[논문]Compressive Strength Properties of Geopolymers from Pond Ash and Possibility of Utilization as Synthetic Basalt

Kim, Byoungkwan; Lee, Bokyeong; Chon, Chul-Min; Lee, Sujeong

doi:10.4191/kcers.2019.56.4.03

Compressive Strength Properties of Geopolymers from Pond Ash and Possibility of Utilization as Synthetic Basalt 원문보기

한국세라믹학회지 = Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, v.56 no.4, 2019년, pp.365 - 373

Kim, Byoungkwan (Resources Recycling, University of Science & Technology) , Lee, Bokyeong (Intelligent Construction Automation Center, Kyungpook National University) , Chon, Chul-Min (Geological Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) , Lee, Sujeong (Resources Recycling, University of Science & Technology)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Pond ash is a mixture of mostly coarser fly ash and bottom ash. The recycling rate of pond ash is low because pond ash is mixed with seawater and deposited in ponds. The pond ash is also subjected to natural weathering over a period of time. In this study, we investigated whether pond ash can be used as a raw material of geopolymers, without any purification process or through a minimal purification process. In addition, we investigated whether synthetic basalt made by adding foaming agent to geopolymer or casting it into a mold can show the surface of the natural basalt as it is. The highest 7-day compressive strength in geopolymers from pond ash without purification process was 26 MPa. The highest 7-day compressive strength in geopolymers from pond ash with impurities removed through dry sieve analysis was found to improve to 80 MPa. On the other hand, synthetic basalt made with geopolymer was shown to be more advantageous aesthetically when produced by casting it in a silicone mold rather than by adding a foaming agent. Non-purified pond ash can be made into geopolymers having low strength. Pond ash purified by sieving can, without use of an aggregate, be made into geopolymer having high-strength. Also, it is possible to produce synthetic basalt with the same appearance as natural basalt and sufficient strength for commercialization. This process will contribute to the mass consumption and recycling of pond ash.

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문제 정의

This study aimed to assess the possibility of using pond ash, as it is or with the impurities removed, as a raw material for geopolymers. Also, the developed pond ash-based synthetic basalt was evaluated to determine if it faithfully reproduced the surface of natural basalt.

제안 방법

To be more specific, about 500 g of pond ash was sorted using a Ro-Tap sieve shaker (Rx-29, W.S. TYLER®, US) for five minutes by allowing it to pass through a series of sieves with mesh sizes of 0.5, 0.3, 0.2, 0.15, 0.10, 0.07, 0.06, and 0.04 mm.
X-ray diffraction analysis was performed using a D8 Advance diffractometer (Bruker-AXS, Germany) to analyze the crystallographic properties of the pond ash according to particle size. Diffraction patterns were obtained over a range of 5-100° 2θ with a step size of 0.

이론/모형

Also, to analyze the content of the crystalline phases and amorphous substances, quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out in the same analytical conditions. Quantitative analysis was performed with DIFFRAC.PLUS TOPAS4.2 (Bruker-AXS, Germany) using a Partial Or NO Known Crystal Structures (PONKCS) method¹⁷⁾ where an unknown mineral phase is defined to have a virtual crystal structure, and based thereon, other mineral phases that are mixed with the unknown phase are quantitatively analyzed using a Rietveld method. 3.
The particle size distribution of pond ash was analyzed using a dry sieving method. To be more specific, about 500 g of pond ash was sorted using a Ro-Tap sieve shaker (Rx-29, W.

성능/효과

The 7-day compressive strength of each geopolymer specimen was measured using a compressive strength test machine (MTS 815, MTS, USA). For each mix proportion, four specimens were measured according to KS F 2405 (Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Concrete), and the average compressive strength was calculated.
In this study, the geopolymer pastes made solely of pond ash and alkali activator exhibited high-strengths depending on the chemical composition and the content of mixing water, i.e., the average 7-day compressive strength was up to 80 MPa. In the case of cement, high-strength aggregate should be used to produce high-strength concrete.
Also, the developed pond ash-based synthetic basalt was evaluated to determine if it faithfully reproduced the surface of natural basalt. The major findings of this study indicate that it is possible to fabricate highstrength geopolymers and a synthetic basalt that has the same appearance as natural basalt, as well as strength high enough for commercialization, using pond ash, which is difficult to recycle.
X-ray fluorescence analysis results indicated that in both the unsieved pond ash and the 0.06 mm or smaller pond ash, the combined content of SiO₂, Al2O₃, and Fe₂O₃ was not less than 70%, and the content of CaO was less than 7% (Table 2). Thus, it was confirmed that the pond ash above fell into Class F Fly Ash under ASTM C618.

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상세보기
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Compressive Strength Properties of Geopolymers from Pond Ash and Possibility of Utilization as Synthetic Basalt 원문보기

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Compressive Strength Properties of Geopolymers from Pond Ash and Possibility of Utilization as Synthetic Basalt 원문보기

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