본 연구는 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생들이 진로를 선택하고 실행하는 과정에서 자신의 진로목표실현을 방해한다고 지각하는 요인을 측정하는 진로장벽 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 청소년용 남성 진로장벽 척도는 자기이해의 부족, 학습 효능감, 성역할 갈등 및 성차별, 중요한 타인과의 갈등, 미래에 대한 불확실성, 진로 및 직업 정보의 부족, 경제적 어려움 등의 7요인의 42문항으로 구성된 척도이다. 검사의 신뢰도 및 문항의 양호도를 검증하기 위해 705명의 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생들을 대상으로 진로장벽 검사가 시행되었고, 확인적 요인분석을 사용한 구인타당도 검증을 통해 요인수가 적합한지 확인하였다. 또한 진로장벽 척도가 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교에 동일하게 사용될 수 있는지 확인하기 위해 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 다집단 분석을 실시하였다. 형태동일성, 측정동일성, 척도동일성을 검증한 결과, 청소년용 남성 진로장벽 척도는 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생에게 동일하게 사용될 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생이 진로장벽의 요인별로 평균의 차이가 존재하는지 알아보기 위하여 잠재평균을 비교ㆍ분석한 결과, 연령이 높아지면서 진로장벽에 대한 지각이 높아짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 연구의 의의 및 한계, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
본 연구는 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생들이 진로를 선택하고 실행하는 과정에서 자신의 진로목표실현을 방해한다고 지각하는 요인을 측정하는 진로장벽 척도를 개발하고 타당화하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 청소년용 남성 진로장벽 척도는 자기이해의 부족, 학습 효능감, 성역할 갈등 및 성차별, 중요한 타인과의 갈등, 미래에 대한 불확실성, 진로 및 직업 정보의 부족, 경제적 어려움 등의 7요인의 42문항으로 구성된 척도이다. 검사의 신뢰도 및 문항의 양호도를 검증하기 위해 705명의 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생들을 대상으로 진로장벽 검사가 시행되었고, 확인적 요인분석을 사용한 구인타당도 검증을 통해 요인수가 적합한지 확인하였다. 또한 진로장벽 척도가 초ㆍ중ㆍ고등학교에 동일하게 사용될 수 있는지 확인하기 위해 구조방정식 모형을 이용하여 다집단 분석을 실시하였다. 형태동일성, 측정동일성, 척도동일성을 검증한 결과, 청소년용 남성 진로장벽 척도는 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생에게 동일하게 사용될 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 초ㆍ중ㆍ고 남학생이 진로장벽의 요인별로 평균의 차이가 존재하는지 알아보기 위하여 잠재평균을 비교ㆍ분석한 결과, 연령이 높아지면서 진로장벽에 대한 지각이 높아짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 연구의 의의 및 한계, 후속연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.
The purpose of this study is to develop a Career Barriers Scale for Korean male students of elementary, middle and high school students and examine the construct validity of the Scale. The Career Barriers Scale consists of seven factors of career barrier subscales, which are; lack of self-apprehensi...
The purpose of this study is to develop a Career Barriers Scale for Korean male students of elementary, middle and high school students and examine the construct validity of the Scale. The Career Barriers Scale consists of seven factors of career barrier subscales, which are; lack of self-apprehension, lack of self-confidence, sex-role conflict and sexual discrimination, conflict with the influential others, uncertainty of future, lack of career-related information, and lack of financial support. In order to verify reliability and item descriptive statistics, Career Barriers Scale analysis was held on 705 male students of respective elementary, middle, and high schools. Examination of construct validity was also held to check the adequacy of the number of factors. Its method included confirmatory factor analysis .The results from the confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the seven-factor structure of Career Barriers Scale was adequate represent the career barrier structure of Korean male adolescent students. The results also showed that the hypothetical seven-factor model proved to be feasible, even outperforming the established models of six- or eight-factor ones. Each item revealed to have acceptable levels of internal consistency, as well as adequate standardized coefficiency. Furthermore, this study was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which analyzed target schools in multiple group analysis so that their differences were at the latent mean level. As a result, the seven-factor structure of career barriers scale . worked out well with the male students of elementary, middle, and high schools. With configural, metric, and scalar invariance tested and approved, the examination of school differences remained at the latent mean level. The latent mean analysis indicated that middle school students perceived career barriers to a greater extent than elementary school students did, except the following factors; uncertainty of future and lack of financial support. Especially, factors including lack of self-apprehension and lack of self-confidence were bigger than medium of the effect size. And mean differences of the middle school and the high school students were showed significantly in following factors; lack of self-apprehension, uncertainty of future, and lack of financial support. High school students perceived more career barriers than middle school students. Considering the effect size, the latent mean differences between the elementary and the high school students were greater than those of the middle and elementary school students. This study suggested implications for counseling practice and need for future researches.
The purpose of this study is to develop a Career Barriers Scale for Korean male students of elementary, middle and high school students and examine the construct validity of the Scale. The Career Barriers Scale consists of seven factors of career barrier subscales, which are; lack of self-apprehension, lack of self-confidence, sex-role conflict and sexual discrimination, conflict with the influential others, uncertainty of future, lack of career-related information, and lack of financial support. In order to verify reliability and item descriptive statistics, Career Barriers Scale analysis was held on 705 male students of respective elementary, middle, and high schools. Examination of construct validity was also held to check the adequacy of the number of factors. Its method included confirmatory factor analysis .The results from the confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the seven-factor structure of Career Barriers Scale was adequate represent the career barrier structure of Korean male adolescent students. The results also showed that the hypothetical seven-factor model proved to be feasible, even outperforming the established models of six- or eight-factor ones. Each item revealed to have acceptable levels of internal consistency, as well as adequate standardized coefficiency. Furthermore, this study was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), which analyzed target schools in multiple group analysis so that their differences were at the latent mean level. As a result, the seven-factor structure of career barriers scale . worked out well with the male students of elementary, middle, and high schools. With configural, metric, and scalar invariance tested and approved, the examination of school differences remained at the latent mean level. The latent mean analysis indicated that middle school students perceived career barriers to a greater extent than elementary school students did, except the following factors; uncertainty of future and lack of financial support. Especially, factors including lack of self-apprehension and lack of self-confidence were bigger than medium of the effect size. And mean differences of the middle school and the high school students were showed significantly in following factors; lack of self-apprehension, uncertainty of future, and lack of financial support. High school students perceived more career barriers than middle school students. Considering the effect size, the latent mean differences between the elementary and the high school students were greater than those of the middle and elementary school students. This study suggested implications for counseling practice and need for future researches.
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