[논문]Clinical trial of oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum in dogs with atopic dermatitis

Lee, Kang-Il; Yun, Taesik; Ham, Junsang; Lee, Wan-Kyu; Kang, Ji-Houn; Yang, Mhan-Pyo; Kang, Byeong-Teck

doi:10.14405/kjvr.2020.60.1.19

Clinical trial of oral administration of Bifidobacterium longum in dogs with atopic dermatitis 원문보기

Korean journal of veterinary research = 대한수의학회지, v.60 no.1, 2020년, pp.19 - 24

Lee, Kang-Il (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Yun, Taesik (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Ham, Junsang (National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration) , Lee, Wan-Kyu (Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Kang, Ji-Houn (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Yang, Mhan-Pyo (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) , Kang, Byeong-Teck (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study assessed the effects of probiotics in canine atopic dermatitis (AD). We enrolled 11 client-owned dogs with AD and randomly allocated them to two groups. The probiotics group (n = 7) was prescribed with Bifidobacterium longum while the control group (n = 4) received a placebo powder once a day for 12 weeks. In both groups, the degree of skin lesions was evaluated based on the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4. We also measured the transepidermal water loss (TEWL). We assessed pruritus severity using the pruritus visual analog scale (PVAS). Alteration of consumed drug doses was converted into medication scores. All the evaluation indices were surveyed every 4 weeks. In the probiotics group, there was a significant decrease in the CADESI-4 score at 4, 8, and 12 weeks compared to that of the baseline score (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in TEWL, PVAS, and medication score at each time point and between groups. Although these results showed that Bifidobacterium longum did not reduce pruritus, TEWL, and the dosage of drugs for canine AD, it was effective in improving skin lesions, therefore, probiotics could be considered in canine AD with severe skin symptoms.

주제어

표/그림 (2)

그림 Fig. 1. Time-course changes in the pruritus visual analog scale (PVAS) (A), Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI)-4 (B), transepidermal water loss (TEWL) (C), and medication score (D) in the probiotics and control groups.
표 Table 1. Summary of signalments and previously prescribed drugs of the 11 dogs involved in the study

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문제 정의

We found that the CADESI-4 scores of the probiotics group significantly decreased from the baseline to 4, 8 and 12 weeks; however, this was not observed in the control group. These findings are consistent with those of a study evaluating the complementary effects of Lactobacillus paracasei K71 on canine AD [7]. TEWL in the probiotics group showed a similar tendency; however, it did not reach statistical significance within the group.

제안 방법

Assessment of the CADESI-4 score, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and medication score was conducted by veterinarians while that of PVAS was performed by the dog-owners. All clinical indices were surveyed every 4 weeks starting from the baseline to the 12 weeks.
Medication score used in this study was based on previously described [7] and we used modified version. Alteration of consumed doses of the drugs including prednisolone, oclacitinib, and ciclosporin was calculated and converted into a medication score.
, San Diego, CA, USA). The Wilcoxon test was conducted to analyze the PVAS, CADESI-4, TEWL, and medication scores in each group. The betweengroup differences of the values obtained every 4 weeks were also analyzed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test.
To minimize the TEWL variability, we performed five consecutive measurements for 10 seconds at a time on both pinnae, axillae, and the groin in a constant environment (ambient temperature: 24–25o C; relative humidity: 44–66%).

데이터처리

The Wilcoxon test was conducted to analyze the PVAS, CADESI-4, TEWL, and medication scores in each group. The betweengroup differences of the values obtained every 4 weeks were also analyzed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. All data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD).

이론/모형

The extent and severity of skin lesions were evaluated using the CADESI-4, which was designed to assess 20 different body parts. We assessed 3 skin lesions including erythema, lichenification, and excoriation/alopecia based on a four-point severity scale.

성능/효과

There were also no significant within-group differences at all time-points. (B) There was a significant decrease in the CADESI-4 scores in the probiotics group at 4, 8, and 12 compared to the baseline; however, there was no significant difference in the control group. There was no significant between-group difference at each time point.
In conclusion, although it was not sufficient to reduce pruritus, TEWL, and the dosage of prescribed drugs for managing canine AD, our preliminary results showed that oral administration of B. longum was effective in improving skin lesions and could be considered as a supportive therapy for canine AD.

후속연구

Moreover, since several studies have reported that administration of probiotics prevented the development of AD in mouse model [18-20], further research is needed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on pregnant and young adult dogs. Further, future studies should consider stopping the use of drugs for canine AD treatment so as to ideally identify the beneficial effects of probiotics. In this study, it was difficult for the dog-owners to visit the veterinary hospital without any medication for 12 weeks.
Although we did not find a significant between-group difference in the clinical signs, studies with larger samples are needed to further evaluate the effect of probiotics. Moreover, since several studies have reported that administration of probiotics prevented the development of AD in mouse model [18-20], further research is needed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on pregnant and young adult dogs. Further, future studies should consider stopping the use of drugs for canine AD treatment so as to ideally identify the beneficial effects of probiotics.

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