Initiated chemical vapor deposition of vinyl polymers for the encapsulation of particles
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
공개
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B05D-007/00
C23C-016/00
A61K-009/28
B01J-013/00
출원번호
US-0589683
(2006-10-30)
공개번호
US-0104860
(2007-05-10)
발명자
/ 주소
Gleason,Karen, K.
Lau,Kenneth, K.S.
출원인 / 주소
Gleason,Karen, K.
Lau,Kenneth, K.S.
대리인 / 주소
FOLEY HOAG, LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
0
초록▼
One aspect of the present invention relates to an all-dry encapsulation method that enables well-defined polymers to be applied around particles of sizes down to the nanoscale. In certain embodiments, the methods are modified forms of initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) using a thermally-init
One aspect of the present invention relates to an all-dry encapsulation method that enables well-defined polymers to be applied around particles of sizes down to the nanoscale. In certain embodiments, the methods are modified forms of initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) using a thermally-initiated radical polymerization to create conformal coatings around individual particles while avoiding agglomeration. The present invention also enables the coating of particle surfaces with a range of functional groups via direct incorporation of the functionality into the monomers used or indirectly through a subsequent modification of the surface of a coated particle. In certain embodiments, the method produces high quality functional polymer coatings.
대표청구항▼
We claim: 1. A method of coating a particle, comprising the steps of: placing said particle in a vessel at a pressure; optionally heating or cooling said vessel to a first temperature; rotating said vessel at a rotating speed for a period of time; mixing together a first gaseous monomer at a fir
We claim: 1. A method of coating a particle, comprising the steps of: placing said particle in a vessel at a pressure; optionally heating or cooling said vessel to a first temperature; rotating said vessel at a rotating speed for a period of time; mixing together a first gaseous monomer at a first flow rate, and a gaseous initiator at a second flow rate, thereby forming a mixture; introducing said mixture into said vessel via a conduit which comprises a heated filament at a second temperature; heating said mixture with said heated filament, thereby forming a reactive mixture; contacting said particle with said reactive mixture; thereby forming a polymer coating on said particle. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous initiator is selected from the group consisting of compounds of formula I: description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"A-X--B I description="In-line Formulae" end="tail" wherein, A is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or heteroaralkyl; X is--O--O--or--N═N--; and B is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl or heteroaralkyl. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous initiator is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkyl peroxides, aryl peroxides, hydroperoxides, halogens and azo compounds. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said first gaseous monomer is selected from the group consisting of R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, and carboxyl; R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, bromine, chlorine, hydroxyl, alkyoxy, aryloxy, carboxyl, amino, acylamino, amido, carbamoyl, sulfhydryl, sulfonate, and sulfoxido; X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteoaralkyl, and--(CH2)nY; Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteoaralkyl, nitro, halo, hydroxyl, alkyoxy, aryloxy, carboxyl, heteroaryloxy, amino, acylamino, amido, carbamoyl, sulfhydryl, sulfonate, and sulfoxido; and n is 1-10 inclusive. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein R is hydrogen. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein R is methyl. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein X is hydrogen or--(CH2)nY. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, nitro, halo, hydroxyl, alkyoxy, aryloxy, amino, acylamino, amido, or carbamoyl. 9. The method of claim 4, where n is 3-8 inclusive. 10. The method of claim 4, wherein said first gaseous monomer is selected from the group consisting of R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl; R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, bromine and chlorine; X is hydrogen or--(CH2)nY; Y is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aralkyl, heteoaralkyl, nitro, halo, hydroxyl, alkyoxy, aryloxy, carboxyl, heteroaryloxy, amino, acylamino, amido, carbamoyl, sulfhydryl, sulfonate, and sulfoxido; and n is 1-10 inclusive. 11. The method of claim 11, wherein R is hydrogen. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein R is methyl. 13. The method of claim 11, wherein Y is hydrogen or heterocyloalkyl. 14. The method of claim 11, wherein Y is hydrogen. 15. The method of claim 11, wherein Y is an oxirane. 16. The method of claim 11, wherein n is 3-8 inclusive. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein said particle is selected from the group consisting of ceramics and glasses, oxides, carbides, nitrides, metals, minerals, semiconductors, polymers, carbon, magnetic particles, superconducting particles-quantum dots, fluorescent particles, colored or dyed particles, colloidal particles, microparticles, microspheres, microbeads, nanoparticles, nanospheres, nanorods, nanowires, shell particles, core particles, organic nanoparticles, and inorganic-organic hybrid nanoparticles. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein said particle is selected from the group consisting of fused silica, fumed silica, soda glass, silica, alumina, zirconia, ceria, yttria, and titania, tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, boron tin oxide, boron zinc oxide, tantalum carbide (TaC), boron carbide (B4C), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium carbide, titanium nitride (TiN), boron nitride (B4N), gold (Au), silicon (Si), silver (Ag), platinum (Pi) nickel (Ni), calcium fluoride (CaF2), quartz, silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), cadmium telluride (CdTd), gallium arsenide (GaAs), polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, latex, graphite, fullerenes, nanotubes, and diamond. 19. The method of claim 1, wherein said particle is a biologically active substance selected from the group consisting of anabolic agents, antacids, anti-asthmatic agents, anti-cholesterolemic and anti-lipid agents, anti-coagulants, anti-convulsants, anti-diarrheals, anti-emetics, anti-infective agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-manic agents, anti-nauseants, anti-neoplastic agents, anti-obesity agents, anti-pyretic and analgesic agents, anti-spasmodic agents, anti-thrombotic agents, anti-uricemic agents, anti-anginal agents, antihistamines, anti-tussives, appetite suppressants, biologicals, cerebral dilators, coronary dilators, decongestants, diuretics, diagnostic agents, erythropoietic agents, expectorants, gastrointestinal sedatives, hyperglycemic agents, hypnotics, hypoglycemic agents, ion exchange resins, laxatives, mineral supplements, mucolytic agents, neuromuscular drugs, peripheral vasodilators, psychotropics, sedatives, stimulants, thyroid and anti-thyroid agents, uterine relaxants, vitamins, and prodrugs. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein said particle is ibuprofen.
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