[논문]Quantitative Label-free Terahertz Sensing of Transdermal Nicotine Delivered to Human Skin

Lee, Gyuseok; Namkung, Ho; Do, Youngwoong; Lee, Soonsung; Kang, Hyeona; Kim, Jin-Woo; Han, Haewook

doi:10.3807/copp.2020.4.4.368

Quantitative Label-free Terahertz Sensing of Transdermal Nicotine Delivered to Human Skin 원문보기

Current optics and photonics, v.4 no.4, 2020년, pp.368 - 372

Lee, Gyuseok (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Namkung, Ho (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Do, Youngwoong (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Lee, Soonsung (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Kang, Hyeona (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Kim, Jin-Woo (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology) , Han, Haewook (Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

We report the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) of transdermal drug delivery in human skin. The time evolution of transdermal nicotine delivery in nicotine patches was assessed by detecting the transmission coefficient of sub-picosecond THz pulses and using a semi-analytic model based on the single-layer effective medium approximation. Using commercial nicotine patches (Nicoderm CQ®, 7 mg/24 h), THz transmission coefficients were measured to quantitatively analyze the cumulative amounts of nicotine released from the patches in the absence of their detailed specifications, including multilayer structures and optical properties at THz frequencies. The results agreed well with measurements by conventional in vitro and in vivo methods, using a diffusion cell with high-performance liquid chromatography and blood sampling respectively. Our study revealed the ability of the THz-TDS method to be an effective alternative to existing methods for noninvasive and label-free assessments of transdermal drug delivery, showing its high promise for biomedical, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic applications.

주제어

표/그림 (4)

그림 FIG. 1. (a) Cross-sectional schematic of a nicotine patch on human skin (top), and nicotine patches applied to the forearm of an Asian subject (male, 23 years old, 65 kg) (bottom). (b) Cross-sectional schematic of a nicotine patch removed from the skin at a designated time interval (top), and a schematic of a patch mounted on a copper plate with a rectangular aperture for THz transmission measurements.
그림 FIG. 2. THz transmission signals, in the (a) time and (b) frequency domains, for air reference (black solid line), a fresh (i.e. 0-h) patch (cyan solid line), a patch after 8-h application (green solid line), a patch after 16-h application (blue solid line), and a patch after 24-h application (red solid line).
그림 FIG. 3. Cumulative amount of nicotine (CAN) released from (a) the nicotine patches on the basis of spectral amplitude at 0.4 THz (green solid line and solid diamonds), 0.5 THz (black solid line and solid triangles), and 0.9 THz (blue solid line and solid squares), and time-domain positive peaks (red solid line and solid circles) from THz transmission measurements, and (b) previously reported in vitro data (yellow dashed line and hollow triangles) and previously reported in vivo data (brown dashed line and hollow circles) [19].
표 TABLE 1. Parameters used in CAN estimations of nicotine patches

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제안 방법

In this study, by integrating THz-TDS and a semi-analytic approximate model, we demonstrate that transdermal nicotine delivery can be quantitatively assessed without requiring labels (i.e., radioisotopes, fluorophores, etc.) and detailed information on the patch’s physical and optical features.

참고문헌 (19)

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상세보기
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