[논문]운산 금 광상의 엽리상 석영맥에서 산출되는 백색운모와 녹니석의 산상 및 화학조성

유봉철

doi:10.22807/kjmp.2021.34.1.1

운산 금 광상의 엽리상 석영맥에서 산출되는 백색운모와 녹니석의 산상 및 화학조성
Occurrence and Chemical Composition of White Mica and Chlorite from Laminated Quartz Vein of Unsan Au Deposit 원문보기

광물과 암석 = Korean journal of mineralogy and petrology, v.34 no.1, 2021년, pp.1 - 14

초록
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운산 금 광상은 한반도의 3대(대유동 광상, 광양 광상) 금 광상중의 하나였다. 이 광상의 지질은 선캠브리아기의 변성퇴적암류와 중생대의 반상화강암으로 구성된다. 이 광상은 선캠브리아기의 변성퇴적암류와 중생대의 반상화강암내에 발달된 단층대를 따라 충진한 함 금 석영맥 광상으로 조산형 금 광상에 해당된다. 이 광상의 석영맥은 광물조합에 따라 1) 방연석-석영맥형, 2) 자류철석-석영맥형, 3) 황철석-석영맥형, 4) 페크마틱 석영맥형, 5) 백운모-석영맥형 및 6) 단순석영맥형으로 분류된다. 연구된 석영맥은 황철석-석영맥형이며 견운모화작용, 녹니석화작용 및 규화작용이 관찰된다. 백색운모는 유색대에서 백색석영, 황철석, 녹니석, 금홍석, 모나자이트, 저어콘, 인회석, 칼리장석 및 방해석 등과 함께 세립질 내지 중립질 입단으로 산출된다. 이 백색운모의 화학조성은 (K0.98-0.86Na0.02-0.00Ca0.01-0.00Ba0.01-0.00 Sr0.00)1.00-0.88(Al1.70-1.57Mg0.22-0.09Fe0.23-0.10Mn0.00Ti0.04-0.02Cr0.01-0.00V0.00Ni0.00)2.06-1.95 (Si3.38-3.17Al0.83-0.62)4.00O10(OH2.00-1.91F0.09-0.00)2.00로써 이론적인 이중팔면체형 운모류 값보다 Si가 높고 K, Na, Ca는 낮다. 이 광상의 엽리상 석영맥에서 산출되는 백색운모의 화학조성 변화는 팬자이틱(phengitic) 또는 Tschermark 치환[(Al3+)VI+(Al3+)IV <-> (Fe2+ 또는 Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV] 및 직접적인 (Fe3+)VI <-> (Al3+)VI 치환에 의해 일어났음을 알 수 있다. 엽리상 석영맥에서 산출되는 녹니석의 화학조성은 (Mg1.11-0.80Fe3.69-3.14Mn0.01-0.00Zn0.01-0.00K0.07-0.01Na0.01-0.00Ca0.04-0.01Al1.66-1.09)5.75-5.69 (Si3.49-2.96Al1.04-0.51)4.00O10 (OH)8로써 이론적인 녹니석보다 Si 함량이 높다. 이 녹니석의 화학조성 변화는 팬자이틱(phengitic) 또는 Tschermark 치환(Al3+,VI+Al3+,IV <-> (Fe2+ 또는 Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV) 및 팔면체적 Fe2+ <-> Mg2+ (Mn2+) 치환에 의해 일어났음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 운산 광상의 엽리상 석영맥 및 변질광물은 조산운동 시 연성전단(ductile shear) 시기에 형성되었음을 알 수 있다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The Unsang gold deposit has been one of the three largest deposits (Daeyudong, Kwangyang) in Korea. The geology of this deposit consists of series of host rocks including Precambrian metasedimentary rock and Jurassic Porphyritic granite. The deposit consists of Au-bearing quartz veins which filled fractures along fault zones in Precambrian metasedimentary rock and Jurassic Porphyritic granite, which suggests that it is an orogenic-type deposit. Quartz veins are classified as 1) galena-quartz vein type, 2) pyrrhotite-quartz vein type, 3) pyrite-quartz vein type, 4) pegmatic quartz vein type, 5) muscovite-quartz vein type and 6) simple quartz vein type based on mineral assembles. The studied quartz vein is pyrite-quartz vein type which occurs as sericitization, chloritization and silicification. The white mica from stylolitic seams of laminated quartz vein occurs as fine or medium aggregate associated with white quartz, pyrite, chlorite, rutile, monazite, apatite, K-feldspar, zircon and calcite. The structural formular of white mica from laminated quartz vein is (K0.98-0.86Na0.02-0.00Ca0.01-0.00Ba0.01-0.00 Sr0.00)1.00-0.88(Al1.70-1.57Mg0.22-0.09Fe0.23-0.10Mn0.00Ti0.04-0.02Cr0.01-0.00V0.00Ni0.00)2.06-1.95 (Si3.38-3.17Al0.83-0.62)4.00O10(OH2.00-1.91F0.09-0.00)2.00. It indicated that white mica of laminated quartz vein has less K, Na and Ca, and more Si than theoretical dioctahedral micas. Compositional variations in white mica from laminated quartz vein are caused by phengitic or Tschermark substitution [(Al3+)VI+(Al3+)IV (Fe2+ or Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV] and direct (Fe3+)VI (Al3+)VI substitution. The structural formular of chlorite from laminated quartz vein is((Mg1.11-0.80Fe3.69-3.14Mn0.01-0.00Zn0.01-0.00K0.07-0.01Na0.01-0.00Ca0.04-0.01Al1.66-1.09)5.75-5.69 (Si3.49-2.96Al1.04-0.51)4.00O10 (OH)8. It indicated that chlorite of laminated quartz vein has more Si than theoretical chlorite. Compositional variations in chlorite from laminated quartz vein are caused by phengitic or Tschermark substitution (Al3+,VI+Al3+,IV (Fe2+ or Mg2+)VI+(Si4+)IV) and octahedral Fe2+ Mg2+ (Mn2+) substitution. Therefore, laminated quartz vein and alteration minerals of the Unsan Au deposit was formed during ductile shear stage of orogeny.

주제어

표/그림 (11)

그림 Fig. 1. Generalized geological map of the Unsan Au deposit, showing the orientation of the princi-pal quartz veins and faults (Modified after Koh et al., 2019; Yoo, 2020b).
그림 Fig. 2. Photographs, microphotograph and BSEs of laminated quartz vein sample and minerals representative for laminated quartz vein from the Unsan Au deposit. (a)-(b) stylolitic seams and pyrite in different laminated quartz vein (Yoo, 2020b), (c) photograph of polishing thin section for laminated quartz vein including white mica and chlorite (Yoo, 2020b), (d) microphotograph of laminated quartz vein including white mica and chlo-rite (Yoo, 2020b), (e) BSE of white mica, chlorite, rutile, pyrite and white quartz in laminated quartz vein, (f) closed-up white mica, chlorite, rutile, monazite, apatite and white quartz, (g)-(h) BSEs of white mica, chlo-rite, K-feldspar, rutile, monazite, zircon, calcite and white quartz in laminated quartz vein (Yoo, 2020b).
그림 Fig. 3. BSEs of white mica and chlorite crystals showing different phases (dark white mica and light white mica). Red circles indicate quantitative analysis points.
표 Table 1. Chemical composition of white mica from the Unsan Au deposit
그림 Fig. 4. Mica varieties in terms of Mg-Li vs. Fe+Mn+Ti-Al_vi (Modified after Tischendorf et al, 1997).
그림 Fig. 5. Compositional variations of white micas from the Unsan Au deposit (Modified after Craw and MacKenzie, 2016). Also are shown the Samgwang deposit (Yoo, 2020a), the Reefton goldfields (Christie and Brathwaite, 2003) and Macraes deposit (Craw and MacKenzie, 2016).
그림 Fig. 6. Compositional variation in white mica in terms of total Si (apfu) vs. Fe+Mg (apfu) (Modified after Christie and Brathwaite, 2003). Also are shown the Samgwang deposit (Yoo, 2020a)
그림 Fig. 7. Compositional variation in white mica from Unsan Au deposit. (a) total Al (apfu) vs. Fe+Mg+Mn (apfu), (b) total Al (apfu) vs. K+Na+2Ca (apfu), (c) total Al (apfu) vs. K/ (K+Na+2Ca) (apfu) (Modified after Cohen, 2011). Arrows represent compositional vectors for main substitution mechanisms and black open symbols represent end-member compositions. Also are shown the Samgwang deposit (Yoo, 2020a) and the Reefton goldfields (Christie and Brathwaite, 2003).
표 Table 2. Chemical compositions of chlorite from the Unsan Au deposit
그림 Fig. 8. Compositional diagram for chlorite from the Unsan Au deposit. (a) Al+□-Mg-Fe ternary dia-gram (Modified after Zane and Weiss, 1998; Yavuz et al., 2015), (b) ^VIR³⁺ (apfu) vs. Mg/ (Mg+Fe_tot) diagram (Modified after Plissart et al., 2009; Yavuz et al., 2015). Also are shown the Samgwang deposit (Yoo, 2020a) and the Reefton goldfields (Christie and Brathwaite, 2003).
그림 Fig. 9. Compositional variation in chlorite from the Unsan Au deposit. (a) Si (apfu) vs. Al^VI/(sum oct) diagram (Modified after Cohen, 2011), (b) Si (apfu) vs. Fe/(Fe+Mg+Mn) diagram (Modi-fied after Cohen, 2011). Dashed lines represent chlorite species divisions according to Foster (1962). Also are shown the Samgwang deposit (Yoo, 2020a) and the Reefton goldfields (Chris-tie and Brathwaite, 2003).

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