[논문]수용체 모델(PMF)를 이용한 서울시 대기 중 VOCs의 배출원에 따른 위해성평가

권승미; 최유리; 박명규; 이호준; 김광래; 유승성; 조석주; 신진호; 신용승; 이철민

doi:10.5668/jehs.2021.47.5.384

수용체 모델(PMF)를 이용한 서울시 대기 중 VOCs의 배출원에 따른 위해성평가
Health Risk Assessment with Source Apportionment of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in Seoul by Positive Matrix Factorization 원문보기

韓國環境保健學會誌 = Journal of environmental health sciences, v.47 no.5, 2021년, pp.384 - 397

권승미 (서경대학교 환경화학공학과) , 최유리 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 박명규 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 이호준 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 김광래 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 유승성 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 조석주 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 신진호 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 신용승 (서울특별시보건환경연구원) , 이철민 (서경대학교 환경화학공학과)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Background: With volatile organic compounds (VOCs) containing aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene that can adversely affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems when a certain concentration is reached, it is important to accurately evaluate the source and the corresponding health risk effects. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide scientific evidence for the city of Seoul's VOC reduction measures by confirming the risk of each VOC emission source. Methods: In 2020, 56 VOCs were measured and analyzed at one-hour intervals using an online flame ionization detector system (GC-FID) at two measuring stations in Seoul (Gangseo: GS, Bukhansan: BHS). The dominant emission source was identified using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, and health risk assessment was performed on the main components of VOCs related to the emission source. Results: Gasoline vapor and vehicle combustion gas are the main sources of emissions in GS, a residential area in the city center, and the main sources are solvent usage and aged VOCs in BHS, a greenbelt area. The risk index ranged from 0.01 to 0.02, which is lower than the standard of 1 for both GS and BHS, and was an acceptable level of 5.71×10-7 to 2.58×10-6 for carcinogenic risk. Conclusions: In order to reduce the level of carcinogenic risk to an acceptable safe level, it is necessary to improve and reduce the emission sources of vehicle combustion and solvent usage, and eco-car policies are judged to contribute to the reduction of combustion gas as well as providing a response to climate change.

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표/그림 (15)

그림 Fig. 1. VOCs measurement locations in Seoul *GS: Gangseo, †BHS: Bukhansan
표 Table 1. Measurement methods and cut-off ranges of valid observation
표 Table 2. Summary of the measurements of the study chemicals
그림 Fig. 2. Diurnal variations in mean TVOC concentrations at Gangseo and Bukhansan in 2020
그림 Fig. 3. Monthly variations in mean TVOC concentrations at Gangseo and Bukhansan in 2020
그림 Fig. 4. Ozone generation contribution rate (a) and Concentration ratio (b) by compound of VOCs at Gangseo in 2020
표 Table 3. Measurments of VOCs in 2020 by sampling station and season (μg/m³)
그림 Fig. 5. Ozone generation contribution rate (a) and Concentration ratio (b) by compound of VOCs at Bukhansan in 2020
그림 Fig. 6. The annual (a) and seasonal distributions of VOC’s main source apportionments at Gangseo (b) and Bukhansan (c) (%) *GS: Gangseo, †BHS: Bukhansan
그림 Fig. 7. The seasonal factor profiles : concentrations (μg/m³) of species and % of species sum in 2020 at Gangseo
그림 Fig. 8. The seasonal factor profiles : concentrations (μg/m³) of species and % of species sum in 2020 at Bukhansan
표 Table 4. Key regression measures: Slope, intercept, and R-squared of TVOC from annual, site-by-site, and seasonal univariate statistical analysis in 2020 in Gangseo and Bukhansan
표 Table 5. The risk assessment result for source apportionments in Gangseo and Bukhansan
그림 Fig. 9. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of hazardous VOC species at Gangseo in 2020 *GS: Gangseo
그림 Fig. 10. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of hazardous VOC species at Bukhansan in 2020 *BHS: Bukhansan

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