[논문]19세기 남병철 『의기집설(儀器輯說)』 혼천의 용법 분석

최홍순; 김상혁; 민병희; 남경욱; 유경한; 김용기

doi:10.5303/pkas.2024.39.1.013

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The armillary sphere, an astronomical observation device embodying the Orbital Heaven Theory of the Later Han Dynasty in China, holds both historical and scientific significance. It has been produced in various forms by many individuals since its inception in the era of King Sejong in the Joseon Dyn...

The armillary sphere, an astronomical observation device embodying the Orbital Heaven Theory of the Later Han Dynasty in China, holds both historical and scientific significance. It has been produced in various forms by many individuals since its inception in the era of King Sejong in the Joseon Dynasty. A prominent figure in this field was Nam Byeong-cheol (南秉哲, 1817-1863), known for his work 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說), published in 1859, which detailed the history, production methods, and usage of the armillary sphere. This text particularly highlights 21 applications of the armillary sphere, divided into 33 measurements, covering aspects like installation, time, and positional measurements, supplemented with explanations of spherical trigonometry. Despite numerous records of the armillary sphere's design during the Joseon Dynasty, detailed usage information remains scarce. In this study, the 33 measurements described in 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說) were systematically classified into six for installation, nineteen for position measurement, seven for time measurement, and one for other purposes. Additionally, the measurement methods were analyzed and organized by dividing them into the ecliptic ring, moving equatorial ring, and fixed equatorial ring of the armillary sphere. In other words, from a modern astronomical perspective, the results of schematization for each step were presented by analyzing it from the viewpoint of longitude, right ascension, and solar time. Through the analysis of Nam's armillary sphere, this study not only aims to validate the restoration model of the armillary sphere but also suggests the potential for its use in basic astronomical education based on the understanding of the 19th-century Joseon armillary sphere.

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표/그림 (5)

그림 Figure 1. Armillary sphere designed according to the description in the 'Uigijipseol' (儀器輯說)(1859). (a) Front view of the armillary sphere featuring a stack of 5 spherical frames. (b) A bird's-eye view.
표 Table 1. A classification of measurements using by the Nam's armillary sphere. There are 21 usages of his armillary sphere in Uigijipseol.
그림 Figure 2. Schematic reclassification of Nam's armillary sphere.
표 Table 2. Zodiac signs, 12 Branches and Orders (Rufus, 1913)
그림 Figure 3. Daytime and nighttime on equinoctial days. Here a number is corresponding to a item in Table 1. The astronomical twilight is lined in white at 18° lower than the horizon.

참고문헌 (17)

Hahn, Y. H. & Nam, M., 1997, Reconstruction of the？Armillary Spheres of Mid - Choson : The Armillary？Clocks of Yi Minch'ol, Journal of the Korean？History of Science Society, 19, 3？
Hahn, Y. H., Nam, M, H., and Lee, S. Y., 2001, Study on the Astronomical Clock in Joseon Dynasty: on the Focus of the Water-Powered-Type Astronomical？Clock, Journal of Korean Historical Studies, 113, 57？
Kim, S. H., 2012, Song, I-Yeong's Armillary Clock,？Korean Studies Information Co. (Paju), pp.37-205？
Kim, S. H., Lee, Y. S., and Nam, M. H., 2006, On The？Armillary Sphere Of Nam Byeong-Cheol - II:？Translation of a chapter on how to use an armillary？sphere in Uigijipseol, JASS, 23, 71？
Kim, M. H., Nam, M. H., and Kim, J. I., 2000,？Cooperation of Nam Byeng-chul and Pak Kyu-soo in？the Astronomical Instrument Making: From the Uigi？Jipseol, Journal of the Choson Dynasty History, 12,？99？
Kim, S. H., Mihn, B. -H., Seo, Y. -K., and Lee, Y. S.,？2018, Life and Astronomical Contribution of Song,？I-Yeong, PKAS, 33, 31？
Koo, M. O., 2005, Ch'oe Yuchi's Chukwonja: A water？operated armillary sphere developed in 17th century？Choson, The Society for Study of Korean History of？Thoughts, 25, 173？
Lee, Y. -S., Kim, S. -H., and Nam, M. -H., 2001, On？The Armillary Sphere of Nam Byeong-Chul - I,？JKAS, 34, 47？
Lee, Y. S., Kim, S. H., Lee, M. S., and Jeong, J. H.,？2010, A Study on the Armillary Spheres of the？Confucianists in Joseon Dynasty, JASS, 27, 383？
Nam, K. U., 2011, Nam Byeongcheol's Time-checking？Instrument in Nineteenth-century Korea, The Korean？Journal for the History of Science, 33, 139？
Nam, M. H. & Chen, J. J., 2013, Korean Translation of？Ukiljae-Chongseo, I : Uigijipseol, King Sejong the？Great Memorial Society (Seoul), pp. 43-183？
Needham, J., Lu, G. -D, Combridge, J. H., and Major, J.？S., 1986, The Hall of Heavenly Records - Korean？astronomical instruments and clocks 1380-1780,？Cambridge University Press (Cambridge), pp.150-152？
Noh, D. H., 2010, The Study and Reality Perceptions of？Nam Byeong-Cheol (1817-1863) in the Middle 19th？Century, Ewha Historical Institutions, 40, 163
Meeus, J., 1998, Astronomical Algorithms, 2nd Ed.？Willmann-Bell Inc. (VA), p.109？
Mihn, B. -H., 2016, Study on the Astronomical？Instruments and Calendars in Early Joseon Dynasty,？Chungbuk National University, Ph.D Thesis？
Mihn, B. -H., Yun, Y. H., Kim, S. H., and Ki, H. C.,？2021, A Study On The Armillary Sphere Of？Tongcheon-Ui Described By Hong Dae-Yong, PKAS,？36, 79？
Rufus, W. C., 1913, The Celestial Planisphere of King Yi？Tai-Jo, Transactions of the Korean Branch of the？Royal Asiatic Society, 4, 23？

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19세기 남병철 『의기집설(儀器輯說)』 혼천의 용법 분석
ANALYSIS OF THE USAGE OF NAM BYEONG-CHEOL'S ARMILLARY SPHERE IN UIGIJIPSEOL IN THE 19TH CENTURY

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19세기 남병철 『의기집설(儀器輯說)』 혼천의 용법 분석 ANALYSIS OF THE USAGE OF NAM BYEONG-CHEOL'S ARMILLARY SPHERE IN UIGIJIPSEOL IN THE 19TH CENTURY

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19세기 남병철 『의기집설(儀器輯說)』 혼천의 용법 분석
ANALYSIS OF THE USAGE OF NAM BYEONG-CHEOL'S ARMILLARY SPHERE IN UIGIJIPSEOL IN THE 19TH CENTURY

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