[논문]일본잎갈나무 천연갱신지의 종자 결실 및 벌채 유형별 종자 비산 특성

정준모; 김현섭; 정상훈

doi:10.14578/jkfs.2021.110.3.295

일본잎갈나무 천연갱신지의 종자 결실 및 벌채 유형별 종자 비산 특성
Seed Fructification and Seed Dispersal Characteristics by Harvest Types in Natural Regeneration Sites of Larix kaempferi 원문보기

한국산림과학회지 = Journal of korean society of forest science, v.110 no.3, 2021년, pp.295 - 307

정준모 (국립산림과학원 산림기술경영연구소) , 김현섭 (산림청 산림정책과) , 정상훈 (국립산림과학원 산림기술경영연구소)

초록
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본 연구는 일본잎갈나무 인공림에서 천연하종갱신을 이용한 후계림 조성 방법을 제안하고자 수행되었다. 이를 위해 2016년 경기도 가평에 모수작업과 개벌작업을 실시하여 시험지를 조성하고, 2014년에 조성된 경상북도 봉화의 시험지와 함께 천연갱신지의 종자결실 및 종자낙하 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 결실이 좋은 해에 V영급 일본잎갈나무의 개체 목당 종자 수는 690,340립이며, 모수가 ha당 25본인 일본잎갈나무 천연갱신지에서는 ha당 1,380만립의 종자가 결실되는 것으로 추정되었다. 종자의 비산은 9월부터 시작되었으며, 11월까지 낙하된 종자의 발아율은 종자품질 기준인 40%를 넘는 것으로 나타났다. 갱신유형별 종자 낙하량은 보잔목작업, 모수작업, 개벌작업 순이었고, 보잔목작업이 종자의 균등한 비산에 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 일본잎갈나무의 천연갱신을 위한 벌채와 갱신상 조성 시기는 종자가 비산하는 9월 이전이 효과적이고, 보잔목작업이 균일한 종자공급에 유리한 방법인 것으로 판단된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study proposed a field-applicable natural regeneration method using natural seeding to afforest a secondary growth forest after felling in Larix kaempferi plantations. In 2016, an experimental site was established usingseed-tree and clear-cutting methods in Gapyeong, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. Characteristics of seed fructification and inflow in the natural regeneration site were analyzed along with an experimental site in Bonghwa, Gyeongsangbuk-do, which was established in 2014. As a result, the number of seeds per individual tree of V age class L. kaempferi was 690,340 seeds in a good year, with an estimated 13.8 million seeds per ha fruited in natural regeneration sites of L. kaempferi with 25 seed-trees per ha. Seed dispersal began in September and germination rates of seeds dispersed until November were greater than 40%. Reserved seed-tree sites showed the highest amount of seed inflow, followed by the seed-tree site and clear-cut site in descending order. The reserved seed-tree method performed better than other methods for evenly scattering seeds. Therefore, the timing of logging and seedbed generation for natural regeneration of L. kaempferi is estimated to be most effective before September when seeds are purposefully scattered using the reserved seed-tree method as an effective method for uniform seed supply.

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표/그림 (20)

그림 Figure 1. Location of Gapyeong(L) and Bonghwa(R) experimental site.
그림 Figure 2. Wind direction and speed of seed scattering seasons in Gapyeong(L) and Bonghwa(R) experimental site.
표 Table 1. Geographical features in Gapyeong and Bonghwa experimental sites.
표 Table 2. Forest stand conditions of Larix kaempferi in Gapyeong and Bonghwa experimental site before harvest.
표 Table 3. Treatments for natural regeneration in Gapyeong and Bonghwa experimental sites.
표 Table 4. Growth characteristics of sample trees for cone and seed productivity survey by individual tree in Gapyeong site.
그림 Figure 3. Quantity of cones for Ⅴ age-class Larix kaempferi individual tree in study site of Gapyeong.
표 Table 5. Estimated seed productivity per individual tree of Ⅴage-class Larix kaempferi in Gapyeong experimental site.
그림 Figure 4. Number of seed inflow in Gapyeong and Bonghwa experimental site by month (Sep. 2016~Apr. 2017).
그림 Figure 5. Annual variation of seed fall amount by cutting methods in Gapyeong experimental site.
그림 Figure 6. Annual variation of seed fall amount by cutting methods in Bonghwa experimental site.
그림 Figure 7. Comparision of seed year and quantity of seed collected among Gapyeong study site, Bonghwa study site, national forest and seed orchard. * Managed forest of Korea Forest Service (KFS) ** Seed orchard of National Forest Seed and Variety Center(NFSV)
그림 Figure 8. Seed fall pattern of seed-tree method in Gapyeong(L) and Bonghwa(R) experimental site (Sep. 2016~Apr. 2017). Small letters indicate significant differences among distances with in same seasons (P<0.05).
그림 Figure 9. Seed fall pattern of reserve seed-tree method in Gapyeong(L) and Bonghwa(R) experimental site (Sep. 2016~Apr. 2017). Small letters indicate significant differences among distances with in same seasons (P<0.05).
그림 Figure 10. Seed fall pattern of strip-cutting method in Gapyeong(L) and Bonghwa(R) experimental site (Sep. 2016~Apr. 2017). Small letters indicate significant differences among distances with in same seasons (P<0.05).
그림 Figure 11. Seed fall pattern of patch-cutting method by seed good year(L) and poor year(R) in Bonghwa experimental site. Seed good and poor years are 2016~2017 and 2017~2018, respectively. Small letters indicate significant differences among distances with in same seasons(P<0.05).
표 Table 6. Comparison of unifromity of seed inflow by year at the study site using coefficient of variation (CV).
표 Table 7. Comparison of the uniformity of seed inflow by natural regeneration methods of the study site using the coefficient of variation (Sep. 2016~Apr. 2017).
표 Table 8. Thousand seeds weight(g) of Larix kaempferi by month during the seed dispersal season in the study sites.
표 Table 9. Comparison of germination rate(%) of Larix kaempferi seeds collected monthly at the season of seed dispersal in the study sites.

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