[논문]Occurrence of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria crassa (Sacc.) Rands on Jimson Weed and Potential Additional Host Plants in Algeria

Bessadat, Nabahat; Hamon, Bruno; Bataille-Simoneau, Nelly; Chateau, Corentin; Mabrouk, Kihal; Simoneau, Philippe

doi:10.5423/ppj.nt.01.2020.0003

Occurrence of Leaf Spot Disease Caused by Alternaria crassa (Sacc.) Rands on Jimson Weed and Potential Additional Host Plants in Algeria 원문보기

The plant pathology journal, v.36 no.2, 2020년, pp.179 - 184

Bessadat, Nabahat (Applied Microbiology Lab, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella) , Hamon, Bruno (UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, University Angers) , Bataille-Simoneau, Nelly (UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, University Angers) , Chateau, Corentin (UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, University Angers) , Mabrouk, Kihal (Applied Microbiology Lab, University Oran1 Ahmed Ben Bella) , Simoneau, Philippe (UMR 1345 IRHS, SFR QUASAV, University Angers)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A leaf spot pathogen Alternaria sp. was recovered from jimson weed, tomato, parsley, and coriander collected during surveys of blight diseases on Solanaceae and Apiaceae in Algeria. This species produced large conidial body generating long apical beaks that tapered gradually from a wide base to a narrow tip and short conidiophores originating directly from the agar surface. This species exhibited morphological traits similar to that reported for Alternaria crassa. The identification of seven strains from different hosts was confirmed by sequence analyses at the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, RNA polymerase second largest subunit, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha loci. Further the pathogen was evaluated on jimson weed, coriander, parsley, and tomato plants, and this fungus was able to cause necrotic lesions on all inoculated plants. A. crassa is reported for the first time as a new species of the Algerian mycoflora and as a new potential pathogen for cultivated hosts.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

그림 Fig. 1. (A) Leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria crassa on jimson weed. (B) Colony on potato sucrose agar grown for 7 days at 25°C. Scale bar = 10 mm. (C, D) Conidia and conidiophores produced by NB504 on potato carrot agar grown for 7 days at room temperature. Scale bars = 80 μm (C), 50 μm (D).
표 Table 1. Comparison of the conidial morphology of Alternaria crassa with descriptions available in the literature
표 Table 2. Isolates used in this study and their host
그림 Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree reconstructed by the maximum likelihood method from the alignment of concatenated sequences of portions of the gpd, rpb2, and tef1 genes from 7 large-spored Alternaria isolates and 62 Alternaria strains representative of 58 species of section Porri and one strain of section Euphorbiicola to root the tree.
그림 Fig. 3. Leaf spot caused by Alternaria crassa NB573 isolate on inoculated plants: a. tomato (A), coriander (B), parsley (C), jimson weed (D), and symptoms on jimson weed petioles and stem (E). (F, G) Conidia formed on leaf necrosis viewed with a microscope at 40× and 100×, respectively.
그림 Fig. 4. Virulence of Alternaria crassa isolates on jimson weed, coriander, tomato, and parsley plants under controlled conditions 21 days after inoculation.

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문제 정의

The aim of this study was to consider the occurrence of Alternaria crassa (Sacc.) Rands on cultivated plants and the neighboring wild species D. stramonium in the main north-western growing fields of Algeria.

제안 방법

Measurements of conidia and conidiophores were performed after 5 to 7 days. Samples were mounted in lactic acid, observed under a microscope (Optika B-190 series, OPTIKA Srl, Via Rigla, Italy) and micro-photographed. Dimensions were based on observing 35 conidia and 20 conidiophores per isolate.
Oran, Mostaganem and Sidi Bel Abbes. Symptomatic leaves of jimson weed (Fig. 1A), tomato, parsley, and coriander were sampled and taken to a laboratory for further analysis. Leaf pieces of about 0.

이론/모형

Virulence of Alternaria crassa isolates on jimson weed, coriander, tomato, and parsley plants under controlled conditions 21 days after inoculation. Multiple-means comparisons were supported by Kruskal-Wallis test. The same letter above bars indicates that means values are not different (P > 0.

성능/효과

Samples were then placed on Petri-plates containing potato carrot agar (PCA) medium and incubated at room temperature. After 5 to 14 days of incubation, 339 fungal colonies corresponding to large-spored Alternaria species were collected, purified by monospore culture and sub-culturing techniques. Isolates were further mass cultured in potato sucrose agar (PSA) and stored at –80°C in 30% glycerol.
2. Phylogenetic tree reconstructed by the maximum likelihood method from the alignment of concatenated sequences of portions of the gpd, rpb2, and tef1 genes from 7 large-spored Alternaria isolates and 62 Alternaria strains representative of 58 species of section Porri and one strain of section Euphorbiicola to root the tree. Sequences were retrieved from GenBank accessions reported in Woudenberg et al.
Resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank (Table 2). The nucleotide sequences at each of the three targeted loci were identical for the seven selected isolates, and had 100% identity with corresponding sequences from A. crassa type strain CBS 110.38. Corresponding sequence data for Alternaria strains representative of 57 species within section Porri and one species within section Euphorbiicola used as outgroup (Woudenberg et al.
These results showed that pathogenicity of A. crassa isolates obtained from naturally infected plants was not restricted to their original host and may also include other plant species at least under artificial inoculation conditions. According to Woudenberg et al.
, 2008). This analysis showed that the seven isolates clustered with A. crassa reference strains (CBS 103.18, CBS 110.38, CBS 116647, and CBS 116648) confirming their identity (Fig. 2).

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