본 논문은 태평양전쟁기 BㆍC급 전범재판에서 일본의 전쟁 책임을 추궁 받아 전쟁 범죄자가 된 조선인 집단에 관한 연구이다.
태평양전쟁 중 BㆍC급 전범재판은 일본을 포함한 아시아 49개 법정에서 개정되었으며 약 5,700명이 전범으로 기소되었다. 조선인 포로감시원 3,000명 중 129명이 전범으로 일본의 전쟁 책임을 떠안게 되었으며, 조선인 군속들은 대부분 건강하지 못한 포로를 위험한 작업에 사용하여 사망케 한 행위, 억류 시민 또는 피구금자에 대한 구타 등으로 기소되었다.
포로수용소의 전범관계에서 조선인 군속이 차지하는 비율이 높은 이유는 일본군이 포로수용소 편성 과정에서 조선인과 대만인만으로 포로감시원을 편성해 포로학대에 대한 전쟁책임을 회피해 보고자 하는 술책, 명령자와 함께 명령 실행자도 처벌하는 연합국측의 재판방식에 있었다. 물론 연합군 포로 4명 중 1명이 사망할 정도로 가혹했던 포로수용소의 강제노동은 당연히 심판 받아야 한다. 그러나 포로의 강제노동에 관한 정책을 입안하고 강행했던 대본영 관계자들은 면죄부를 받고 최말단 포로감시원을 속죄양으로 삼은 BㆍC급 전범재판은 공정한 재판이 되질 못했다.
본 연구를 통하여 필자는 일본당국의 치밀하고도 비인간적인 식민지정책을 인식하는 계기가 되었다. 이것은 필자만의 경험이 아니라, 이 논문을 접하는 많은 사람들이 공감하는 바일 것이다. 또한 조선인 포로감시원들이 보여준 삶의 궤적을 통해 나라 잃은 식민지국가의 국민이 국제사회의 냉엄한 현실 속에서 어떻게 버려지는지에 관하여도 인식하는 계기가 되었다. 과거 조선인 전범집단에 대해 내려졌던 법적, 역사적 책임을 지금에 와서 면제하여 준다 하더라도 그들이 겪어야만 했던 지난날의 참혹한 상처는 지워질 수 없는 것이다. 결 국 인간은 어떠한 상황에서도 인류애와 인간이 지니는 보편적 가치를 추구하는 삶을 살아야 한다는 역사적 교훈을 시사하고 있다.
본 논문은 태평양전쟁기 BㆍC급 전범재판에서 일본의 전쟁 책임을 추궁 받아 전쟁 범죄자가 된 조선인 집단에 관한 연구이다.
태평양전쟁 중 BㆍC급 전범재판은 일본을 포함한 아시아 49개 법정에서 개정되었으며 약 5,700명이 전범으로 기소되었다. 조선인 포로감시원 3,000명 중 129명이 전범으로 일본의 전쟁 책임을 떠안게 되었으며, 조선인 군속들은 대부분 건강하지 못한 포로를 위험한 작업에 사용하여 사망케 한 행위, 억류 시민 또는 피구금자에 대한 구타 등으로 기소되었다.
포로수용소의 전범관계에서 조선인 군속이 차지하는 비율이 높은 이유는 일본군이 포로수용소 편성 과정에서 조선인과 대만인만으로 포로감시원을 편성해 포로학대에 대한 전쟁책임을 회피해 보고자 하는 술책, 명령자와 함께 명령 실행자도 처벌하는 연합국측의 재판방식에 있었다. 물론 연합군 포로 4명 중 1명이 사망할 정도로 가혹했던 포로수용소의 강제노동은 당연히 심판 받아야 한다. 그러나 포로의 강제노동에 관한 정책을 입안하고 강행했던 대본영 관계자들은 면죄부를 받고 최말단 포로감시원을 속죄양으로 삼은 BㆍC급 전범재판은 공정한 재판이 되질 못했다.
본 연구를 통하여 필자는 일본당국의 치밀하고도 비인간적인 식민지정책을 인식하는 계기가 되었다. 이것은 필자만의 경험이 아니라, 이 논문을 접하는 많은 사람들이 공감하는 바일 것이다. 또한 조선인 포로감시원들이 보여준 삶의 궤적을 통해 나라 잃은 식민지국가의 국민이 국제사회의 냉엄한 현실 속에서 어떻게 버려지는지에 관하여도 인식하는 계기가 되었다. 과거 조선인 전범집단에 대해 내려졌던 법적, 역사적 책임을 지금에 와서 면제하여 준다 하더라도 그들이 겪어야만 했던 지난날의 참혹한 상처는 지워질 수 없는 것이다. 결 국 인간은 어떠한 상황에서도 인류애와 인간이 지니는 보편적 가치를 추구하는 삶을 살아야 한다는 역사적 교훈을 시사하고 있다.
This paper aims to study the support group of Korean persons who were held responsible in place of Japanese for the war crimes in the B and C class crimes trial of Pacific War. Generally speaking, the war crimes are atrocities which, in the middle of war or in the period of war, soldiers, police, pu...
This paper aims to study the support group of Korean persons who were held responsible in place of Japanese for the war crimes in the B and C class crimes trial of Pacific War. Generally speaking, the war crimes are atrocities which, in the middle of war or in the period of war, soldiers, police, public servants, or civilians violate the laws of war in territories of warring nation or neutral nation. And the A class criminals who are related to conspiracy of the war and the brutal atrocities in action are supposed to be tried at the International Military Tribunal in accordance with the joint resolution by the Allied Powers, the B class criminals who are related to killing, mistreatment and looting in violation of the laws of war and the C class criminals who are related to the inhumanities such as killing, mistreatment and looting against civilians are supposed to be tried in accordance with a local law in the court established at the place of crime. The B and C class crimes trials about the Pacific War were opened at 49 tribunals in Asia, including Japan, and about 5700 persons were indicted for the war crimes. 129 of the 3000 Korean guards were held responsible for the war in place of Japanese. Most of them were indicted for the atrocities such as ‘the act which killed the unhealthy war prisoners by making them do the dangerous work and the assault on the detained civilians or detainee. A lot of Korean civilians attached to the military were related to the war crimes in a prisoner’s camp. It was because the Japanese army intended to evade its responsibility on the war by organizing only Korean and Taiwanese persons as guards in a prisoner’s camp, and the Allied Powers judged the executors together with the orderers. The compulsory labor in a prisoner’s camp that was harsh enough to make 1 of 4 prisoners of the Allied Powers be killed must be judged. But the persons of the headquarters who were related directly to the war and framed policies of compulsory labor were exonerated from their responsibility. On the contrary, the low-ranking guards were judged as the B and C class war criminals. Accordingly. the trials were unfair. This paper causes to have a correct understanding of the colonial policy, inhuman and delicate, that Japan formulated in the war. Including me, many persons who read this paper will have the same feeling. Also, the harsh lives that the Korean guards had lived in a prisoner’s camp furnishes an opportunity that we can recognize stark realities of life in the international society which colonized people had suffered all sorts of hardships. Although the legal and historical responsibility that the support group of Korean persons were held for the war crimes in place of Japanese are now exonerated, the serious wound they received in the past will yield to no remedy. Accordingly, this paper gives a historical lesson that we human being must lead to a general life with universal love and value of mankind in any situation.
This paper aims to study the support group of Korean persons who were held responsible in place of Japanese for the war crimes in the B and C class crimes trial of Pacific War. Generally speaking, the war crimes are atrocities which, in the middle of war or in the period of war, soldiers, police, public servants, or civilians violate the laws of war in territories of warring nation or neutral nation. And the A class criminals who are related to conspiracy of the war and the brutal atrocities in action are supposed to be tried at the International Military Tribunal in accordance with the joint resolution by the Allied Powers, the B class criminals who are related to killing, mistreatment and looting in violation of the laws of war and the C class criminals who are related to the inhumanities such as killing, mistreatment and looting against civilians are supposed to be tried in accordance with a local law in the court established at the place of crime. The B and C class crimes trials about the Pacific War were opened at 49 tribunals in Asia, including Japan, and about 5700 persons were indicted for the war crimes. 129 of the 3000 Korean guards were held responsible for the war in place of Japanese. Most of them were indicted for the atrocities such as ‘the act which killed the unhealthy war prisoners by making them do the dangerous work and the assault on the detained civilians or detainee. A lot of Korean civilians attached to the military were related to the war crimes in a prisoner’s camp. It was because the Japanese army intended to evade its responsibility on the war by organizing only Korean and Taiwanese persons as guards in a prisoner’s camp, and the Allied Powers judged the executors together with the orderers. The compulsory labor in a prisoner’s camp that was harsh enough to make 1 of 4 prisoners of the Allied Powers be killed must be judged. But the persons of the headquarters who were related directly to the war and framed policies of compulsory labor were exonerated from their responsibility. On the contrary, the low-ranking guards were judged as the B and C class war criminals. Accordingly. the trials were unfair. This paper causes to have a correct understanding of the colonial policy, inhuman and delicate, that Japan formulated in the war. Including me, many persons who read this paper will have the same feeling. Also, the harsh lives that the Korean guards had lived in a prisoner’s camp furnishes an opportunity that we can recognize stark realities of life in the international society which colonized people had suffered all sorts of hardships. Although the legal and historical responsibility that the support group of Korean persons were held for the war crimes in place of Japanese are now exonerated, the serious wound they received in the past will yield to no remedy. Accordingly, this paper gives a historical lesson that we human being must lead to a general life with universal love and value of mankind in any situation.
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