[논문]제설제에 노출된 서울시내 도로 시설물의 열화 환경 분석

윤인석

doi:10.11112/jksmi.2022.26.1.1

[국내논문] 제설제에 노출된 서울시내 도로 시설물의 열화 환경 분석
Evaluation on De-Icing Salts Laden Environment of Road in Seoul 원문보기

한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 = Journal of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection, v.26 no.1, 2022년, pp.1 - 9

윤인석 (인덕대학교)

초록
AI-Helper

제설제는 동절기 도로 위의 눈을 녹이기 위하여 사용되고 있으나, 서울과 같은 대도시에서 교통이 밀집한 도로 시설물의 열화를 촉진시키는 주요 요인 중의 하나이다. 도로 시설물의 합리적인 유지관리 전략을 수립하기 위하여 제설제에 노출된 도로 시설물의 환경분석이 필요하다. 본 연구는 서울시의 적설량 및 사용된 제설제량을 토대로 외래 염소농도를 계산하였다. 평균 표면 염소이온량을 구하고자 서울시의 5년간 기후환경 및 제설제 사용량을 이용하였으며, 주간선 및 보조간선율 17.5 ~ 30%, 제설제 노출 유효면적율 50 ~ 80% 수준에서 검토하였는데, 농축 속도는 0.073~ 0.077%/년, 최대 표면 염소이온량은 콘크리트 중량대비 2.2 ~ 2.31% 수준이었다. 본 연구결과는 염소이온 프로파일의 예측 또는 콘크리트 구체의 화학적 부식정도 등으로 종합적인 유지관리 대책을 수립하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

De -icing salts have been used commonly in areas where snow or ice is a seasonal safety hazard for roadway, however, the salts is one of main causes on serious deterioration of road infrastructures in crowded urban city like Seoul. In order to establish maintenance strategy of road infrastructures under de-icing salts laden environment, it is necessary to examine environmental characteristics and its response to the existing facilities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the deterioration environment of road infrastructures. Additional purpose is to develop a design model and details for durability design of infrastructures under de-icing salts laden environment, considering mainly a build-up rate of surface chlorides. Concentration of external chloride solution and surface chloride content were calculated at the level of average de-icing salts for 5 years, ratio of auxiliary road of 17.5 to 30%, and effective exposure area to snow 50 to 80%. The chloride build-up rate was 0.073 ~ 0.077% / year and the maximum surface chloride content was calculated to be 2.2 ~ 2.31% by concrete wt. This study is expected to be used for establishing integrated strategy of road infrastructures, such as predicting chloride profiles or degree of chemical corrosion to exposure concrete.

주제어

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1 Various types of deterioration of road infrastructures due to de-icing salts
그림 Fig. 2 CaCl₂-Ca(OH)₂-H₂O phase diagram for different Ca(OH₂) / CaCl₂ molar ratios (Rm) developed from Farnametal.(2015b)
표 Table 1 Experimental program for simulating deterioration of concrete due to de-icing chemicals
그림 Fig. 3 Amount of snow cover vs. amount of de-icing salts sprayed to roads in Seoul for 5 years
그림 Fig. 4 Concentration of external chloride solution melted from de-icing salt on the road with exposure area A_ex and ratio of arterial road A_tr for last 5years
그림 Fig. 5 Maximum chloride content of concrete with external chloride concentration
표 Table 2 Level of corrosion environment by means of surface chloride content
그림 Fig. 7 Chloride build-up rate to form maximum chloride content in concrete with w/c ratio
그림 Fig. 6 Chloride levels, by region of North America (Life 365 2018)
표 Table 3 Surface chloride content (C_s)of concrete with time
그림 Fig. 8 Comparison between calculation and experiment
그림 Fig. 9 Comparison of maximum chloride content of this study with other literatures
그림 Fig. 10 Average value of surface chloride content of concrete road in Seoul
표 Table 4 Mix proportion of concrete samples

참고문헌 (38)

ASTM C 672 / 672 M (2012), Standard Test Method for Scaling Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to Deicing Chemicals, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
Arora, P., Popov, B. N., Haran, B., Ramasubramanian, M., Popova, S., and White, R. E. (1997), Corrosion Initiation Time of Steel Reinforcement in a Chloride Environment - A One Dimensional Solution, Corrosion Science, 39(4), 739-759.

상세보기
Bazant, Z. P. (1979), Physical Model for Steel Corrosion in Concrete Sea Structure - Application, Journal of Structure, Div., ASCE, 105(6)1137-1153.
Berke, N (2013), Environmental Degradation of Reinforced Concrete, Handbook of Environmental Degradation of Materials (eds. Kutz, M.), Third Edition, Elsevier Inc. 3rd Edition.
Berke, N. S., and Hicks, M. C. (1992), The While Life Cycle of Reinforced Concrete Decks and Marine Piles using Laboratory Diffusion and Corrosion Data," In Corrosion Forms and Control for Infrastructures, Chaker, V. (Eds.), ASTM STP 1137, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 207-231.
Bu, Y, Luo, D., Weiss, W. J. (2014), Using Fick's Second Law and Nernst Plank Approach in Predicting of Chloride Ingress in Concrete Materials, Advances in Civil Engineering Materials, 3(1).
CEB Belletin d'Information No.243 (1998), Strategies for Testing and Assessment of Concrete Structures, CEB-FIP, May,142-149.
Farnam, Y., Bentz, D., Hampton, A., and Weiss, W. J. (2015a), Acoustic Emission and Low temperature Calorimetry Study of Freeze and Thaw Behavior in Cementitious Materials Exposed to Sodium Chloride Salts, Transportation Research Record, 2441, 81-90.
Farnam, Y., Dick, S., Wiese A., Davis, J., Bentz, D., and Weiss, W. J. (2015b), The Influence of Calcium Chloride Deicing Salt on Phase Changes and Damage Development in Cementitious Materials, Cement and Concrete Composites, 64, 1-15.

상세보기
Greenspan, L. (1997), Humidity Fixed Points of Binary Saturated Aqueous Solutions, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Stands A: Physics and Chemistry, 81, 89-96.
Henriksen, C., Ladefoged, L., and Thaulow, N. (1996), Concrete Specifications for New Bridges, Bridge Management, 3, Harding, J. E., Parke, G. A. R., and Ryall, M. J. (Eds.), E & FN SPON, 125-137.
Jain, J., Olek, J., Janusz, A., and Jozwiak-Niedzwiedzka, D. (2012), Effects of Deicing Salt Solutions on Physical Properties of Pavement Concretes, Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2290, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, 69-75.
JSCE (1999), Concrete Standard Specification, Part of Durability (in Japanese language).
Kassir, M. K., and Ghosn, M. (2002), Chloride-induced Corrosion of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks, Cement and Concrete Research, 32, 139-143.

상세보기
Lee, C. S., Yoon, I. S., and Park, J. H. (2003), Prediction of Time to Corrosion for Concrete Bridge Decks Exposed to De-icing Chemicals, Journal of Korea Concrete Institute, 15(4), 610-618.
Life-365 Consortium III (2018), Life-365 Service Life Prediction Model and Computer Program for Predicting the Service Life and Life-Cycle Cost of Reinforced Concrete Exposed to Chlorides, Version 2.2.3, 70.
MTO Test Method LS-412 (1997), Method of Test for Scaling Reistance of Cocnrete Surfaces Exposed to Deicing Chemicals, Ministry of Transportation, Ontario.
Nilsson, L.-O, Sandberg, P., Poulsen, E., Tang, L., and Anderson, A. (1997), A System of Estimation of Chloride Ingress into Background, Frederiksen, J. M. (Eds.), HETEK-Report No.83, Danish Road Directorate, Copenhagen.
Peterson, K., Julio-Betancourt, Sutter, L., Hooton, D., Dam, T.V., Johnson, D., (2013), Observations of Chloride Ingress and Calcium Oxychloride Formation in Laboratory Concrete and Mortat at 5 ℃, Cement and Concrete Research, 45(1), 79-90.
RILEM TC 117-FDC (1996), CDF Test - Test Method for the Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Concrete- Tests with Sodlium Chloride Solution (CDF), prepared by Setzer, M. J., Fagerlund, G., and Janssen, D. J., Materials and Structures, Vol.29, pp.523-528.
Seoul Safety General Office (2020), Promotion Results of Snow Remova for 2019/2020, Department of Road Maintenance, Seoul Metropolitan Government, No.4988 (in Korean).
Suraneni, S., Azad, V. J., Isgor, O. B., Weiss, W. J. (2016), Calcium Oxychloride Formation in Paste Containing Supplementary Cementitious materials: Thoughts on the Role of Cement and Supplementary Cementitious Materials Reactivity, RILEM Technical Letters, 1, 24-30.
Svensk Standard SS 13 72 44 (2005), Concrete Testing - Hardened Concrete - Scaling at Freezing, Swedish Standards Institute.
Takeda, N., Sogo, S., Sakoda, S., and Idemitu, T. (1998), An Experimental Study on Penetration of Chloride Ions into Concrete and Corrosion of Reinforcing Bars in Various Marine Environments," Journal of JSCE, 40(599).
Taylor, P., Sutter, L., Weiss, W. J. (2012), Investigation of Deterioration of Joints in Concrete Pavements, Report in Trans Project 09-361.
Troive, S., Optimum of LCC of Concrete Bridges, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Uji, K., Matsudaka, Y., and Maruya, T. (1990), Formulation of an Equation for Surface Chloride Content of Concrete Due to Permeation of Chloride, Corrosion of Reinforcement in Concrete, Page, C. L., Treadaway, K. W., Page, J. V., and Bamforth, P. B. (Eds.), Elsevier Applied Science, New York, 258-267.
Valenza Il, J. K., Scherer, G. W. (2006), Mechanism for Salt Scaling, Journal of American Ceramic Society, 84(4), 1161-1179.
Van Breugel, K. (1991), Simulation of Hydration and Formation of Structures in Hardening Cement-Based Materials, Ph.D Dissertation, TU Delft, the Netherlands.
Villani, C., Spragg, R., Pour-Ghaz, M., Weiss, W. J. (2014 a), The Influence of Pore Solutions Properties on Drying in Cementitious Materials," Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 97(2), 386-393.

상세보기
Villani, C., Nantung, T. E., Weiss, W. J. (2014 b), The Influence of De-icing Salt Exposure on the Gas Transport in Cementitious Materials, Construction and Building Materials, 67, Part A, 107-114..
Vu, K. A. T., and Stewart M. G. (2000), Structural Reliability of Concrete Bridges including Improved Chloride-induced Corrosion Models, Structure Safety, 22(4), 313-333.
Weast, R. C., and Astle, M. J. (Eds.) (1982), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 63rd, pp.299, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, F-154.
Wee, T. H., Wong, S. F., Swaddiwudhipong, S., and Lee, S. L. (1998), A Prediction Method of Long-Term Chloride Concentration Profiles in Hardened Cement Matrix Materials, ACI Materials Journal, 94(6), November-December, 565-576.
Weyers, R. E., Fitch, M. G., Laren, E. P., Al-Quadi, I. L., Chamberlin, W. P., and Hoffman, P. C. (1992), Service Life Estimates, SHRP-S-XXX, SHRP, National Research Council, Washington D. C.
Weyers, R. E., Fitch Michael, G., Larsen Erin, P., Al-Qadi Imad, L., Chamberlin, W. P., and Hoffman, P. C. (1994), Concrete Bridge Protection and Rehabilitation: Chemical and Physical Techniques, Service Life Estimates, SHRP-S-668, Strategic Highway Research Program, Washington, 155-164.
Seoul metropolitan government (2020), (website) http://data.seoul.go.kr/dataList/251/C/2/datasetView.do
Yoon, I. S., and Nam, J. W. (2014), Influence of Chloride Content on Electrical Resistivity in Concrete, Journal of the Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection, 18(6), 90-96.

저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증