[논문]기상청 국가태풍센터의 태풍 베스트트랙 생산체계 소개

김진연; 황승언; 김성수; 오임용; 함동주

doi:10.14191/atmos.2022.32.4.381

기상청 국가태풍센터의 태풍 베스트트랙 생산체계 소개
Algorithms for Determining Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA)'s Official Typhoon Best Tracks in the National Typhoon Center 원문보기

대기 = Atmosphere, v.32 no.4, 2022년, pp.381 - 394

김진연 (기상청 국가태풍센터) , 황승언 (국립기상과학원 기후연구부) , 김성수 (기상청 국가태풍센터) , 오임용 (항공기상청 제주공항기상대) , 함동주 (기상청 국가태풍센터)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) National Typhoon Center has been officially releasing reanalyzed best tracks for the previous year's northwest Pacific typhoons since 2015. However, while most typhoon researchers are aware of the data released by other institutions, such as the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) Tokyo, they are often unfamiliar with the KMA products. In this technical note, we describe the best track data released by KMA, and the algorithms that are used to generate it. We hope that this will increase the usefulness of the data to typhoon researchers, and help raise awareness of the product. The best track reanalysis process is initiated when the necessary database of observations-which includes satellite, synoptic, ocean, and radar observations-has become complete for the required year. Three categories of best track information-position (track), intensity (maximum sustained winds and central pressure), and size (radii of high-wind areas)-are estimated based on scientific processes. These estimates are then examined by typhoon forecasters and other internal and external experts, and issued as an official product when final approval has been given.

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표/그림 (15)

그림 Fig. 1. Period of forecast and reanalysis during the life cycle of a typhoon (aTD, analysis Tropical Depression; fTD, forecast Tropical Depression; TS, Tropical Strom; STS, Severe Tropical Storm; TY, Typhoon; L, Extratropical Cyclone).
표 Table 1. Intensity scale and categories of tropical cyclones.
표 Table 2. The format of the best track data produced by the National Typhoon Center, and an example for typhoon Bavi, which occurred in 2020.
표 Table 3. Summary of the typhoon best track format of the National Typhoon Center.
그림 Fig. 2. Timeline of decision-making for the typhoon best tracks.
그림 Fig. 3. Timeline (years) showing the development of TOS and the components of TOS. TOS, Typhoon Operation System.
표 Table 4. Year-to-year changes in the format of the best track data produced by the National Typhoon Center.
표 Table 5. Observing systems used to reanalyze typhoon best tracks.
그림 Fig. 4. Schematic diagram depicting the procedures for locating the center of a typhoon during the reanalysis process.
그림 Fig. 5. Intensity (central pressure) evolution for typhoon Mirinae. The blue stars represent the GTS data, and the three lines show analyses of central pressure (intensity) in the typhoon. The final reanalysis is shown by the red line. GTS, Global Telecommunications System; SAREP, Satellite Report; SDT, Subjective Dvorak Technique.
그림 Fig. 6. Time series of the longest and shortest radii (size of the typhoon) for 15 ms^-1 winds around the center of typhoon Surigae. The sky-blue triangles and blue stars in the middle denote the times of the data from the satellite microwave sensors used to determine the radii. The upper part shows the confirmed longest and shortest radii superimposed on ASCAT images at corresponding times. ASCAT, Advanced SCATterometer.
그림 Fig. 7. Scatter plots of the difference of typhoon positions between (a) KMA and RSMC, (b) KMA and JTWC, and (c) RSMC and JTWC. The green, blue, and red dots indicate occurrences greater than 0, 5, and 40, respectively. KMA, Korea Meteorological Administration; RSMC, Regional Specialized Meteorological Center; JTWC, Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
그림 Fig. 8. Scatter plots of typhoon central pressure between (a) KMA and RSMC, (b) KMA and JTWC, and (c) RSMC and JTWC. KMA, Korea Meteorological Administration; RSMC, Regional Specialized Meteorological Center; JTWC, Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
그림 Fig. 9. The same as Fig. 8 but for the wind speed. KMA, Korea Meteorological Administration; RSMC, Regional Specialized Meteorological Center; JTWC, Joint Typhoon Warning Center.
표 Table 6. Summaries of the differences in the best track data formats from three tropical cyclone forecasting centers, for the western North Pacific basin as of 2015.

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