[논문]임상유전자검사 및 차세대 염기서열분석을 위한 임상병리사의 역할

진현석; 박상정; 안미숙; 박상욱

doi:10.15324/kjcls.2023.55.3.203

임상유전자검사 및 차세대 염기서열분석을 위한 임상병리사의 역할
The Role of Medical Technologists in Next-Generation Sequencing and Clinical Genetic Tests 원문보기

Korean journal of clinical laboratory science : KJCLS = 대한임상검사과학회지, v.55 no.3, 2023년, pp.203 - 212

진현석 (호서대학교 임상병리학과) , 박상정 (호서대학교 임상병리학과) , 안미숙 (신촌세브란스병원 진단검사의학과) , 박상욱 (상지대학교 임상병리학과)

초록
AI-Helper

코로나19가 창궐한 후 임상병리사(medical technologists, MT)가 병원에서 PCR 검사를 수행하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 차세대 염기서열분석(next-generation sequencing, NGS)도 수행한다는 사실을 일반적으로 알고 있다. 하지만, 많은 사람들은 유전자검사 분야에 대한 임상병리사의 업무로 의료법에 명시되어 있지 않다는 사실을 인지하지 못하고 있는 실태이다(MT 72.5%, N=200; 학생 62.8%, N=123). 이러한 이유로, NGS에 대한 임상병리사의 업무 적절성을 검증하기 위해서 온라인 설문지를 작성하도록 설계하여 설문조사 결과를 분석하였다. NGS가 포함된 유전분야에 대한 임상병리사의 업무범위에 대한 법제화가 필요하다(MT 99.5%, N=200, 학생 86.8%, N=123)고 나타났다. 그리고 임상병리사 국가면허시험 문제은행에 세포유전학 및 분자유전학 관련 임상유전학 문항이 모두 포함돼야 한다(MT 97.5%, N=200; 학생 72.3%, N=123)고 조사되었다. 이러한 조사를 바탕으로 임상병리학 분야의 발전을 위해 임상병리사와 학생 모두를 위한 유전자 교육 및 법제화를 위해 대한임상병리사협회는 교수협의회와 적극 협력할 필요가 있겠다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Since the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, it has been generally believed that a medical technologists (MTs) are supposed to perform polymerase chain reaction tests and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the hospitals. However, many do not recognize that the duty of MT for clinical genetic testing has not been stated in the Medical Laws (72.5% for MT, N=200; 62.8% for students, N=123). In this regard, to evaluate the feasibility of MT's role for NGS genetic testing, we requested our subjects to fill out an online survey and analyzed the data. Among them, it shows that the scope of MT's role, including NGS performance should include clinical genetic testing (99.5% for MT, N=200; 86.8% for students, N=123). Also, questions on clinical genetics, which is associated with both cellular genetics and molecular genetic questions should be included in the National MT License Problem Bank (97.5% for MT; 71.4% for students). Based on these results, the Korean Association of Medical Technologists needs to cooperate synergically with the Academic Association of Biomedical Laboratory Science with respect to genetic education and legislation for the future benefit of both MTs and students.

주제어

표/그림 (10)

표 Table 1. Status and trend of the number of clinical diagnoses using next-generation sequencing in the two hospitals
그림 Figure 1. The patient number of next-generation sequencing (NGS) tests by year (2017~2022). Since NGS tests were known as an insurance benefit in South Korea, statistics on the number of patients who received NGS tests from 2017 to 2022 have shown on the bar-graph. The NGS test was divided into three areas: hereditary, solid cancer, and blood cancer. The total number of tested patients increased 10.6 times from 3,288 in 2017 to 34,945 in 2022, only six years later.
그림 Figure 2. Current fields of clinical and genetic diagnosis in charge. The most respondents were charged in the genetic diagnostic test such as genetic disorders (38.5%), and cytogenetics (39.0%), followed by molecular microbiology (24.0%), blood cancer (22.0%), solid cancer (16.5%), and HLA (15.5%). Others include the test fields of quality control, parental discrimination, drug inheritance, respectively. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=200). Abbreviations: HLA, human leukocyte antigen; DTC, direct-to-consumer.
그림 Figure 3. Acquisition of current diagnostic technology in the field of clinical genetic diagnostic test. Most respondents were learned by senior or colleagues (67.0%), followed by self-study (46.5%), associated society (36.5%), and manufacturer (28.0%). Others learned them through seminar, major class and hospital practice, physician, respectively (2.0%). All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=200).
그림 Figure 4. Educational program for being attended which is hosted by Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Genetics. Majority of respondents would like to attend in genetic disease (79.0%), followed by cytogenetics (60.5%), blood cancer (58.0%), solid cancer (48.0%), molecular microbiology (45.0%), HLA typing (42.5%), drug inheritance (33.0%), DTC test (25.0%). Others include data analysis, molecular pathology, blood group, karyotype, respectively. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=200). Abbreviations: HLA, human leukocyte antigen; DTC, direct-to-consumer.
그림 Figure 5. Preference type of graduate school to attend. The most respondents prefer to attend as a part-time (72.4%), and online (58.6%) students, whereas full-time students had only 5 responses (4.3%). All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=116).
그림 Figure 6. Workplace to desire after undergraduate studies. Advanced general hospital (73.2%) is the most preference workplace to work for followed by general hospital (58.5%), health official (43.1%), professional test center (39.0%), biotech company (26.8%), and clinic (6.5%). Others include graduate school, researcher, pharmaceutical company. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=123).
그림 Figure 7. Diagnostics field to desire after undergraduate studies. Most respondents desire to work in laboratory medicine (68.3%), followed by clinical molecular diagnostics (48.8%), pathology (48.0%), physiological function test (47.2%) which were all the similar preferences, and nuclear medicine (12.2%). Others include forensic medicine, scholastic field (marketing, advertisement), and molecular diagnostics. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=123).
그림 Figure 8. A subject being learned the polymerase chain reaction principle. Clinical and molecular diagnostics (100.0%) were overwhelmed among other subjects, and then histopathology (25.9%), clinical chemistry (20.0%), clinical microbiology (15.3%), hematology (11.8%), clinical physiology (3.5%), and genome data analysis (1.2%) were hoped to be opened during undergraduate curriculum. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=85).
그림 Figure 9. The preference courses wishing for being learned for the clinical molecular diagnostics in college. Most respondents hope to open up genetic disease (82.1%), followed by cytogenetics (67.5%), molecular microbiology (43.1%), blood cancer (42.3%), HLA typing (40.7%), solid cancer (22.8%), and DTC test (15.4%). Other includes all scope of education wishing for being taught. All questionnaires were reflected by multiple responses (N=123). Abbreviations: HLA, human leukocyte antigen; DTC, direct-to-consumer.

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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