Acute increases in serum colonic short-chain fatty acids elicited by inulin do not increase GLP-1 or PYY responses but may reduce ghrelin in lean and overweight humans원문보기
Rahat-Rozenbloom, Sari
(Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)
,
Fernandes, Judlyn
(Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)
,
Cheng, Ji
(Biostatistics Unit, St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Charlton East, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8N 4A6)
,
Wolever, Thomas MS
(Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada)
BackgroundColonic fermentation of dietary-fibre to short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFA) influences appetite hormone secretion in animals, but SCFA production is excessive in obese animals. This suggests there may be resistance to the effect of SCFA on appetite-hormones in obesity.Objectivesto determine th...
BackgroundColonic fermentation of dietary-fibre to short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFA) influences appetite hormone secretion in animals, but SCFA production is excessive in obese animals. This suggests there may be resistance to the effect of SCFA on appetite-hormones in obesity.Objectivesto determine the effects of inulin (IN) and resistant-starch (RS) on postprandial SCFA, and gut hormone (GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin) responses in healthy overweight/obese (OWO) vs lean (LN) humans.MethodsOvernight fasted participants (13 OWO, 12 LN) consumed 300mL water containing 75g glucose (GLU) as Control, or 75g glucose plus 24g IN, or 28.2g RS using a randomized, single-blind, cross-over design. Blood for appetite-hormones and SCFA was collected at intervals over 6h. A standard lunch was served 4h after the test drink.ResultsRelative to GLU, IN, but not RS, significantly increased SCFA AUC from 4–6h (AUC4-6). Neither IN nor RS affected GLP-1 or PYY-AUC4-6. Although neither IN nor RS reduced ghrelin-AUC4-6 compared to GLU, ghrelin at 6h after IN was significantly lower than that after GLU (p<0.05). After IN, relative to GLU, the changes in SCFA-AUC4-6 were negatively related to the changes in ghrelin-AUC4-6 (p=0.017). SCFA and hormone responses did not differ significantly between LN and OWO.ConclusionsAcute increases in colonic SCFA do not affect GLP-1 or PYY responses in LN or OWO subjects, but may reduce ghrelin. The results do not support the hypothesis that SCFA acutely stimulate PYY and GLP-1 secretion; however, a longer adaptation to increased colonic fermentation or a larger sample size may yield different results.
BackgroundColonic fermentation of dietary-fibre to short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFA) influences appetite hormone secretion in animals, but SCFA production is excessive in obese animals. This suggests there may be resistance to the effect of SCFA on appetite-hormones in obesity.Objectivesto determine the effects of inulin (IN) and resistant-starch (RS) on postprandial SCFA, and gut hormone (GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin) responses in healthy overweight/obese (OWO) vs lean (LN) humans.MethodsOvernight fasted participants (13 OWO, 12 LN) consumed 300mL water containing 75g glucose (GLU) as Control, or 75g glucose plus 24g IN, or 28.2g RS using a randomized, single-blind, cross-over design. Blood for appetite-hormones and SCFA was collected at intervals over 6h. A standard lunch was served 4h after the test drink.ResultsRelative to GLU, IN, but not RS, significantly increased SCFA AUC from 4–6h (AUC4-6). Neither IN nor RS affected GLP-1 or PYY-AUC4-6. Although neither IN nor RS reduced ghrelin-AUC4-6 compared to GLU, ghrelin at 6h after IN was significantly lower than that after GLU (p<0.05). After IN, relative to GLU, the changes in SCFA-AUC4-6 were negatively related to the changes in ghrelin-AUC4-6 (p=0.017). SCFA and hormone responses did not differ significantly between LN and OWO.ConclusionsAcute increases in colonic SCFA do not affect GLP-1 or PYY responses in LN or OWO subjects, but may reduce ghrelin. The results do not support the hypothesis that SCFA acutely stimulate PYY and GLP-1 secretion; however, a longer adaptation to increased colonic fermentation or a larger sample size may yield different results.
1 Liu S Willett WC Manson JE Hu FB Rosner B Colditz G Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women Am J Clin Nutr 2003 78 5 920 927 14594777
3 Kasubuchi M Hasegawa S Hiramatsu T Ichimura A Kimura I Dietary gut microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, and host metabolic regulation Nutrients 2015 7 4 2839 2849 25875123
4 Kimura I Ozawa K Inoue D Imamura T Kimura K Maeda T The gut microbiota suppresses insulin-mediated fat accumulation via the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43 Nature Communications 2013 5 4 1829
5 Tolhurst G Heffron H Lam YS Parker HE Habib AM Diakogiannaki E Short-chain fatty acids stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion via the G-protein-coupled receptor FFAR2 Diabetes 2012 61 2 364 371 22190648
6 Zhou J Martin RJ Tulley RT Raggio AM McCutcheon KL Shen L Dietary resistant starch upregulates total GLP-1 and PYY in a sustained day-long manner through fermentation in rodents American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2008 295 5 E1160 E1166 18796545
11 Nilsson A Johansson E Ekström L Björck I Effects of a Brown Beans Evening Meal on Metabolic Risk Markers and Appetite Regulating Hormones at a Subsequent Standardized Breakfast: A Randomized Cross-Over Study PLoS ONE 2013 8 4
12 Cani PD Lecourt E Dewulf EM Sohet FM Pachikian BD Naslain D Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal Am J Clin Nutr 2009 90 5 1236 1243 19776140
13 Johansson EV Nilsson AC Östman EM Björck IME Effects of indigestible carbohydrates in barley on glucose metabolism, appetite and voluntary food intake over 16 h in healthy adults Nutr J 2013 12 1
14 Klosterbuer AS Thomas W Slavin JL Resistant starch and pullulan reduce postprandial glucose, insulin, and GLP-1, but have no effect on satiety in healthy humans J Agric Food Chem 2012 60 48 11928 11934 23136915
15 Slavin J Stewart M Timm D Grabitske H Hospattankar A Fermentation patterns and short chain fatty acid profiles of wheat dextrin and other functional fibres Dietary Fibre: New Frontiers for Food and Health 2010 177 191
16 Jenkins DJA Vuksan V Kendall CWC Würsch P Jeffcoat R Waring S Physiological effects of resistant starches on fecal bulk, short chain fatty acids, blood lipids and glycemic index J Am Coll Nutr 1998 17 6 609 616 9853541
17 Turnbaugh PJ Ley RE Mahowald MA Magrini V Mardis ER Gordon JI An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest Nature 2006 444 7122 1027 1031 17183312
18 Ley RE Bäckhed F Turnbaugh P Lozupone CA Knight RD Gordon JI Obesity alters gut microbial ecology Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005 102 31 11070 11075 16033867
20 Ridaura VK Faith JJ Rey FE Cheng J Duncan AE Kau AL Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice Science 2013 341 6150
21 Fernandes J Su W Rahat-Rozenbloom S Wolever TMS Comelli EM Adiposity, gut microbiota and faecal short chain fatty acids are linked in adult humans Nutr Diabetes 2014 4 JUNE
22 Rahat-Rozenbloom S Fernandes J Gloor GB Wolever TMS Evidence for greater production of colonic short-chain fatty acids in overweight than lean humans Int J Obes 2014 38 12 1525 1531
23 Ismail NA Ragab SH ElBaky AA Shoeib ARS Alhosary Y Fekry D Frequency of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in gut microbiota in obese and normal weight Egyptian children and adults Arch Med Sci 2011 7 3 501 507 22295035
24 Freeland KR Wolever TMS Acute effects of intravenous and rectal acetate on glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY, ghrelin, adiponectin and tumour necrosis factor-alpha Br J Nutr 2010 2 14 103 3 460 466 19818198
25 Chambers ES Viardot A Psichas A Morrison DJ Murphy KG Zac-Varghese SEK Effects of targeted delivery of propionate to the human colon on appetite regulation, body weight maintenance and adiposity in overweight adults Gut 2015 64 11 1744 1754 25500202
26 Byrne CS Chambers ES Alhabeeb H Chhina N Morrison DJ Preston T Increased colonic propionate reduces anticipatory reward responses in the human striatum to high-energy foods Am J Clin Nutr 2016 104 5 14 27169834
28 Parnell JA Reimer RA Weight loss during oligofructose supplementation is associated with decreased ghrelin and increased peptide YY in overweight and obese adults Am J Clin Nutr 2009 89 6 1751 1759 19386741
29 Pedersen C Lefevre S Peters V Patterson M Ghatei MA Morgan LM Gut hormone release and appetite regulation in healthy non-obese participants following oligofructose intake. A dose-escalation study Appetite 2013 66 44 53 23474087
30 Cani PD Lecourt E Dewulf EM Sohet FM Pachikian BD Naslain D Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal Am J Clin Nutr 2009 90 5 1236 1243 19776140
31 Daud NM Ismail NA Thomas EL Fitzpatrick JA Bell JD Swann JR The impact of oligofructose on stimulation of gut hormones, appetite regulation and adiposity Obesity 2014 22 6 1430 1438 24715424
34 Gentile CL Ward E Holst JJ Astrup A Ormsbee MJ Connelly S Resistant starch and protein intake enhances fat oxidation and feelings of fullness in lean and overweight/obese women Nutr J 2015 14 1
35 Raben A Tagliabue A Christensen NJ Madsen J Holst JJ Astrup A Resistant starch: The effect on postprandial glycemia, hormonal response, and satiety Am J Clin Nutr 1994 60 4 544 551 8092089
38 Nilsson AC Johansson-Boll EV Björck IME Increased gut hormones and insulin sensitivity index following a 3-d intervention with a barley kernel-based product: A randomised cross-over study in healthy middle-Aged subjects Br J Nutr 2015 114 6 899 907 26259632
39 Robertson MD Bickerton AS Dennis AL Vidal H Frayn KN Insulin-sensitizing effects of dietary resistant starch and effects on skeletal muscle and adipose tissue metabolism Am J Clin Nutr 2005 82 3 559 567 16155268
40 Zhou J Martin RJ Raggio AM Shen L McCutcheon K Keenan MJ The importance of GLP-1 and PYY in resistant starch’s effect on body fat in mice Mol Nutr Food Res 2015 59 5 1000 1003 25631638
41 Vidrine K Ye J Martin RJ McCutcheon KL Raggio AM Pelkman C Resistant starch from high amylose maize (HAM-RS2) and Dietary butyrate reduce abdominal fat by a different apparent mechanism Obesity 2014 22 2 344 348 23630079
43 Petersen N Reimann F Bartfeld S Farin HF Ringnalda FC Vries RGJ Generation of l cells in mouse and human small intestine organoids Diabetes 2014 63 2 410 420 24130334
44 Conterno L Fava F Viola R Tuohy KM Obesity and the gut microbiota: Does up-regulating colonic fermentation protect against obesity and metabolic disease? Genes Nutr 2011 6 3 241 260 21559992
46 Li L Jiang H Kim H Yum M Campbell MR Jane J Increased Butyrate Production During Long-Term Fermentation of In Vitro-Digested High Amylose Cornstarch Residues with Human Feces J Food Sci 2015 80 9 1997 2004
47 Aguirre M Jonkers DMAE Troost FJ Roeselers G Venema K In vitro characterization of the impact of different substrates on metabolite production, energy extraction and composition of gut microbiota from lean and obese subjects PLoS ONE 2014 9 11
48 Fernandes J Vogt J Wolever TMS Kinetic model of acetate metabolism in healthy and hyperinsulinaemic humans Eur J Clin Nutr 2014
49 Freeland KR Wilson C Wolever TMS Adaptation of colonic fermentation and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion with increased wheat fibre intake for 1 year in hyperinsulinaemic human subjects Br J Nutr 2010 103 82 90 19664300
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.