[논문]산화질소 대사체 함유 마늘 발효 추출물 이용 혈관성 치매 흰쥐 모델의 기억력 및 신경가소성 장애 개선 효과

장소영; 문세진; 김유지; 정선오; 김민선

doi:10.15188/kjopp.2022.04.36.2.59

산화질소 대사체 함유 마늘 발효 추출물 이용 혈관성 치매 흰쥐 모델의 기억력 및 신경가소성 장애 개선 효과
Effect of Fermented Garlic Extract Containing Nitric Oxide Metabolites on Impairments of Memory and of Neural Plasticity in Rat Model of Vascular Dementia 원문보기

동의생리병리학회지 = Journal of physiology & pathology in Korean Medicine, v.36 no.2, 2022년, pp.59 - 65

장소영 (원광대학교 의과대학 생리학교실) , 문세진 (원광대학교 의과대학 생리학교실) , 김유지 (원광대학교 의과대학 생리학교실) , 정선오 (원광대학교 의과대학 생리학교실) , 김민선 (원광대학교 의과대학 생리학교실)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Rodent model for chronic cerebral hypoperfusion caused by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) show clinically relevant evidences for vascular dementia and impairments of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of fermented garlic (F-Garlic) extract with NO metabolites on cognitive behaviors, synaptic plasticity, and molecular events in the hippocampus following BCAO. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided three experimental groups into: control+water; BCAO+water; BCAO+F-Garlic. Animals were treated with oral administration of F-Garlic in tap water as a drinking water after surgery for 4 weeks. On passive avoidance test and Y-maze test, BCAO+water showed a significant decrease in step-through latency and spontaneous alteration, indicating deficit of hippocampal memory formation but the treatment of F-Garlic significantly increased these cognitive behaviors. In control+water, a robust increase in the amplitude of evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potentials was observed by theta burst stimulation to hippocampal neural circuit indicating formation of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal CA1. BCAO+water showed a highly significant deficit in LTP induction 4 weeks after BCAO. On other hand, daily oral administration of F-Garlic extract caused the marked preservation of LTP induction. Moreover, parvalbumin was markedly reduced in the CA1, especially, in the stratum radiatum of BCAO+water. In contrast, BCAO+F-Garlic mitigate a significantly reduction of the parvalbumin. In summary, these results suggest that daily oral administration of F-Garlic extract can ameliorate cognitive memory deficit through the preservation of synaptic plasticity and interneurons integrity in the hippocampus in rodent model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

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표/그림 (8)

그림 Fig. 1. Representative diagrams showing changes of blood flow recorded by a laser Doppler flow meter from cerebral cortex following the oral administration of either saline or F Garlic extract. Arrow head indicates the time point of ether saline or F garlic extract treatment
그림 Fig. 2. Changes of passive avoidance performance in three experimental groups. A. Schematic diagram of passive avoidance apparatus in which electrical direct current shock (0.3mA, 3sec) was given to foot of animal in order to formation of memory. Step through latency as a retention memory ability was measured 24 hours after post-training. Values are mean ± S.D. of 10 in each group *significant difference between control+water and BCAO+water or BCAO+F Garlic (*p<0.05, **p<0.01). # significant difference between BCAO+water and BCAO+F Garlic (^#p<0.05)(one way ANOVA, Turkey's post hoc test).
그림 Fig. 3. Changes in working memory performance in Y-maze test following BCAO. A. Schematic diagram of Y-maze apparatus consisting of three identical plastic arms B.. Spontaneous alteration (%) was calculated as follows. Spontaneous alteration (%) = total number of alteration / (total number of arm entry - 2) x 100. Other notations are the same as in Fig. 2.
그림 Fig 4. Representative examples for potentiation of fEPSP traces from hippocampal CA1 area following theta burst stimulation of Schaffer collateral axons in CA3 area of three experimental groups. LTP was evoked by three theta bursts that consisted of 5 trains of 5 pulses at 100 Hz delivered at 200ms intervals.
그림 Fig. 5. Changes in LTP induction in hippocampal CA1 area following BCAO. The columns in graph show the percent changes of amplitude of fEPSP recorded during 5min and last 60min following theta burst stimulation to the that of fEPSP recorded during baseline. Values are mean ± S.D. of 5 in each group *significant difference between control+water and BCAO+water or BCAO+F Garlic (*p<0.05, **p<0.01). Other notations are the same as previous figures.
그림 Fig. 6. histopathological changes in pyramidal cellular layer (SP) of hippocampal CA1 area following BCAO. A, Arrows indicates chromatic condensation of damaged neurons injured by BCAO on Cresyl violet staining producer. B. The columns in graph represent the number of injured neurons analyzed with image software. SP, stratum pyramidale. Other notations are the same as in Fig. 3. Scale bar: 100mm
그림 Fig. 7. Changes in PV(+) immunoreactivity in hippocampal region of 3 experimental groups. A. Representative sections of PV(+) immunostaining in hippocampal sections. B. The bar charts depicting changes in densitometric quantification of PV(+) immunoreactivities in the SR layer of hippocampus CA1 subfields. Values represent the mean ± S.D. (n = 5 rats per group). Other notations are the same as previous figures. SO, stratum oriens; SP, stratum pyramidale; SR, stratum radiatum Scale bar: 100mm.
그림 Fig 8. Western blot analysis of parvalbumin (PV) protein expression in the hippocampus of three experimental group. Other notations are the same as previous figures.

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