본 연구는 러시아공사관 부지 이전에 존재하던 경희궁 별원 함춘원의 경역과 본래의 외곽 경계를 고찰한 것이다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 러시아공사관 부지확보 및 신관 건립을 위해 작성된 3종의 도면을 살펴보면, 부지 내부에 함춘원의 원지형으로 보이는 2개의 낮은 봉우리가 남북 방향으로 존재했음이 확인된다. 공사관의 초기 계획안에는 출입문이 북서쪽 새문안로와 연결되는 것으로 나타난다. 그런데 러시아 임시공사 베베르가 공사관 부지를 매입할 당시의 보고서에는 이미 좁은 출입구와 흙길이 있어 새문안로와 통했던 것으로 기록되어 있다. 이러한 점은 공사관의 출입문으로 계획한 부지 북서쪽에 함춘원으로 진입할 수 있는 관리 동선과 원문(苑門)이 위치했음을 알게 해준다. 둘째, 공사관의 건립 당시 높은 언덕 상부를 절토하여 대지가 조성되었고 그 결과 2단의 계단식 지형이 만들어졌다. 본관 및 서기관동 등이 세워진 지반은 가장 높은 봉우리를 깎아 평평하게 다짐하여 만들어졌고 이때 다량의 토량이 정지작업에 사용되었다. 본관 북쪽 영역의 경우도, 산지를 깎아 평평하게 지형을 고른 흔적이 역력하고, 조망이 수월한 물리적 환경을 활용하여 산책로와 정자가 있는 전망형 정원이 조성되었다. 이는 궁궐이 내려다보이는 높은 지형에 민간의 조망을 막기 위해 별원을 조성했던 지형 조건과 상통한 이용으로 볼 수 있다. 셋째, 미국, 영국, 러시아공사관 주변의 공간 변화를 보여주는 1880~1890년대의 사진에 함춘원 담장이 부분적으로 노출되어 있다. 사진분석 결과 함춘원은 러시아공사관 부지 북측 영역을 차지하고 있으며, 공사관의 북쪽, 서쪽, 동쪽 담장이 함춘원의 담장과 근사했던 것으로 추정된다. 러시아공사관 남쪽 영역은 본래 민간의 가옥이 있던 곳으로서, 여러 자료에서 수십 채의 민가와 농경지를 매입한 정황을 살필 수 있었다. 넷째, 광해군 연간 경덕궁의 별원으로 조성된 함춘원은 경복궁 중건 때 경희궁의 전각을 뜯어서 공사 부재로 사용하면서 별원으로서의 장소성을 상실했으며, 1885년경 러시아에 매각됨으로써 멸실되었다. 함춘원이 있던 경역은 신관의 건립 뒤로 주요 건물과 정원이 있는 러시아공사관의 핵심적 공간으로 변용되었다. 따라서 러시아공사관 북측 영역에 한정된 함춘원은 1897년 이후 조영된 경운궁 및 선원전과 시간적, 공간적 맥락이 닿아 있지 않으며, 선원전의 배후림 또는 배경림으로 보는 시각도 타당하지 않은 것으로 판단된다.
본 연구는 러시아공사관 부지 이전에 존재하던 경희궁 별원 함춘원의 경역과 본래의 외곽 경계를 고찰한 것이다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 러시아공사관 부지확보 및 신관 건립을 위해 작성된 3종의 도면을 살펴보면, 부지 내부에 함춘원의 원지형으로 보이는 2개의 낮은 봉우리가 남북 방향으로 존재했음이 확인된다. 공사관의 초기 계획안에는 출입문이 북서쪽 새문안로와 연결되는 것으로 나타난다. 그런데 러시아 임시공사 베베르가 공사관 부지를 매입할 당시의 보고서에는 이미 좁은 출입구와 흙길이 있어 새문안로와 통했던 것으로 기록되어 있다. 이러한 점은 공사관의 출입문으로 계획한 부지 북서쪽에 함춘원으로 진입할 수 있는 관리 동선과 원문(苑門)이 위치했음을 알게 해준다. 둘째, 공사관의 건립 당시 높은 언덕 상부를 절토하여 대지가 조성되었고 그 결과 2단의 계단식 지형이 만들어졌다. 본관 및 서기관동 등이 세워진 지반은 가장 높은 봉우리를 깎아 평평하게 다짐하여 만들어졌고 이때 다량의 토량이 정지작업에 사용되었다. 본관 북쪽 영역의 경우도, 산지를 깎아 평평하게 지형을 고른 흔적이 역력하고, 조망이 수월한 물리적 환경을 활용하여 산책로와 정자가 있는 전망형 정원이 조성되었다. 이는 궁궐이 내려다보이는 높은 지형에 민간의 조망을 막기 위해 별원을 조성했던 지형 조건과 상통한 이용으로 볼 수 있다. 셋째, 미국, 영국, 러시아공사관 주변의 공간 변화를 보여주는 1880~1890년대의 사진에 함춘원 담장이 부분적으로 노출되어 있다. 사진분석 결과 함춘원은 러시아공사관 부지 북측 영역을 차지하고 있으며, 공사관의 북쪽, 서쪽, 동쪽 담장이 함춘원의 담장과 근사했던 것으로 추정된다. 러시아공사관 남쪽 영역은 본래 민간의 가옥이 있던 곳으로서, 여러 자료에서 수십 채의 민가와 농경지를 매입한 정황을 살필 수 있었다. 넷째, 광해군 연간 경덕궁의 별원으로 조성된 함춘원은 경복궁 중건 때 경희궁의 전각을 뜯어서 공사 부재로 사용하면서 별원으로서의 장소성을 상실했으며, 1885년경 러시아에 매각됨으로써 멸실되었다. 함춘원이 있던 경역은 신관의 건립 뒤로 주요 건물과 정원이 있는 러시아공사관의 핵심적 공간으로 변용되었다. 따라서 러시아공사관 북측 영역에 한정된 함춘원은 1897년 이후 조영된 경운궁 및 선원전과 시간적, 공간적 맥락이 닿아 있지 않으며, 선원전의 배후림 또는 배경림으로 보는 시각도 타당하지 않은 것으로 판단된다.
The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the area and the original outer boundaries of Hamchunwon(含春苑), which was the outer royal garden of Gyeonghuigung Palace, which existed before the site of the Russian legation. The results of the study are as follows. First, examining the 3 types...
The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the area and the original outer boundaries of Hamchunwon(含春苑), which was the outer royal garden of Gyeonghuigung Palace, which existed before the site of the Russian legation. The results of the study are as follows. First, examining the 3 types of drawings prepared for securing the Russian legation's site and constructing a new building, it was confirmed that two low peaks, which appear to be the original terrain of Hamchunwon, existed in the north and south directions inside the site. According to the initial plan of the of the legation's site, it appears that the entrance of the legation building is connected to the Saemunan-ro in the northwest. However, according to the report made at the time when the Russian temporary minister Veber purchased the legation's site, it was recorded that the site already had a narrow entrance and a dirt road in place, and hence, it was connected to Saemunan-ro. This fact makes it possible to learn that the line of movement for officials and the original gate were located to the northwest of the site planned as the entrance of the legation building towards Hamchunwon. Second, the site was created by cutting the top of the high hill at the time of the construction of the legation building, and as a result, a two tiered staircase typed terrace was built. The ground on which the main building and the secretary's building, etc., were erected was made by cutting the highest peak and solidifying it flat, and a large quantity of soil was used for grading. In the case of the northern area of the main building, the traces of leveling the terrain by cutting the mountains are apparent, and an observation typed garden with a walking path and pavilion was formed by utilizing the physical environment equipped with an easy view. This may be considered as a use which is consistent with the topographical conditions of creating an outer royal garden to block the civilian views on a high terrain overlooking the palace. Third, Hamchunwon's fences were partially exposed in the photos from the 1880s through the 1890s, which demonstrate the spatial changes made around the US, UK, and the Russian legations. As a result of the photo analysis performed, Hamchunwon occupies the northern area of the Russian legation's site, and it is estimated that the north, west, and east walls of the legation resembled those of Hamchunwon. The area to the south of the Russian legation was originally a place made available for civilian houses, and it was possible to examine the circumstances of purchasing dozens of civilian houses and farmlands according to various materials. Fourth, Hamchunwon, which was formed as the outer royal garden of Gyeongdeokgung Palace of Lord Gwanghaegun, lost its sense of place as an outer royal garden when the entire building of Gyeonghuigung Palace was torn down and used as a construction members during the reconstruction of Gyeongbokgung Palace, and faded away as the site was sold to Russia around 1885. The area where Hamchunwon used to be located transformed into a core space of the Russian legation where the main building and garden were located after the construction of the new building. Hence, Hamchunwon, which was limited to the northern area of the Russian legation, does not carry the temporal and spatial context with Gyeongungung Palace and Seonwonjeon which were constructed after 1897, and it is determined that the view of Seonwonjeon as Baehoorim or Baegyeongrim is not valid.
The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the area and the original outer boundaries of Hamchunwon(含春苑), which was the outer royal garden of Gyeonghuigung Palace, which existed before the site of the Russian legation. The results of the study are as follows. First, examining the 3 types of drawings prepared for securing the Russian legation's site and constructing a new building, it was confirmed that two low peaks, which appear to be the original terrain of Hamchunwon, existed in the north and south directions inside the site. According to the initial plan of the of the legation's site, it appears that the entrance of the legation building is connected to the Saemunan-ro in the northwest. However, according to the report made at the time when the Russian temporary minister Veber purchased the legation's site, it was recorded that the site already had a narrow entrance and a dirt road in place, and hence, it was connected to Saemunan-ro. This fact makes it possible to learn that the line of movement for officials and the original gate were located to the northwest of the site planned as the entrance of the legation building towards Hamchunwon. Second, the site was created by cutting the top of the high hill at the time of the construction of the legation building, and as a result, a two tiered staircase typed terrace was built. The ground on which the main building and the secretary's building, etc., were erected was made by cutting the highest peak and solidifying it flat, and a large quantity of soil was used for grading. In the case of the northern area of the main building, the traces of leveling the terrain by cutting the mountains are apparent, and an observation typed garden with a walking path and pavilion was formed by utilizing the physical environment equipped with an easy view. This may be considered as a use which is consistent with the topographical conditions of creating an outer royal garden to block the civilian views on a high terrain overlooking the palace. Third, Hamchunwon's fences were partially exposed in the photos from the 1880s through the 1890s, which demonstrate the spatial changes made around the US, UK, and the Russian legations. As a result of the photo analysis performed, Hamchunwon occupies the northern area of the Russian legation's site, and it is estimated that the north, west, and east walls of the legation resembled those of Hamchunwon. The area to the south of the Russian legation was originally a place made available for civilian houses, and it was possible to examine the circumstances of purchasing dozens of civilian houses and farmlands according to various materials. Fourth, Hamchunwon, which was formed as the outer royal garden of Gyeongdeokgung Palace of Lord Gwanghaegun, lost its sense of place as an outer royal garden when the entire building of Gyeonghuigung Palace was torn down and used as a construction members during the reconstruction of Gyeongbokgung Palace, and faded away as the site was sold to Russia around 1885. The area where Hamchunwon used to be located transformed into a core space of the Russian legation where the main building and garden were located after the construction of the new building. Hence, Hamchunwon, which was limited to the northern area of the Russian legation, does not carry the temporal and spatial context with Gyeongungung Palace and Seonwonjeon which were constructed after 1897, and it is determined that the view of Seonwonjeon as Baehoorim or Baegyeongrim is not valid.
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