[논문]Human Health and Ocean Pollution

Landrigan, Philip J.; Stegeman, John J.; Fleming, Lora E.; Allemand, Denis; Anderson, Donald M.; Backer, Lorraine C.; Brucker-Davis, Franç; oise; Chevalier, Nicolas; Corra, Lilian; Czerucka, Dorota; Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui; Demeneix, Barbara; Depledge, Michael; Deheyn, Dimitri D.; Dorman, Charles J.; Fé; nichel, Patrick; Fisher, Samantha; Gaill, Franç; oise; Galgani, Franç; ois; Gaze, William H.; Giuliano, Laura; Grandjean, Philippe; Hahn, Mark E.; Hamdoun, Amro; Hess, Philipp; Judson, Bret; Laborde, Amalia; McGlade, Jacqueline; Mu, Jenna; Mustapha, Adetoun; Neira, Maria; Noble, Rachel T.; Pedrotti, Maria Luiza; Reddy, Christopher; Rocklö; v, Joacim; Scharler, Ursula M.; Shanmugam, Hariharan; Taghian, Gabriella; van de Water, Jeroen A.J.M.; Vezzulli, Luigi; Weihe, Pá; l; Zeka, Ariana; Raps, Hervé; Rampal, Patrick

doi:10.5334/aogh.2831

Human Health and Ocean Pollution 원문보기

Annals of global health, v.86 no.1, 2020년, pp.151 -

Landrigan, Philip J. (Boston College, US) , Stegeman, John J. (Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US) , Fleming, Lora E. (European Centre for Environment and Human Health, GB) , Allemand, Denis (Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC) , Anderson, Donald M. (Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, US) , Backer, Lorraine C. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US) , Brucker-Davis, Françoise (Université) , Chevalier, Nicolas (Cô) , Corra, Lilian (te d’Azur, FR) , Czerucka, Dorota (Université) , Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui (Cô) , Demeneix, Barbara (te d’Azur, FR) , Depledge, Michael (International Society of Doctors for the Environment (ISDE), CH) , Deheyn, Dimitri D. (Centre Scientifique de Monaco, MC) , Dorman, Charles J. (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, FR) , Fénichel, Patrick (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FR) , Fisher, Samantha (University of Exeter Medical School, GB) , Gaill, Françoise (Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, US) , Galgani, François (Trinity College Dublin, IE) , Gaze, William H. (Université) , Giuliano, Laura (Cô) , Grandjean, Philippe (te d’Azur, FR) , Hahn, Mark E. (Boston College, US) , Hamdoun, Amro (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, FR) , Hess, Philipp (Institut Franç) , Judson, Bret (ais de Recherche pour l’Exploitation des Mers, FR) , Laborde, Amalia (University of Exete) , McGlade, Jacqueline , Mu, Jenna , Mustapha, Adetoun , Neira, Maria , Noble, Rachel T. , Pedrotti, Maria Luiza , Reddy, Christopher , Rocklöv, Joacim , Scharler, Ursula M. , Shanmugam, Hariharan , Taghian, Gabriella , van de Water, Jeroen A.J.M. , Vezzulli, Luigi , Weihe, Pál , Zeka, Ariana , Raps, Hervé , Rampal, Patrick

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Background:Pollution – unwanted waste released to air, water, and land by human activity – is the largest environmental cause of disease in the world today. It is responsible for an estimated nine million premature deaths per year, enormous economic losses, erosion of human capital, and degradation of ecosystems. Ocean pollution is an important, but insufficiently recognized and inadequately controlled component of global pollution. It poses serious threats to human health and well-being. The nature and magnitude of these impacts are only beginning to be understood.Goals:(1) Broadly examine the known and potential impacts of ocean pollution on human health. (2) Inform policy makers, government leaders, international organizations, civil society, and the global public of these threats. (3) Propose priorities for interventions to control and prevent pollution of the seas and safeguard human health.Methods:Topic-focused reviews that examine the effects of ocean pollution on human health, identify gaps in knowledge, project future trends, and offer evidence-based guidance for effective intervention.Environmental Findings:Pollution of the oceans is widespread, worsening, and in most countries poorly controlled. It is a complex mixture of toxic metals, plastics, manufactured chemicals, petroleum, urban and industrial wastes, pesticides, fertilizers, pharmaceutical chemicals, agricultural runoff, and sewage. More than 80% arises from land-based sources. It reaches the oceans through rivers, runoff, atmospheric deposition and direct discharges. It is often heaviest near the coasts and most highly concentrated along the coasts of low- and middle-income countries. Plastic is a rapidly increasing and highly visible component of ocean pollution, and an estimated 10 million metric tons of plastic waste enter the seas each year. Mercury is the metal pollutant of greatest concern in the oceans; it is released from two main sources – coal combustion and small-scale gold mining. Global spread of industrialized agriculture with increasing use of chemical fertilizer leads to extension of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) to previously unaffected regions. Chemical pollutants are ubiquitous and contaminate seas and marine organisms from the high Arctic to the abyssal depths.Ecosystem Findings:Ocean pollution has multiple negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and these impacts are exacerbated by global climate change. Petroleum-based pollutants reduce photosynthesis in marine microorganisms that generate oxygen. Increasing absorption of carbon dioxide into the seas causes ocean acidification, which destroys coral reefs, impairs shellfish development, dissolves calcium-containing microorganisms at the base of the marine food web, and increases the toxicity of some pollutants. Plastic pollution threatens marine mammals, fish, and seabirds and accumulates in large mid-ocean gyres. It breaks down into microplastic and nanoplastic particles containing multiple manufactured chemicals that can enter the tissues of marine organisms, including species consumed by humans. Industrial releases, runoff, and sewage increase frequency and severity of HABs, bacterial pollution, and anti-microbial resistance. Pollution and sea surface warming are triggering poleward migration of dangerous pathogens such as the Vibrio species. Industrial discharges, pharmaceutical wastes, pesticides, and sewage contribute to global declines in fish stocks.Human Health Findings:Methylmercury and PCBs are the ocean pollutants whose human health effects are best understood. Exposures of infants in utero to these pollutants through maternal consumption of contaminated seafood can damage developing brains, reduce IQ and increase children’s risks for autism, ADHD and learning disorders. Adult exposures to methylmercury increase risks

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표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

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