초록

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Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Previous research on North Korean migrants tends to take ‘weakness perspective’ by focusing on social maladaptation and finding its causes from the lack of resources and strong will necessary for successful adaptation. In this research, I take ‘strength perspective’ to balance this biased approach...

Previous research on North Korean migrants tends to take ‘weakness perspective’ by focusing on social maladaptation and finding its causes from the lack of resources and strong will necessary for successful adaptation. In this research, I take ‘strength perspective’ to balance this biased approach. I view social adaptation as a result of combination of objective life conditions (‘high-risks’ vs. ‘low-risks’) and subjective coping strategy (‘weakness perspective’ vs. ‘strength perspective’) and the combination results in four types of social adaptation: overcoming type, developing type, frustrating type, and underachieving type. In the same sense, acculturation is regarded as a result of combination of the maintenance of North Korean culture and identity and acceptance of South Korean culture and identity and the combination produces four types of acculturation: assimilation type, integration type, isolation type, and marginality type. Results of in-depth interviews with 30 North Korean migrants show that the most dominant type of acculturation is the assimilation type and the second most frequent type is the integration type. Isolation and marginality types are quite rare. It also shows that all interviewees choose the overcoming type as their coping strategy regardless of their acculturation types, indicating that North Korean migrants have strong will to overcome their objectively difficult life conditions. Results of the in-depth interviews are the same as those of a sample survey of 1,200 North Korean migrants. The policy recommendation of this research is that the future government policy should develop plans that can locate potentials and strengths of North Korean migrants and strengthen and use them to increase their chance of self-reliance.

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