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The biogeography was effect on ecological issues and influence that was studied by Robert MacArthur and Edward Wilson. Physical environments of island such as area of island and distance from mainland influence in immigration rate and extinction rate of species. This theory could explains to equilib...

The biogeography was effect on ecological issues and influence that was studied by Robert MacArthur and Edward Wilson. Physical environments of island such as area of island and distance from mainland influence in immigration rate and extinction rate of species. This theory could explains to equilibrium of immigration rate and extinction rate in species. In addition, This is widely effect on isolated habitat studies and evolution of species. Nevertheless, biogeography theory has been limitations to apply of mainland and terrestrial ecosystems that was insisted by many ecologist. For instance, food resource and human disturbance, in each island and character of each species these were ignored on island biogeography therefore, this is not perfectly sufficient theory for ecological aspect. Especially, this theory is not sufficient to explain on each species in characters of mosaics and patches and spatial arrangement.

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