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The Japanese people has widespreadly believed Japan as a homogeneous nation for a long time, although there were several minority groups. However, nowadays the Japanese society faces the necessity of having to change its dogmatic belief to multiculturalism, because of increasing foreign residents an...

The Japanese people has widespreadly believed Japan as a homogeneous nation for a long time, although there were several minority groups. However, nowadays the Japanese society faces the necessity of having to change its dogmatic belief to multiculturalism, because of increasing foreign residents and decreasing of population. In response to this demographic change, the Japanese government has set out on the Multicultural Coexistence Policy since 2005. This paper focuses on the governance of the Multicultural Coexistence Policy in Japan, because the recent Japanese multiculturalism has grown with this policy’s evolution. However, this transformation in the governance of Multicultural Coexistence Policy has not been led by central government. Instead, reformative municipalities and progressive civil society organizations have played a central role in promoting multiculturalism in contemporary Japan. Therefore, this paper examines roles of three main actors-central government, local municipalities, and civil society organizations-in developing the Japanese governance of the Multicultural Coexistence Policy.

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