초록

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본 논문은 대한민국에서 시티즌쉽(citizenship)이 어떻게 발전했는가를 살펴보고 있다. 특히 본 논문은 시티즌쉽을 시민권을 보장하는 제도와 시민의식으로 구분해서 대한민국 수립 이후 현재까지 제도로서의 시민권이 어떻게 발전했는가를 분석하고, 그와의 관계 속에서 현재 시민의식을 실증적으로 분석하고 그 특징을 역사적으로 설명함으로써 우리나라 시민사회의 현주소를 객관적으로 이해하는데 이바지하고자 한다. 본 연구에 따르면, 한국 시민권은 1987년 6월 항쟁과 그 이후 이루어진 민주화로 인해 1990년대 이후 상당히 발전했으면, 이처럼 시민의 투쟁으로 얻어진 시민권 제도의 발전은 한국 시민의식이 능동적이고 개방적이며 개인의 가치를 존중하는 방향으로 발전하는데 매우 긍정적인 효과를 미친 것으로 보인다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This article observes how citizenship has been developed in Korea. It defines citizenship as not only legal institutions but also civil consciousness and activities. Firstly, this article reviews the history of citizenship as legal institutions. Secondly, it analyzes the survey data of the Korean ci...

This article observes how citizenship has been developed in Korea. It defines citizenship as not only legal institutions but also civil consciousness and activities. Firstly, this article reviews the history of citizenship as legal institutions. Secondly, it analyzes the survey data of the Korean citizenship as of 2004 and argues that both democratization and the expansion of citizenship rights such as civil and political rights positively affected Korean civil consciousness after the Great Struggle for Democracy in 1987. For example, the younger generation of Korean citizens who were educated after the democratization attach greater importance to individual human rights compared to the older generation. They are also more active in their social political participations than the older generation. Furthermore, they are more generous to the people of extreme opinions that they do not agree with. Based on these findings, I suggest that the totalitarian statism and nationalism in South Korea has become weak a little bit, which were supposed to hinder civil society from developing in South Korea. I also suggest that the younger generation citizens" egalitarianism and solidarity were relatively weak.

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