[논문]상용화 추출제 및 이온성액체에 의한 염산의 용매추출

이만승

doi:10.7844/kirr.2020.29.6.79

상용화 추출제 및 이온성액체에 의한 염산의 용매추출
Solvent Extraction of Hydrochloric Acid Using Commercial Extractants and Synthesized Ionic Liquids 원문보기

資源리싸이클링 = Journal of the Korean Institute of Resources Recycling, v.29 no.6, 2020년, pp.79 - 87

(목포대학교 공과대학 신소재공학과) , 이만승 (목포대학교 공과대학 신소재공학과)

초록
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염산의 용매추출 및 탈거 거동을 조사하기 위해 상용화추출제인 LIX 63 단독 및 TEHA/ Cyanex 923/ Aliquat 336의 혼합추출제와 ALi-SCN과 ALi-PC 이온성액체를 사용하였다. 상기 추출제중에서 ALi-PC가 가장 높은 추출률(80%)을 보였으나 탈거가 어려웠다. 반면 LIX 63의 경우 추출률은 낮았으나, 탈거율은 81%로 가장 높았다. 옥탄올을 유기상에 첨가하면 염산 추출이 오히려 감소했다. 에탄올을 염산용액에 첨가하면 LIX 63, ALi-PC, ALi-SCN에 의한 염산의 추출과 탈거 거동이 크게 개선되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The extraction and stripping of HCl from aqueous solutions by commercial extractants like LIX 63 and its mixture with TEHA/ Cyanex 923/ Aliquat 336 and ionic liquids like ALi-SCN, ALi-PC in kerosene was investigated. Among these extractants, ALi-PC showed the best extraction effectivity (above 80%), but it was difficult to strip HCl from the loaded phase. Although the extraction percentage of HCl by LIX 63 was not high, the stripping performance was above 81%. The addition of octanol to the organic phase led to negative effect on the extraction performance of HCl. The addition of C2H5OH into aqueous solutions significantly increased the extraction and stripping percentage of HCl by LIX 63, ALi-PC and ALi-SCN.

주제어

표/그림 (12)

그림 Fig. 1. Effect of extractants on hydrogen ion (3 M HCl, 3 M H₂SO₄) extraction. Condition: 50% volume of TEHA, LIX 63 and their mixture (MIX) (25:25 vol%) in kerosene and 20% octanol as modifier; O/A = 1; shaking time = 30 mins, 22℃ ± 1.
그림 Fig. 2. Stripping of hydrogen ion from the loaded phase with H₂O at 60℃ in 30 mins. Condition: organic phase: 50% volume of TEHA, LIX 63 and their mixture (MIX) (25:25 vol%) in kerosene and 20% octanol as modifier; O/A = 1.
그림 Fig. 3. Effect of concentration of mixture of TEHA and LIX 63 on hydrogen ion (HCl, H₂SO₄) extraction. Condition: extractants in kerosene and 20% octanol as modifier; O/A = 1; shaking time = 30 mins.
그림 Fig. 4. Stripping of hydrogen ion from the loaded mixture TEHA and LIX 63 with H₂O at 60℃ in 30 mins (O/A = 1).
표 Table 1. Effect of C₂H₅OH on HCl extraction by LIX 63 50 vol% in kerosene
표 Table 2. Effect of extractant on the extraction of 1 M HCl in the mixture 50% H₂O and C₂H₅OH
표 Table 3. Effect of diluent on HCl extraction by LIX 63, Aliquat 336 and their mixture
표 Table 4. Comparison on extraction and stripping of 1 M HCl in distilled water by ionic liquids
표 Table 5. Extraction and stripping of 1 M HCl in the mixture of 50% H₂O and C₂H₅OH (v/v) by ionic liquids
그림 Fig. 5. Effect of ALi-SCN concentration on extraction of 1 M HCl in the mixture of 50% H₂O and C₂H₅OH. Condition: O/A = 1, shaking time = 30 mins, room temperature (22℃ ± 1).
표 Table 6. Comparison of stripping of HCl from the loaded 1 M ALi-SCN phase
표 Table 7. Comparison of extraction and stripping of HCl by ALi-PC phase

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제안 방법

In order to investigate the recovery of HCl from aqueous solutions, solvent extraction experiments were performed by employing commercial extractants such as LIX 63 and its mixture with TEHA, Aliquat 336, and Cyanex 923 and synthesized ILs such as ALi-PC and ALi-SCN. Among these, ALi-PC showed higher extraction percentage than the others, but the stripping was negligible.
The extraction and stripping experiments were conducted by shaking equal volumes of aqueous and organic phases (20 mL each) in a screwed cap bottle for 30 mins using a Burrell wrist action shaker (model 75, USA) at room temperature (22℃ ± 1). The two phases were separated using a separation funnel after holding them for 30 mins.

대상 데이터

, 95%). The commercial extractants such as TEHA (R₃N, BASF Co., 99%), LIX 63 (HR, Is Chem. Co., 70%), Cyanex 923 (Cytec Inc., 93%), Aliquat 336 (BASF Co., 93%) were used without any purification. 1-Octanol (Duksan Pure Chemical Co.
63. Therefore, in order to investigate the extraction and stripping behavior of HCl from the aqueous phase containing C₂H₅OH, three kinds of organic phases, namely, single LIX 63 (50%), a mixture of 50% LIX 63 and 20% Cyanex 923 and a mixture 50% LIX 63 and 20% Aliquat 336 were also employed. Among them, the mixture of LIX 63 and Aliquat 336 displays the best extraction capacity (see Table 2).

이론/모형

The two phases were separated using a separation funnel after holding them for 30 mins. The concentration of hydrogen ions in the aqueous phase before and after extraction was measured by volumetric titration method¹⁸⁾. The concentration of hydrogen ions in the loaded organic phase was determined by mass balance.

성능/효과

fixed at 50% v/v. A slight increase in extraction percentage of both acids was observed when the volume percentage of LIX 63 increased from 10 to 40% (see Fig. 3). Namely, the extraction percentage increased from 36.
The extraction performance of single TEHA for both acids was similar, while no sufuric acid was extracted by single LIX 63. Addition of TEHA to LIX 63 increased the extraction percentage of HCl from 15.7 to 25.7% and H2SO4 from zero to 17.6% compared to single LIX 63. This increase might be ascribed to the interaction between the extractants in binary system, which could lead to synergistic effect.
In order to investigate the effect of the composition of the mixture, the volume percentage of LIX 63 in the mixture was varied from 10 to 40%, while that of TEHA was fixed at 50% v/v. A slight increase in extraction percentage of both acids was observed when the volume percentage of LIX 63 increased from 10 to 40% (see Fig.

후속연구

The difficulty in stripping of HCl from the loaded organic phase can be attributed to the excessive chemical interaction between HCl with extractant like ALi-PC, resulting in chemical conversion and formation of sustainable products in the organic phase. Further studies on the kinetics and interaction of HCl with extractants should be conducted to verify the interaction.

참고문헌 (26)

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