[논문]A Dose-Dependent Relationship between Exposure to a Street-Based Drug Scene and Health-Related Harms among People Who Use Injection Drugs

DeBeck, Kora; Wood, Evan; Zhang, Ruth; Buxton, Jane; Montaner, Julio; Kerr, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s11524-011-9575-4

[해외논문] A Dose-Dependent Relationship between Exposure to a Street-Based Drug Scene and Health-Related Harms among People Who Use Injection Drugs 원문보기

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, v.88 no.4, 2011년, pp.724 - 735

DeBeck, Kora (British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV) , Wood, Evan (British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV) , Zhang, Ruth (British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV) , Buxton, Jane (School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada) , Montaner, Julio (British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV) , Kerr, Thomas (British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

While the community impacts of drug-related street disorder have been well described, lesser attention has been given to the potential health and social implications of drug scene exposure on street-involved people who use illicit drugs. Therefore, we sought to assess the impacts of exposure to a street-based drug scene among injection drug users (IDU) in a Canadian setting. Data were derived from a prospective cohort study known as the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. Four categories of drug scene exposure were defined based on the numbers of hours spent on the street each day. Three generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression models were constructed to identify factors associated with varying levels of drug scene exposure (2–6, 6–15, over 15 hours) during the period of December 2005 to March 2009. Among our sample of 1,486 IDU, at baseline, a total of 314 (21%) fit the criteria for high drug scene exposure (>15 hours per day). In multivariate GEE analysis, factors significantly and independently associated with high exposure included: unstable housing (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 9.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.36–14.20); daily crack use (AOR = 2.70; 95% CI, 2.07–3.52); encounters with police (AOR = 2.11; 95% CI, 1.62–2.75); and being a victim of violence (AOR = 1.49; 95 % CI, 1.14–1.95). Regular employment (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.38–0.65), and engagement with addiction treatment (AOR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45–0.75) were negatively associated with high exposure. Our findings indicate that drug scene exposure is associated with markers of vulnerability and higher intensity addiction. Intensity of drug scene exposure was associated with indicators of vulnerability to harm in a dose-dependent fashion. These findings highlight opportunities for policy interventions to address exposure to street disorder in the areas of employment, housing, and addiction treatment.

Keyword

참고문헌 (47)

1. Cusick L Kimber J Public perceptions of public drug use in four UK urban sites Int J Drug Policy 2007 18 10 7 10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.12.017 17689339

상세보기
2. Skogan WG Disorder and decline: crime and the spiral of decay in American neighborhoods 1990 Berkeley, CA Free Press
3. Weisburd D Mazerolle LG Crime and disorder in drug hot spots: implications for theory and practice in policing Police Q 2000 3 331 10.1177/1098611100003003006

상세보기
4. Navarro C Leonard L Prevalence and factors related to public injecting in Ottawa, Canada: implications for the development of a trial safer injecting facility Int J Drug Policy 2004 15 275 84 10.1016/j.drugpo.2004.03.003

상세보기
5. Sampson RJ Raudenbush SW Systematic social observation of public spaces: a new look at disorder in urban neighborhoods Am J Sociol 1999 105 603 51 10.1086/210356

상세보기
6. Shannon K Bright V Gibson K Tyndall MW Maka Project Partnership Sexual and drug-related vulnerabilities for HIV infection among women engaged in survival sex work in Vancouver, Canada Can J Public Health 2007 98 465 9 19039884

상세보기
7. Kerr T Small W Johnston C Li K Montaner JS Wood E Characteristics of injection drug users who participate in drug dealing: implications for drug policy J Psychoactive Drugs 2008 40 147 52 18720663
8. Bose R Hwang SW Income and spending patterns among panhandlers Can Med Assoc J 2002 167 477 9 12240813
9. DeBeck K Shannon K Wood E Li K Montaner J Kerr T Income generating activities of people who inject drugs Drug Alcohol Depend 2007 91 50 6 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.05.003 17561355

상세보기
10. Friedman SR Furst RT Jose B Drug scene roles and HIV risk Addiction 1998 93 1403 16 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.939140311.x 9926546

상세보기
11. Falcato L Stohler R Dursteler-Mac Farland KM Eichenberger A Eich D Rossler W Closure of an open drug scene—a case register-based analysis of the impact on the demand for methadone maintenance treatment Addiction 2001 96 623 8 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.96462310.x 11300965

상세보기
12. Mitchell D The annihilation of space by law: the roots and implications of anti-homeless laws in the United States Radic J Geography 1997 29 303 35
13. Johnson BD Williams T Dei KA Sanabria H Drug abuse in the inner city: impact on hard-drug users and the community Crime and Justice: A Review of Research 1990 13 9 10.1086/449172

상세보기
14. Punch M Problem drug use and the political economy of urban restructuring: heroin, class and governance in Dublin Antipode 2005 37 754 74 10.1111/j.0066-4812.2005.00524.x

상세보기
15. Tempalski B McQuie H Drugscapes and the role of place and space in injection drug use-related HIV risk environments Int J Drug Policy 2009 20 4 13 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.02.002 18554896

상세보기
16. Maher L Sexed work: gender, race, and resistance in a Brooklyn drug market 2000 New York, NY Oxford University Press
17. Rhodes T Kimber J Small W Public injecting and the need for 'safer environment interventions' in the reduction of drug-related harm Addiction 2006 101 1384 93 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01556.x 16968336

상세보기
18. Small W Rhodes T Wood E Kerr T Public injection settings in Vancouver: physical environment, social context and risk Int J Drug Policy 2007 18 27 36 10.1016/j.drugpo.2006.11.019 17689341

상세보기
19. Wood E Tyndall MW Spittal PM Factors associated with persistent high-risk syringe sharing in the presence of an established needle exchange programme AIDS 2002 16 941 3 10.1097/00002030-200204120-00021 11919503

상세보기
20. Kerr T Wood E Small D Palepu A Tyndall MW Potential use of safer injecting facilities among injection drug users in Vancouver’s downtown eastside Can Med Assoc J 2003 169 759 14557313
21. Liang KY Zeger SL Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models Biometrika 1986 73 13 10.1093/biomet/73.1.13

상세보기
22. SAS Institute Inc. SAS ® 9.1.3 Intelligence platform: single-user installation guide 2005 Cary, NC SAS Institute Inc.
23. Blankenship K Bray S Merson M Structural interventions in public health AIDS 2000 14 S11 21 10.1097/00002030-200006001-00003 10981470

상세보기
24. Galea S Ahern J Vlahov D Contextual determinants of drug use risk behavior: a theoretic framework J Urban Health 2003 80 iii50 8 14713671

상세보기
25. Rhodes T Singer M Bourgois P Friedman SR Strathdee SA The social structural production of HIV risk among injecting drug users Soc Sci Med 2005 61 1026 44 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.12.024 15955404

상세보기
26. Aitken C Moore D Higgs P Kelsall J Kerger M The impact of a police crackdown on a street drug scene: evidence from the street Int J Drug Policy 2002 13 189 98 10.1016/S0955-3959(02)00075-0

상세보기
27. Maher L Dixon D Policing and public health: law enforcement and harm minimization in a street-level drug market Brit J Criminol. 1999 39 488 512 10.1093/bjc/39.4.488
28. Boyum D Reuter P An analytic assessment of US drug policy 2005 Washington, DC American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research
29. Annual report: The state of the drugs problem in Europe . Lisbon, Portugal: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction; 2005.
30. National Research Council Executive summary of the National Research Council’s report informing America’s policy on illegal drugs: what we don’t know keeps hurting us Addiction 2002 97 647 52 12084127

상세보기
31. Shannon K Strathdee SA Shoveller J Rusch M Kerr T Tyndall MW Structural and environmental barriers to condom use negotiation with clients among female sex workers: implications for HIV-prevention strategies and policy Am J Public Health 2009 99 659 65 10.2105/AJPH.2007.129858 19197086

상세보기
32. Small W Kerr T Charette J Schechter MT Spittal PM Impacts of intensified police activity on injection drug users: evidence from an ethnographic investigation Int J Drug Policy 2006 17 85 95 10.1016/j.drugpo.2005.12.005

상세보기
33. Roberts DE Race, vagueness, and the social meaning of order-maintenance policing J Crim Law Criminol 1998 89 775 10.2307/1144123

상세보기
34. Platt JJ Vocational rehabilitation of drug abusers Psychol Bull 1995 117 416 33 10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.416 7777647

상세보기
35. Magura S Staines GL Blankertz L Madison EM The effectiveness of vocational services for substance users in treatment Subst Use Misuse 2004 39 2165 213 10.1081/JA-200034589 15603001

상세보기
36. Magura S The role of work in substance dependency treatment: a preliminary overview Subst Use Misuse 2003 38 1865 76 10.1081/JA-120024244 14582581

상세보기
37. McCoy CB Comerford M Metsch LR Employment among chronic drug users at baseline and 6-month follow-up Subst Use Misuse 2007 42 1055 67 10.1080/10826080701409982 17668325

상세보기
38. Sherman S German D Cheng Y Marks M Bailey-Kloche M The evaluation of the JEWEL project: an innovative economic enhancement and HIV prevention intervention study targeting drug using women involved in prostitution AIDS Care 2006 18 1 10.1080/09540120500101625 16282070

상세보기
39. Dale A Newman L Social capital: a necessary and sufficient condition for sustainable community development? Community Dev J. 2008 45 5 21 10.1093/cdj/bsn028

상세보기
40. Lo J Halseth G The practice of principles: an examination of CED groups in Vancouver BC. Community Dev J. 2009 44 80 10.1093/cdj/bsm029

상세보기
41. O’Shaughnessy M Montaner J Strathdee S Schechter M Deadly public policy Int Conf AIDS 1998 12 982
42. Galai N Safaeian M Vlahov D Bolotin A Celentano D Longitudinal patterns of drug injection behavior in the ALIVE study cohort, 1988–2000: description and determinants Am J Epidemiol 2003 158 695 704 10.1093/aje/kwg209 14507606

상세보기
43. Tyndall MW Craib KJP Currie S Li K O’Shaughnessy MV Schechter MT Impact of HIV infection on mortality in a cohort of injection drug users JAIDS J Acquired Immune Defic Syndromes 2001 28 351
44. Aidala A Cross JE Stall R Harre D Sumartojo E Housing status and HIV risk behaviors: implications for prevention and policy AIDS Behav 2005 9 251 65 10.1007/s10461-005-9000-7 16088369

상세보기
45. Aidala AA Sumartojo E Why housing? AIDS Behav 2007 11 1 6 10.1007/s10461-007-9302-z 17710525

상세보기
46. Hwang SW Homelessness and health CMAJ 2001 164 229 33 11332321

상세보기
47. Krieger J Higgins DL Housing and health: time again for public health action Am J Public Health 2002 92 758 68 10.2105/AJPH.92.5.758 11988443

상세보기

활용도 분석정보

상세보기

다운로드

내보내기

활용도 Top5 논문

해당 논문의 주제분야에서 활용도가 높은 상위 5개 콘텐츠를 보여줍니다.
더보기 버튼을 클릭하시면 더 많은 관련자료를 살펴볼 수 있습니다.

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증