[논문]사면 경사도가 있는 뒷채움토와 지반특성을 고려한 역T형 옹벽의 지진시 취약도 평가

서환우; 김병민; 박두희

doi:10.12652/ksce.2021.41.5.0533

사면 경사도가 있는 뒷채움토와 지반특성을 고려한 역T형 옹벽의 지진시 취약도 평가
Seismic Fragility Evaluation of Inverted T-type Wall with a Backfill Slope Considering Site Conditions 원문보기

KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research = 대한토목학회논문집, v.41 no.5, 2021년, pp.533 - 541

서환우 (울산과학기술원 도시환경공학부) , 김병민 (울산과학기술원 도시환경공학부) , 박두희 (한양대학교 건설환경공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

옹벽 구조물은 철도, 도로, 원자력 발전소, 댐, 하천 시설 등 토압 저항을 통한 사면 붕괴방지에 활용된다. 동토압 산정 및 지진시 거동에 대한 특성을 파악하기 위해 많은 연구자들은 다양한 수치해석 프로그램(FLAC, PLAXIS, ABAQUS 등)을 활용하여 동적 하중에 대한 구조물과 지반의 비선형 거동을 분석하고 있다. 또한, 구조물의 지진에 대한 안전성을 확보하기 위해 지진취약도 곡선을 산정하여 확률론적 지진안전성 평가를 수행하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 수치해석프로그램 FLAC2D를 활용하여 뒷채움토의 사면 경사도가 있는 역T형 옹벽의 지진거동 특성을 파악하고, 옹벽 벽체의 상대적인 수평변위를 고려하여 지진취약도 평가를 수행하였다. 다양한 지진하중을 고려하기 위해 암반에서 계측된 7개의 지진파를 활용하여 각 지반특성 별(S2, S4) 비선형 지반응답해석을 수행하였고, 산정된 지진파의 크기를 5가지(0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9 g의 최대지반가속도)로 조정하였다. 본 연구에 활용된 수치해석 모델은 다른 수치해석결과와 실험결과, 주동토압 산정식을 활용하여 비교 검증하였다. 옹벽 높이에 대한 상대수평변위를 손상지수로 고려하여 옹벽의 손상상태를 결정하여 지진취약도 곡선을 산정하였다. 상대적으로 깊고 토층 평균 전단파 속도가 느린 S4 지반에서 S2 지반보다 옹벽 벽체의 수평 변위에 대한 지진취약도가 크게 산정되었음을 확인하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Retaining walls have been used to prevent slope failure through resistance of earth pressure in railway, road, nuclear power plant, dam, and river infrastructure. To calculate dynamic earth pressure and determine the characteristics for seismic behavior, many researchers have analyzed the nonlinear response of ground and structure based on various numerical analyses (FLAC, PLAXIS, ABAQUS etc). In addition, seismic fragility evaluation is performed to ensure safety against earthquakes for structures. In this study, we used the FLAC2D program to understand the seismic response of the inverted T-type wall with a backfill slope, and evaluated seismic fragility based on relative horizontal displacements of the wall. Nonlinear site response analysis was performed for each site (S2 and S4) using the seven ground motions to calculate various seismic loadings reflecting site characteristics. The numerical model was validated based on other numerical models, experiment results, and generalized formula for dynamic active earth pressure. We also determined the damage state and damage index based on the height of retaining wall, and developed the seismic fragility curves. The damage probabilities of the retaining wall for the S4 site were computed to be larger than those for the S2 site.

주제어

표/그림 (20)

그림 Fig. 1. Response Spectra for the Seven Ground Motions Measured at Rock Outcrops
표 Table 1. Information about the Seven Ground Motions Used in This Study
그림 Fig. 2. V_S Profiles and Geotechnical Boring Logs for S2 and S4 Sites. (a) V_S Profiles for S2 Site; (b) Representative V_S Profiles and Geotechnical Boring Log for S2 Site; (c) V_S Profiles for S4 Site; (d) Representative V_S Profiles and Geotechnical Boring log for S4 Site
그림 Fig. 3. Normalized Response Spectra Computed by 1-D Nonlinear Site Response Analyses for the S2 and S4 Sites
그림 Fig. 4. Inverted T-type Retaining Wall and Soil Modeling Used in This Study
표 Table 2. Soil and Retaining Wall Properties Used in This Study
그림 Fig. 5. 5 % Damped Acceleration Response Spectra Computed by FLAC2D and DEEPSOIL Using Motions with PGAs of (a) 0.006 g, (b) 0.11 g, (c) 0.30 g, and (d) 0.33 g
표 Table 3. Properties of the Interface Elements between the Retaining Wall and Backfill Soil
그림 Fig. 7. Static Lateral Earth Pressures with Depth Calculated by FLAC2D (This Study), FLAC3D (Lee et al., 2015), and Those Measured by the Centrifuge Test (Jo et al., 2014). The Theoretical Lateral Earth Pressures for at-rest and Rankine and Coulomb Active Conditions are also Compared
그림 Fig. 8. Velocity Time Series Computed from the FLAC2D and Measured from the Centrifuge Test at (a) The Top of Stem, (b) The Top of Active Wedge, and (c) Free Field (Corresponding to Locations 1, 2, and 3, Respectively, in Fig. 6)
표 Fig. 6. FLAC2D Model for an Inverted T-type Retaining Wall. Locations 1, 2, and 3 are at the Top of Stem, Top of Active Wedge, and Free Field, Respectively
표 Table 4. Properties of the Soil and Retaining Wall Considered by Lee et al.(2015) for the FLAC3D Model
그림 Fig. 9. Relative Wall Displacements and Settlements of the Backfill Soil Calculated by FLAC2D (This Study) and FLAC3D (Lee et al., 2015)
그림 Fig. 10. Potential fAilure Surface and Wedge of the FLAC2DRetaining Wall Model and the Location for HorizontalSeismic Coefficient (kh) and Vertical Seismic Coefficient (kv)
그림 Fig. 11. Time Series of Horizontal and Vertical Seismic Coefficientfrom the Ground Motions of the 2016 GyeongjuEarthquake (a and c) and the 1986 North Palm SpringsEarthquake (b and d)
그림 Fig. 12. Lateral Earth Pressure Calculated by the FLAC2D Analyses (This Study) and Kim et al.(2010)
그림 Fig. 13. Horizontal and Vertical Displacements of the Retaining Wall Model Under two Scaled Seismic Loadings (a and b: Gyeongju Earthquake and c and d: North Palm Spring Earthquake) with a PGA of 0.3 g and for the S2 Site Condition
그림 Fig. 14. Relative Horizontal Wall Displacements Against PGAs of Ground Motions Considering Two Site Conditions
그림 Fig. 15. Seismic Fragility Curves for Relative Horizontal Displacement of Retaining Wall for the Two Site Conditions
표 Table 5. Parameters of Lognormal Distribution Used to Calculate the Fragility Curves

참고문헌 (23)

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상세보기
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