[논문]생육시기별 차광 처리에 의한 고구마 생육 및 수량성 평가

박원; 정미남; 남상식; 김태화; 이형운; 고산; 이임빈; 신운철

doi:10.7740/kjcs.2021.66.2.146

생육시기별 차광 처리에 의한 고구마 생육 및 수량성 평가
Evaluation of the Growth and Yield of Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) at Different Growth Stages under Low Light Intensity 원문보기

Korean journal of crop science = 韓國作物學會誌, v.66 no.2, 2021년, pp.146 - 154

박원 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 정미남 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 남상식 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 김태화 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 이형운 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 고산 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 이임빈 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소) , 신운철 (국립식량과학원 바이오에너지작물연구소)

초록
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최근 기상이변으로 인한 일조부족이 문제되어 작물의 수량 감소 피해가 발생하고 있다. 본 연구는 생육시기에 따라 차광량을 달리하여 고구마의 생육양상 및 수량 감소 정도를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 1. 생육시기별 차광률은 55% 차광 처리시 약 51%, 그리고 75% 차광 처리시에는 약 65% 수준의 차광률을 보였다. 차광처리에 의한 광계 II 암적응 최대양자수율(Fv/Fm) 조사 결과는 호감미와 진율미 두 품종 모두 대조구와 55% 차광 시험구는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고 75% 차광 시험구의 경우 대조구 보다 약간 높은 수치를 보였다. 2. 차광 처리 50일 경과 후 처리별 광합성에 이용되는 색소의 함량을 조사하였다. 호감미와 진율미 두 품종 모두 차광처리구의 엽록소 a와 b의 함량이 대조구에 비하여 유의적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 엽록소 b의 함량은 더 많은 비율로 증가 하였다. 호감미의 경우 대조구에 비하여 55%와 75% 차광처리구에서 각각 47%, 41% 증가하였고 진율미의 경우는 각각 39%, 34% 엽록소함량이 증가하였다. 3. 괴근형성기(정식 후 50일간)와 생육 중기(정식 후 50~90일 사이)에 차광처리 시 생육특성을 조사하였다. 지상부 및 지하부 건물중 역시 두 품종 모두 대조구에 비하여 차광 처리 시 감소하였다. 특히 괴근 형성기에 두 품종 모두 수량이 감소하였다. T/R율은 차광처리에 의하여 두 품종 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 괴근형성기 및 비대기에 일조량이 부족할 경우 두 품종 모두 전반적으로 괴근 형성 및 비대가 억제되는 경향을 보였다. 4. 수확 후 수량 조사 결과 두 품종 모두 생육시기별 차광 처리에 따라 괴근 비대가 저조한 양상을 띠었으며, 특히 호감미가 수량감소폭이 진율미에 비해 상대적으로 크게 나타났다. 또한 차광처리가 높을수록 수확량도 크게 감소되었다. 괴근 형성기와 괴근 비대성기에 비하여 괴근 비대기에 두 품종 모두 수량 감소의 큰 영향을 받았다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study was conducted to determine the degree of reduction in the yield of sweetpotato subjected to different shading treatments according to the growing season of the typical viscous sweetpotato 'Hogammi' and the powdery sweetpotato 'Jinyulmi'. Shading was provided using commercially available shading nets (55% and 75% shading level), and the treatments were applied at the following stages of storage root growth: SFS: the storage root formation stage (planting-50th day), SSS: the storage root swelling stage (50-90th day), and SAS: the storage root actively swelling Stage (90-120th day). The growth characteristics according to shading treatments during each growth period, the number of tubers obtained at harvest, and sugar contents were investigated. For both assessed cultivars, there was no significant difference between the control group and the 55% shading treated group with respect to the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II under different shading treatments, whereas the 75% shading group showed slightly higher values than the control group. In both cultivars, the contents of chlorophyll a and b tended to increase in plants subjected to shading treatments compared with the control plants, particularly that of chlorophyll b. Compared with the control group, the chlorophyll b content of 'Hogammi' subjected to 55% and 75% shading increased by 47% and 41%, respectively, whereas that of 'Jinyulmi' increased by 39% and 34%, respectively. We also detected reductions in the dry weights of the above- and belowground parts of the two varieties in response to shading compared with the control, with the reduction in the dry weight of belowground parts being significant. Furthermore, in both varieties, the T/R rate tended to increase in response to shading treatment. Owing to the lack of sunlight, both cultivars tended to suppress the formation and enlargement of tuber roots. Consequently, post-harvest yield analysis revealed that under shading treatments, both cultivars were characterized by poor tuber root growth according to growing season, with the yield of 'Hogammi' showing a greater reduction compared with that of 'Jinyulmi'. In addition, we found that the higher shading level also significantly reduced yields. Compared with the storage root formation and storage root actively swelling stages, shading treatments during the storage root swelling stage significantly affected yield reduction in both varieties.

주제어

표/그림 (8)

그림 Fig. 1. Monitoring of illumination intensity during the storage root growth stage. SFS: storage root formation stage (planting~50^th day) and SSS: storage root swelling stage (50–90^th day).
그림 Fig. 2. Effects of shading on the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry in sweetpotato. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0%, 55%, and 75%). Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the plants were measured at the different storage root growth stages. SFS: storage root formation stage (planting~50^th day), SSS: storage root swelling stage (50–90^th day). Values are the averages of three replicates ± SD. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant difference at P < 0.05, as determined using Tukey’s test.
그림 Fig. 3. Effects of shading on the pigment contents in sweetpotato. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0, 55%, and 75%). The pigment content in plants were measured on the 50th day after commencing shading treatment. Values are the averages of three replicates ± SD. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences at P < 0.05, as determined using Tukey’s test.
그림 Fig. 4. Root formation patterns under different shading treatments at different growth stages (SFS: storage root formation stage (planting~50^th day) and SSS: storage root swelling stage (50–90^thday).
표 Table 1. Effects of shading on the growth pattern of sweetpotato during the storage root formation stage. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0%, 55%, and 75%) and growth patterns were measured on the 50^th day after commencing shading treatments.
표 Table 2. Effects of shading on the growth patterns of sweetpotato during the storage root swelling stage. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0%, 55%, and 75%) during the storage root swelling stage (50–90^th day after planting) and growth patterns were determined.
표 Table 3. Effects of shading treatments on the productivity of sweetpotato. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0%, 55%, and 75%) and productivity indices were determined at different storage root growth stages.
표 Table 4. Effect of shading treatments on the soluble sugar contents in sweetpotato. Sweetpotato plants were grown under different shading treatments (0%, 55% and 75%) and soluble sugar contents were determined at different storage root growth stages.

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