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Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This paper points out that the problem of low fertility, regarded as one of the most important problems in contemporary Korean society, is still dominated by the nation-state discourse based on developmentalism and attempts to problematize the low fertility discourse from the feminist perspective. F...

This paper points out that the problem of low fertility, regarded as one of the most important problems in contemporary Korean society, is still dominated by the nation-state discourse based on developmentalism and attempts to problematize the low fertility discourse from the feminist perspective. For this purpose, it starts by analyzing the Family Planning Program in 1960s to 1980s and the living conditions of women in their twenties and thirties since 1990s. Based on this analysis, it makes two claims. First, the changes in the birth rate cannot be regarded as a consequence of the Family Planning Program. The low fertility rate in early 1960s simply meant the return to the previous normal rate after a short period of high rate due to the postwar baby boom and the low rate in mid 1960s to early 1970s was driven mainly by the low birth-rate among city residents. Lastly the low birth-rate since 1970s was implicated in the already down-turning birth-rate even before the low fertility policy was put into enforcement. Second, the main cause of low birth-rate since 1990s is due to delayed marriage. After the IMF crisis, the low fertility was an enforced rational choice for women in their twenties and thirties to manage both work and family. Finally, this paper claims that the low fertility problem should be reconstructed by relying on maternal experiences. Especially, a move to promoting caring relationship among mother and children as a way to solve the low fertility problem is discussed.

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