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This paper is about the comparative analysis of the equal employment policies in Korea and Sweden. Assuming that women"s employment is affected by not only the market but also the state, this paper looks into the roles of each state in promoting gender equality in employment. The major focus of the ...

This paper is about the comparative analysis of the equal employment policies in Korea and Sweden. Assuming that women"s employment is affected by not only the market but also the state, this paper looks into the roles of each state in promoting gender equality in employment. The major focus of the comparative analysis is to see how much each state"s policies have contributed to the elimination of the gender division of labor in employment. This study also examines specific measures taken by each state in order to get the asymmetric gender relations balanced and the effects of them on women"s employment. Liberalism is an important ideological basis for the equal employment policies in Korea. The early policies had a stronger emphasis on prevention of discrimination against women than elimination of the gendered division of labor. However, in recent years, the state has made efforts to eliminate the gender division of labor and occupational segregation by gender by adapting the new child care policies and affirmative actions. The policies were created to reduce women"s child care burden and provide women with more employment opportunities. Nevertheless, the state has achieved limited success with the policies because they are applied to only a small number of women, mainly women with professional jobs. In the meantime, Sweden"s equal employment policies are based on the social democratic model, which highly values equality among all society members. Hence, the central focus of the policies has always been the elimination of the gender division of labor, the most important cause of gender inequality. The policies has effectively increased women"s workforce participation and has reduced the wage gap between men and women. However, it is noted that the equal employment policies in Sweden have more emphasis on class equality than gender equality. Lacking gender sensitive approaches in the policies, the occupational segregation by gender still remains strong in the workplace.

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