[논문]고해상도 규모상세화 수치자료 산출체계를 이용한 남한의 풍력기상자원 특성 분석

윤진아; 김연희; 최희욱

doi:10.14191/atmos.2021.31.1.001

고해상도 규모상세화 수치자료 산출체계를 이용한 남한의 풍력기상자원 특성 분석
Analyses of the Meteorological Characteristics over South Korea for Wind Power Applications Using KMAPP 원문보기

대기 = Atmosphere, v.31 no.1, 2021년, pp.1 - 15

윤진아 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 김연희 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 최희욱 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

High-resolution wind resources maps (maps, here after) with spatial and temporal resolutions of 100 m and 3-hours, respectively, over South Korea have been produced and evaluated for the period from July 2016 to June 2017 using Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) Post Processing (KMAPP). Evaluation of the 10 m- and 80 m-level wind speed in the new maps (KMAPP-Wind) and the 1.5 km-resolution KMA NWP model, Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System (LDAPS), shows that the new high-resolution maps improves of the LDAPS winds in estimating the 10m wind speed as the new data reduces the mean bias (MBE) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) by 33.3% and 14.3%, respectively. In particular, the result of evaluation of the wind at 80 m which is directly related with power turbine shows that the new maps has significantly smaller error compared to the LDAPS wind. Analyses of the new maps for the seasonal average, maximum wind speed, and the prevailing wind direction shows that the wind resources over South Korea are most abundant during winter, and that the prevailing wind direction is strongly affected by synoptic weather systems except over mountainous regions. Wind speed generally increases with altitude and the proximity to the coast. In conclusion, the evaluation results show that the new maps provides significantly more accurate wind speeds than the lower resolution NWP model output, especially over complex terrains, coastal areas, and the Jeju island where wind-energy resources are most abundant.

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표/그림 (19)

그림 Fig. 1. KMAPP (Korea Meteorological Administration Post Processing) concept description.
그림 Fig. 2. Site locations of ASOS (Automated Synoptic Observation System), AWS (Automated Weather Station) and Met. Tower.
그림 Fig. 3. Variations of (a) monthly and (b) diurnally averaged wind speed at the height of 10 m of LDAPS (Local Data Assimilation and Prediction System), KMAPP, and Observation.
그림 Fig. 4. Wind speed error distributions of (a) LDAPS and (b) KMAPP.
그림 Fig. 5. Verification of annual mean wind speed of LDAPS (left) and KMAPP (right) wind resource maps at AWS sites using MBE (Mean Bias Error) (top), and RMSE (Root Mean Square Deviation) (bottom).
표 Table 1. Verification of annual and seasonal mean wind speed of LDAPS and KMAPP wind resources maps over South Korea at the height of 10 m (Spring: Mar.~May, Summer: Jun.~Aug., Autunm: Sep.~Nov., Winter: Otc.~Dec., Daytime: 0600, 0900, 1200, 1500 KST, Nighttime: 0000, 0300, 1800, 2100 KST).
그림 Fig. 6. Real height (OBS) and difference between each model (LDAPS, KMAPP) and real height for each site.
표 Table 2. Comparison and verification of annual mean wind speed of LDAPS and KMAPP resources maps at Gochang, Dongbok·Bukchon, Bosung, and HeMOSU sites at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 7. Distributions of annual (a) mean wind speed, (b) maximum wind speed, and (c) ratio of available wind speed (3~25 m s⁻¹) over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
표 Table 3. Types of wind resources maps using KMAPP at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 8. Distributions of annual ratio of wind speed range of (a) 3~7 m s⁻¹, (b) 7~13 m s⁻¹, and (c) 13~25 m s⁻¹ over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 9. Distributions of (a) prevailing wind direction and (b) its frequency over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 10. Seasonal mean wind speed over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 11. Seasonal prevailing wind direction and its ratio over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 12. Distributions of annual mean wind speed (top) at day (left) and night (right) time and ratio of wind speed of 3~25 m s⁻¹ (bottom) over South Korea at the height of 80 m.
그림 Fig. 13. Land groups classification map over South Korea.
그림 Fig. 14. Diurnal variations of (a) Observation and (b) KMAPP wind speed classified by Land groups.
그림 Fig. 15. Annual mean wind speed distribution of Sea and Land groups.
그림 Fig. 16. Seasonal mean wind speed distribution of Land groups.

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