[논문]Taking a Closer Look at Bus Driver Emotional Exhaustion and Well-Being: Evidence from Taiwanese Urban Bus Drivers

Chen, Ching-Fu; Hsu, Yuan-Chun

doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2020.06.002

Taking a Closer Look at Bus Driver Emotional Exhaustion and Well-Being: Evidence from Taiwanese Urban Bus Drivers 원문보기

Safety and health at work : SH@W, v.11 no.3, 2020년, pp.353 - 360

Chen, Ching-Fu (Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science, National Cheng Kung University) , Hsu, Yuan-Chun (Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science, National Cheng Kung University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Background: Urban bus drivers work under conditions that are among the most demanding, stressful, and unhealthy with higher rates of mortality and morbidity as well as absenteeism and turnover. Methods: Drawing on the job demand-resource model, this study investigates the impacts of job characteristics on emotional exhaustion and the effects of emotional exhaustion on job outcomes (including job satisfaction, life satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention) in the context of bus drivers. Results: Using self-reported survey data collected from a sample of 320 Taiwanese urban bus drivers, results reveal that role overload and work-family conflict (as job demand factors) positively relate to emotional exhaustion, and organizational support (as a job resource factor) is negatively associated with emotional exhaustion. Emotional exhaustion has negative effects on both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Job satisfaction positively leads to life satisfaction, whereas organizational commitment negatively relates to turnover intention. Conclusion: This study concludes that role overload and work-family conflict as two stressors related to job demands and organizational support as the job resource factor to affect emotional exhaustion which further influence well-being in bus driver context. The moderating effects of both extraversion and neuroticism on the relationship between job demands and emotional exhaustion are evident.

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문제 정의

In this study, we focus on two kinds of job resources, i.e., supervisor support and organizational support, and explore their effects on burnout (emotional exhaustion) to offer a more comprehensive understanding of bus drivers’ job strain and associated outcomes.
This article is thus motivated to obtain a deeper understanding of bus drivers’ stress and the relationships between its antecedents and consequences to design health and wellness programs for governments, bus companies, and drivers alike.

가설 설정

Estimated structural model. Notes: 1. The standardized path estimates and associated t values are presented without and within parentheses, respectively. 2.
Regarding the effects of two joberesources factors on emotional exhaustion, supervisor support and organizational support, only organizational support (β = 0.311) has a negative effect on emotional exhaustion, thus supporting H4.

제안 방법

Drawing on the JDeR model, our study takes a closer look at bus drivers’ stress and its antecedents and consequences.
Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted first to assess both convergent validity and discriminant validity of the measurement model. Subsequently the structural model was estimated to test the associated hypothesized relationships of conceptual model. Multiple indices including normed chisquare (c2/d.
The goal of this study is to propose an integrated relationship model of bus driver emotional exhaustion and empirically investigate the antecedents and outcomes of emotional exhaustion by using a sample of Taiwanese bus drivers. Not only considering the facilitating factors of emotional exhaustion i.
To reach a comprehensive understanding of bus drivers’ emotional exhaustion, more future research evidence is recommended. Third, the data used in the study are self-reported from bus drivers at the individual level and do not take the influences of group- or organization-level metrics such as service culture or climate into account. Future research evidence with the group- or organizational-level variables is recommended.
To examine the moderating effects of personality on the relationship between job demands and emotional exhaustion, we conduct a series of hierarchical regression analyses by using the five personality traits as moderators. Only control variables are included in the model at the first step, followed by including independent variables (role overload and workefamily conflict) and personality traits in the second step.
We then estimate the structural model to examine the hypothetical relationships between latent constructs. The GOF indices of structural model include X²/df = 1.

이론/모형

Personality, specified as the moderator between work stressor and burnout in our study, is measured by the Ten-Item Personality Inventory adapted from a study by Gosling et al [30] for capturing the Big Five personality traits. This five-item personality inventory consists of agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness.
The structural equation modelingwith the maximum likelihood method was used to analyze the hypothesized model by following the two-stage approach [31]. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted first to assess both convergent validity and discriminant validity of the measurement model.

성능/효과

In addition, the moderating effects of neuroticism are found significantly negative. The results indicate when drivers encounter high role overload (or workefamily conflict) situation, the difference in emotional exhaustion between high and low neuroticism groups is not significant, whereas high neuroticism group has higher emotional exhaustion. However, in the situation of low role overload (or workefamily conflict), the emotional exhaustion of high neuroticism group is much higher than low neuroticism, and the difference between high and low group is significant.

후속연구

Finally, future research should identify additional factors to reflect bus drivers’ job characteristics, for instance, passenger incivility as job demands, and potential moderators, such as drivers’ emotional intelligence and examine the effects of various coping behaviors used by bus drivers, such as psychological detachment, exercises, to help bus companies develop better human resource policies.

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Taking a Closer Look at Bus Driver Emotional Exhaustion and Well-Being: Evidence from Taiwanese Urban Bus Drivers 원문보기

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Taking a Closer Look at Bus Driver Emotional Exhaustion and Well-Being: Evidence from Taiwanese Urban Bus Drivers 원문보기

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