[논문]초임계 이산화탄소 염색 및 가공 기술

이교영; 채주원; 이상오; 김삼수; 이재웅

doi:10.5764/tcf.2019.31.1.48

초임계 이산화탄소 염색 및 가공 기술
Supercritical CO2 Dyeing and Finishing Technology - A Review 원문보기

韓國染色加工學會誌 = Textile coloration and finishing, v.31 no.1, 2019년, pp.48 - 64

이교영 (영남대학교 파이버시스템공학과) , 채주원 (영남대학교 파이버시스템공학과) , 이상오 (영남대학교 의류패션학과) , 김삼수 (영남대학교 파이버시스템공학과) , 이재웅 (영남대학교 파이버시스템공학과)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

With evolution in the production environment of the textile industry, the need for non-water-based dyeing technologies and eco-friendly process facilities in the dyeing and processing stages has increased. In recent years, supercritical fluid dyes have been developed and commercialized in Europe, centering on this demand. However, so far, such dyes have been mainly applied in the processing of PET fibers. Basic research has mainly involved investigation of dyeing by supercritical carbon dioxide or solubility of such dyes, and more in-depth research should be continuously carried out. In this review, we describe the types and characteristics of supercritical fluids that exhibit specific properties at pressures and temperatures over the critical point. In addition, the state of the art in the dyeing and processing technology using supercritical fluids and associated, processing problems, environmental regulation, and wastewater treatment issues are described in detail. We hope this review can contribute to the supercritical fluid technology being further developed as an environment friendly dyeing processing method. Furthermore, we expect that the technique can be used as a means of ensuring different, high-quality dyed products.

주제어

표/그림 (12)

그림 Figure 1. Swellability and dynamics of equilibration of a polymer exposed to CO₂ with time during pressurization and depressurization⁷⁾.
표 Table 1. Critical points of each solvent¹²⁾
그림 Figure 2. Supercritical methanol trans esterification system.
그림 Figure 3. Relationship between reaction temperature and pressure inside a bath type reaction vessel. The shadowed zone is in supercritical state of methanol³²⁾.
표 Table 2. Effect of the SC-CO₂ pretreatment upon lignin removal of ramie fibers⁶⁶⁾
그림 Figure 4. Schematic diagram illustration of the processes of supercritical pretreatment(impregnation and thermal treatment), decompression, and electroless deposition of copper on the Kevlar^Ⓡ fiber by magnet stirring or ultrasonic irradiation.
표 Table 3. Advantages and disadvantages of high pressure phase equilibrium methods¹⁾
그림 Figure 5. Qualitative representation of the solubility behavior of disperses dyes in SC-CO₂⁸¹⁾.
그림 Figure 6. Difference in water dyeing by temperature (0.3% o.w.f.).
그림 Figure 7. Structure of C.I. Disperse Red 60 ⁸⁵⁾.
그림 Figure 8. Solubility of C. I. Disperse Red 60, y, in SCCO₂ as a function of pressure⁴²⁾.
표 Table 4. Relation of solubility, y, to the dye uptake of C. I. Disperse Red 60 in SC-CO₂ at different pressures, P⁷⁴⁾

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	물을 사용하지 않는 초임계 유체 기술에 대한 개발이 요구되는 이유는 무엇인가?	기존 수계염색은 물과 에너지 소비가 많고 이로 인한 불가피한 환경 오염물질이 배출되는 시스템으로 새로운 미래지향적 산업으로의 탈바꿈을 위한 고도화 전략이 필요한 상황이다. 특히 PET섬유와 같은 소수성섬유 염색에 사용되는 분산염료는 물에 난용성인 특성으로 다량의 물이 필수적이며 분산제 및 계면활성제들이 과다하게 사용되어 폐수처리에 많은 비용이 처리되고 있기에 사회적으로 이슈가 되고 있는 환경문제를 해결하기 위한 방안의 대안으로 물을 사용하지 않는 초임계 유체 기술(Supercritical Fluid Dyeing, SFD)에 대한 개발이 요구되고 있는 시점이다3).
	소수성 염료가 직물 염색 용매로서 불리한 이유는 무엇인가?	6bar, 임계온도 : 101.03℃)용매에서 염색을 시행한 사례도 있었으나, 동일 염색조건에서 염료의 용해도는 이산화탄소 중의 염료의 용해도 보다 훨씬 크지만 초임계 유체 염색시 평형 염착량의 압력에 대한 영향은 온도의 영향이 현저히 크지 않아 직물을 염색하는 용매로서는 임계온도가 상대적으로 낮은 초임계 이산화탄소가 더 유리함을 알 수 있다18).
	초임계 유체란 무엇인가?	초임계 유체란 임계 압력 및 임계 온도 이상의 조건을 갖는 상태에 있는 물질로 액체와 기체로 구별을 할 수 없는 유체를 말한다. 이 유체는 일반적으로 온도와 압력이 변함에 따라 염료의 용해도가 변하며, 액체와 유사한 밀도 그리고 기체와 유사한 점도 및 확산계수를 가지고 있다.

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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