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Utilitarianism is a moral theory which justifies the utility maximizing behavior based on the fact that man pursues pleasure. While egoism concerned with the actor"s own utility maximization, utilitarianism considers overall utility of one"s enhancement and act. Compared with deontology, which is ...

Utilitarianism is a moral theory which justifies the utility maximizing behavior based on the fact that man pursues pleasure. While egoism concerned with the actor"s own utility maximization, utilitarianism considers overall utility of one"s enhancement and act. Compared with deontology, which is based on the intrinsic and categorical value, utilitarianism differs in that it concerns with utility as subjective and relative value, but is also familiar in that it underlies universalizability. However, the universalizability of utilitarianism does not take effect since it would not deal successfully with the N-person prisoners dilemma. On the other hand, considering the social good as total utility based on the liberal market mechanism, we may achieve the distributive effect, but should fail to make an equilibrium because of inequality. The welfare economists hold that it is impossible to make a social choice from individual choice directly without dictatorship. It means that there is no other way to arrange the preference orderly since individual utility can be confirmed only by revealed preference. Against this, Sen compromises the extreme dichotomy between the possibility of utility comparison and the impossibility of any comparison by suggesting an possibility of partial utility comparison. However, the libertarianists, like Nozick, also denies the redistribution of basic needs and capability on the reason of violation of rights. Because they maintain that if there are no procedural problems in acquisition and transition, individual ought to have unconditional entitlement. Understanding of inviolable rights as a instrument of welfare enhancement, Utilitarianism can be reexamined as alternative plan of balanced welfarism based on liberal individualism.

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