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3 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitan Laurate, Sorbitan Sesquioleate, Sorbitan Oleate, Sorbitan Tristearate, Sorbitan Palmitate, and Sorbitan Trioleate

Journal of the American College of Toxicology, v.4 no.3, 1985년, pp.65 - 121  

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

The Sorbitan esters, including Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitan Laurate, Sorbitan Sesquioleate, Sorbitan Oleate, Sorbitan Tristearate, Sorbitan Palmitate, and Sorbitan Trioleate, are used in cosmetic products as emulsifiers and stabilizers at concentrations normally under 5 percent. Toxicity was reporte...

참고문헌 (35)

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  2. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary Hawley, G.G. 1971 8 

  3. Cosmetics: Science and Technology. Balsam, M.S. 1972 

  4. Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products Gosselin, R.E. 1976 4 

  5. CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary Estrin, N.F. 1982 3 

  6. JAPAN COSMETIC INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION (JCIA) 1979 

  7. The Merck Index Windholz, M. 1976 9 

  8. NATIONAL FORMULARY (NF) 1975 14 

  9. FOOD CHEMICALS CODEX 1972 2 

  10. Farm. Pol. Grzesiczak, A. 291 34 5 1978 

  11. Regulatory Status of Direct Food Additives. Furia, T.E. 1980 

  12. CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS, TITLE 21 1982 

  13. WICK, AKNE N., JOSEPH, LIONEL. THE METABOLISM OF SOEBITAN MONOSTEARATE. Food research : an official publication of the Institute of Food Technologists, vol.18, no.1, 79-84.

  14. Wick, Arne N., Joseph, Lionel.. Sorbitan Monostearate Metabolism, Lack of Deposition upon Chronic Feeding. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, vol.1, no.5, 398-399.

  15. J. Pharm. Sci. Mezei, M. 584 55 6 1966 10.1002/jps.2600550611 

  16. Mezei, Michael, Sager, R.W.. Dermatitic effect of nonionic surfactants II Changes in phospholipid and in deoxyribonucleic acid content of rabbit epidermis in vivo. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the American Pharmaceutical Association, vol.56, no.12, 1604-1608.

  17. Mezei, Michael, Ryan, Kevin J.. Effect of Surfactants on Epidermal Permeability in Rabbits. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the American Pharmaceutical Association, vol.61, no.8, 1329-1331.

  18. Food Cosmet. Toxicol. ATLAS CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (ACI). 339 8 1970 10.1016/S0015-6264(70)80031-1 

  19. Proc. Sci. Sect. Toilet Goods Assoc. Treon, J.F. 40 40 1963 

  20. Ringrose, Arthur T., Waller, Ernest F.. High level feeding of surface active agents to chicks. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, vol.1, no.6, 548-559.

  21. Cater, B.R., Butterworth, K.R., Gaunt, I.F., Hooson, J., Grasso, P., Gangolli, S.D.. Short-term toxicity study of sorbitan monolaurate (Span 20) in rats. Food and cosmetics toxicology, vol.16, no.6, 519-526.

  22. Fitzhugh, O.Garth, Schouboe, Paul J., Nelson, Arthur A.. Oral toxicities of lauric acid and certain lauric acid derivatives. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, vol.2, 59-67.

  23. Harris, Robert S., Sherman, Henry, Jetter, Walter W.. Nutritional and pathological effects of sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene monolaurate when fed to hamsters. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, vol.34, no.2, 259-265.

  24. Harris, Robert S., Sherman, Henry, Jetter, Walter W.. Nutritional and pathological effects of sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, and polyoxyethylene monostearate when fed to rats. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, vol.34, no.2, 249-258.

  25. Ingram, A.I., Butterworth, K.R., Gaunt, I.F., Grasso, P., Gangolli, S.D.. Short-term toxicity study of sorbitan mono-oleate (Span 80) in rats. Food and cosmetics toxicology, vol.16, no.6, 535-542.

  26. Hendy, R.J., Butterworth, K.R., Gaunt, I.F., Kiss, I.S., Grasso, P.. Long-term toxicity study of sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) in mice. Food and cosmetics toxicology, vol.16, no.6, 527-534.

  27. Oser, Bernard L., Oser, Mona. Nutritional Studies on Rats on Diets Containing High Levels of Partial Ester Emulsifiers I. General Plan and Procedures; Growth and Food Utilization. The Journal of nutrition, vol.60, no.3, 367-390.

  28. Oser, Bernard L., Oser, Mona. Nutritional Studies on Rats on Diets Containing High Levels of Partial Ester Emulsifiers II. Reproduction and Lactation. The Journal of nutrition, vol.60, no.4, 489-505.

  29. Oser, Bernard L., Oser, Mona. Nutritional Studies on Rats on Diets Containing High Levels of Partial Ester Emulsifiers. The Journal of nutrition, vol.61, no.1, 149-166.

  30. Oser, Bernard L., Oser, Mona. Nutritional Studies on Rats on Diets Containing High Levels of Partial Ester Emulsifiers. The Journal of nutrition, vol.61, no.2, 235-252.

  31. Inoue, K., Sunakawa, T., Takayama, S.. Studies of in vitro cell transformation and mutagenicity by surfactants and other compounds. Food and cosmetics toxicology, vol.18, no.3, 289-296.

  32. Natl. Cancer. Inst. Monogr. Saffiotti, U. 489 10 1963 

  33. Gaudin, David, Gregg, Robert S., Lemone Yielding, K.. DNA repair inhibition: A possible mechanism of action of co-carcinogens. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, vol.45, no.3, 630-636.

  34. Hannuksela, Matti, Kousa, Merja, Pirilä, Veikko. Allergy to ingredients of vehicles. Contact dermatitis, vol.2, no.2, 105-110.

  35. Hannuksela, Matti, Kousa, Merjä, Pirilä, Veikko. Contact sensitivity to emulsifiers. Contact dermatitis, vol.2, no.4, 201-204.

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