[논문]캄보디아 청소년의 HIV 지식 및 태도와 영향요인

반지현; 양영란

doi:10.22156/cs4smb.2020.10.08.108

캄보디아 청소년의 HIV 지식 및 태도와 영향요인
HIV Knowledge and Attitude and Its Related Factors of Cambodian Adolescents 원문보기

융합정보논문지 = Journal of Convergence for Information Technology, v.10 no.8, 2020년, pp.108 - 119

초록
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이 연구는 캄보디아 청소년의 HIV 에 대한 지식과 태도를 파악하고 영향요인을 이해하기 위해 수행되었다. 캄보디아 3개 주에 거주 중인 고등학교 3학년생 463명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하였으며 HIV-KQ-18 (HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire-18)과 HIV/AIDS Behavior Surveillance Survey Index (measuring attitude about HIV)을 이용하여 HIV 관련 지식과 태도를 측정하였다. 연구결과 캄보디아 청소년은 전반적으로 낮은 수준의 HIV 지식(6.70 ± 3.66 (range: 0-16))을 가지고 있었고 부정적인 태도(1.92 ± 0.87 points (range: 0-4))를 보였다. 남성(β = 0.28, p < 0.001), SNS 중 YouTube 사용(β = 0.33, p = 0.035) 이 높은 지식에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 캄보디아 청소년에게 문화사회적으로 수용 가능한 보건교육프로그램 개발과 운영에 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This describes the level of knowledge and attitudes about HIV and their related factors among Cambodian adolescents. A cross-sectional design was used to examine the knowledge and attitude of 463 Cambodian high school students using HIV-KQ-18 (HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire-18) and HIV/AIDS Behavior Surveillance Survey Index (measuring attitude about HIV). The majority of the adolescents had a relatively low level of overall HIV knowledge (6.70 ± 3.66 (range: 0-16)) and held a very negative attitude (1.92 ± 0.87 points (range: 0-4)) toward the disease. Using multiple regression analysis, being male (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and using YouTube as a social network service (β = 0.33, p = 0.035) were found to be independent factors associated with higher level of HIV knowledge. Study findings suggest the importance of informing policymakers and school nurses about the need to develop a and require a culturally sensitive specific health education program on HIV for Cambodian adolescents.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

표 Table 1. General characteristics of the respondents (N=463)
표 Table 2. Differences of knowledge and attitude about HIV by general characteristics (N=463)
표 Table 3. Percentage of correct answer per question of HIV knowledge (N=463)
표 Table 4. Percentages of positive answer per attitude toward HIV(N=463)
표 Table 5. Correlation of Knowledge and Attitude about HIV
표 Table 6. Multiple Regression Analysis on factors altering the Knowledge about HIV (N=463)

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문제 정의

Despite the limitations, results add to our understanding of attitudes and beliefs about HIV among a random sample of Cambodian adolescence. In spite of those limitations, this study is the first to investigate the knowledge and attitude about HIV among high school students in Cambodia. Future studies should be designed to reflect and overcome these limitations.
Future studies should be designed to reflect and overcome these limitations. This study is the first to investigate the knowledge and attitude about HIV among high school students in Cambodia.
, YouTube) that reflects the characteristics of SNS use in Cambodia, where Internet use is common. This study provides important information for implementing education by school nurses and public health sectors for young people in Cambodia to help them grow into healthy adults without fear of HIV or prejudice toward PLWH.
This study was conducted to understand the level of knowledge and related factors and the attitude toward HIV among high school students in Cambodia. The adolescents’ knowledge and attitude of HIV are of particular interest because adolescence involves sexual experimentation and may relate to high-risk sexual behaviors.
In addition, between 2005 and 2014, the HIV knowledge of Cambodian female adolescents declined from 51% to 28%, with adolescents having the lowest understanding of HIV risk[17]. Thus, this study aimed to understand the knowledge and attitude about HIV of adolescents to inform public health policymakers and school nurses about developing a culturally sensitive and specific health educational program on HIV/AIDS at the Cambodian national level.

제안 방법

School is a good place to develop self-esteem and a healthy sexual attitude and to conduct peer education programs targeting young people[32]. When educating students about HIV, developing a curriculum based on the survey items of this study, which had a high error rate for the questions about HIV knowledge, would be more effective.

대상 데이터

Of the 515 eligible students, 499 completed the questionnaire, achieving a response rate of 97%. After excluding the participants whose questionnaires contained errors, 463 students were finally included in the analysis.
The students were randomly recruited from three high schools, one from each province, from July to August 2017. When we reached out to each school, we explained the research and recruitment process to the principals and staff members and discussed the schedule of the data collection to ensure that it did not interfere with the classes.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in three rural provinces, namely, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, and Koh Kong, which were selected through convenient sampling. Champong Cham is located 124 km northeast of Phnom Penh, has the largest population at 1.
When we reached out to each school, we explained the research and recruitment process to the principals and staff members and discussed the schedule of the data collection to ensure that it did not interfere with the classes. Two trained Cambodian research assistants, a graduate student and a postdoctoral nursing student, entered the classroom and thoroughly explained their research to the students. We made the gap between where each student was sitting as wide as possible to prevent the students from discussing the topic with each other.

데이터처리

Fourth, a regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables affecting the participants’ HIV knowledge and attitude.
First, we calculated the frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the respondents' answers to the questions about general characteristics, knowledge of HIV, and attitude toward HIV. Second, an independent t-test and a one-way ANOVA of the difference in the knowledge and attitude about HIV according to the general characteristics were performed. Third, correlation analysis between HIV knowledge and attitude.

이론/모형

HIV knowledge was measured using a brief self-report measure of HIV-related knowledge, the HIV-KQ-18 (HIV-Knowledge Questionnaire-18), which was developed by Carey and Schroder[20]. This tool consists of 18 questions: nine questions on HIV transmission, seven questions on prevention, two general questions including one question on test, and one question on symptoms.

성능/효과

For the item "Using Vaseline or baby oil with condoms lowers the chance of getting HIV (F)," the correct answer rate was 14.3%, and the correct answer rate for "A natural skin condom works better against HIV than a latex condom (F)" was 13.8%, which is very low.
For the items on the general knowledge of HIV, the correct answer rate for symptom question was 52.1%, and the rate for right timing of HIV test was 30.9%, which showed that the participants were not well aware of the symptoms of HIV and the incubation period. This finding can affect how HIV infections are managed, and thus accurate education is needed as well.
The mean score for all the questions on HIV knowledge was at 6.70 ± 3.66(range 0–18), and the correctness rate ranged from 68.5% to 10.6%.
The percentage of correct answers to the symptom question, "People who have been infected with HIV quickly show serious signs of being infected (F)" was 52.1%, and that to the HIV test question, "Taking a test for HIV one week after having sex will tell a person if he or she has HIV (F)" was 30.9%.
The question with the highest percentage of correct answers was "There is a female condom that can decrease a woman's chance of getting HIV (T)" (51.4%), and "A natural skin condom works better against HIV than a latex condom (F)" was the question with the lowest percentage of correct answers (13.8%).

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