[논문]한국 서울 식생의 번성자로서 팥배나무의 형질 변화 양상

정성희; 조용찬; 이창석

doi:10.13047/kjee.2021.35.6.644

한국 서울 식생의 번성자로서 팥배나무의 형질 변화 양상
Changes in Leaf and Reproductive Traits of Mountain Ash (Sorbus alnifolia) as Urban Flourisher in the Seoul Metropolitan, South Korea 원문보기

한국환경생태학회지 = Korean journal of environment and ecology, v.35 no.6, 2021년, pp.644 - 658

정성희 (국립수목원 전시교육연구과) , 조용찬 (국립수목원 광릉숲보전센터) , 이창석 (서울여자대학교 화학생명환경과학부)

초록
AI-Helper

도시 생태계에서 우점 수종의 형질 특성은 분획화 및 고립된 식생, 그리고 생물상호작용 감소 등 환경 변화에 대한 종의 형질 적응과 생태계 기능에 대한 통찰력을 제공한다. 우리는 한국의 서울 중심에서 남쪽 방향의 4개 산지에서 환경 요인 (지리, 기상 및 토양 속성)을 포함하여 모두 40개체 팥배나무 (Sorbus alnifolia)에서 측정한 4개 유형의 잎 형질 (Leaf area, Specific leaf area, Leaf dry mass content, Leaf shape index)과 7개 유형의 번식 형질 (Fruit width, Fruit length, Fruit shape, Fruit dry weight, Fruit dry matter content, Seed weight 및 Seed ratio)의 평균과 분산 양상, 그리고 형질 조합에 대한 다변량 분석을 실시하였다. 측정된 환경 요인은 조사 장소의 개별성을 나타내었지만, 도심 식생이 더 건조하고 생장도일이 길었다. 도심에서 팥배나무의 잎은 작고 무거워지며, 열매는 길쭉하고 가벼운 종자를 생산하여, 오랜 도시화 영향에 따른 형질 반응들이 관찰되었다. 우리의 연구는 식생 파편화 및 고립화에 따른 생물 상호작용 감소를 나타내는 도심 환경에서 팥배나무 집단의 성장 및 번식 기제의 변화를 확인하였다. 우리는 축소된 생물 상호작용 규모, 그리고 대기 오염 같은 부정적 환경 요인이 많은 도시에서 핵심 수종의 기능과 지속성에 관해 제한적이지만 뚜렷한 생태 정보를 제공한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Understanding the functional traits of dominant species in urban ecosystems provides insight into species' trait adaptation and ecosystem function in response to fragmented and isolated urban vegetation and reduced biological interactions. This study compared means and variances of environmental factors (geographic, meteorological, and soil attributes) and 4 leaf traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry mass content, and leaf shape index) and 7 reproductive traits (fruit width, fruit length, fruit shape, fruit dry weight, fruit dry matter content, seed weight, and seed ratio) measured of 40 Sorbus alnifolia individuals in four mountainous areas south of Seoul downtown, South Korea. We then performed the multivariate analysis of trait combinations. While the measured environmental factors indicated the individuality of the survey sites, the urban vegetation was drier and had a longer growth period. The leaves of S. alnifolia in the urban areas were smaller and heavier, and the fruits produced longer and lighter seeds, showing the traits affected by long urbanization. The study confirmed changes in the growth and reproduction mechanism of the S. alnifolia population under the urban environment, indicating reduced biological interaction due to vegetation fragmentation and isolation. This study provides limited but distinct ecological information about the function and persistence of key species in cities with a reduced scale of biological interactions and many negative environmental factors such as air pollution.

주제어

표/그림 (6)

그림 Figure 1. A map showing the study sites of the Quercus mongolica-Sorbus alnifolia community.
표 Table 1. Environmental factors at 4 sampling sites in Seoul, Korea
그림 Figure 2. Mean (with standard deviation) morphological and physiological leaf traits for each study site. (a) leaf area, (b) specific leaf area, (c) leaf dry-matter content, (d) leaf shape index. Closed circles and asterisks are mean and variance, respectively. Lower letters above closed circles mean significant differences among sites.
그림 Figure 3. Mean reproductive traits for study sites. (a) fruit width, (b) fruit length, (c) fruit shape, (d) fruit dry weight, (e) fruit dry-matter content, (f) seed weight, (g) seed ratio. Closed circles and asterisks are mean and variance, respectively. Lower letters above closed circles mean significant differences among sites.
그림 Figure 4. Nonparametric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of leaf traits using Mahalanobis dissimilarity. For ordination, functional trait was presented using species score with gray letters and the distance from urban center was fitted as gray contour lines using penalized splines.
그림 Figure 5. Nonparametric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of reproduction traits using Mahalanobis dissimilarity. For ordination, functional trait was presented using species score with gray letters and the distance from urban center was fitted as gray contour lines using penalized splines.

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