IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
공개
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0378166
(2009-02-11)
|
공개번호 |
US-0199556
(2010-08-12)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Dighe, Shyam V.
- Darr, Mark F.
- Martorell, Ivan A.
- van Nierop, Pieter
- Gorodetsky, Aleksandr
- Bower, Richard Dale
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
0 |
초록
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A plasma gasification reactor vessel having a top section with a conical wall extending up from a bottom section, containing a carbonaceous bed into which plasma is injected by plasma torches, to a roof of the vessel is arranged in ways that can contribute to characteristics of gas flow and solids r
A plasma gasification reactor vessel having a top section with a conical wall extending up from a bottom section, containing a carbonaceous bed into which plasma is injected by plasma torches, to a roof of the vessel is arranged in ways that can contribute to characteristics of gas flow and solids residence time that are favorable for thoroughness of reactions and yield of useful reactions products. In some cases, such a conical wall is combined in arrangements with other features such as one or more feed ports arranged to give more uniform distribution including examples with a feed port that has a distributive feed mechanism. The roof of the vessel, in some examples, has vertical outlet ports that include intrusions into the interior volume of the reactor proximate the conical wall of the top section. The configurations of outlet ports with intrusions and the configurations of feed ports for more uniform distribution of feed material are also applicable to reactor vessels with other geometries.
대표청구항
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What is claimed is: 1. A plasma gasification reactor comprising: a vertically oriented reactor vessel including a bottom section and a top section; the bottom section containing a carbonaceous bed and arranged with one or more plasma torch ports containing, in each port, a plasma torch with a capab
What is claimed is: 1. A plasma gasification reactor comprising: a vertically oriented reactor vessel including a bottom section and a top section; the bottom section containing a carbonaceous bed and arranged with one or more plasma torch ports containing, in each port, a plasma torch with a capability of the one or more plasma torches of establishing an elevated temperature within the bed of at least about 600° C.; the top section extending from the bottom section to a roof over and joined with the top section; the vessel also including one or more feed ports for supply of feed material into the top section; and the roof over the top section having one or more outlet ports for exiting gases from the reactor, at least one of the outlet ports comprising a duct that extends through the roof to the exterior of the vessel and, also, having an intrusion that extends vertically within the vessel a distance below the roof. 2. The reactor of claim 1 wherein: the bottom section has one or more outlet ports for molten slag and metals. 3. The reactor of claim 1 wherein: the outlet ports number at least two ports each having an intrusion that extends within the vessel a distance below the roof of at least about 0.5 meter. 4. The reactor of claim 1 wherein: the one or more feed ports are arranged to deposit feed material on top of the carbonaceous bed of the bottom section, which feed material is, at least in part, gasified within the vessel to produce a syngas that exits through the one or more outlet ports. 5. The reactor of claim 4 wherein: the reactor vessel has one or more tuyeres extending into a lower part of the top section, below the one or more feed ports, for supply of gas or liquid constituents including at least one or more of air, oxygen, steam, and water. 6. The reactor of claim 5 wherein: the conditions within the vessel are such that the feed material and the gas and liquid constituents are reacted in one or more stages to produce gaseous products rising and expanding within the top section with sufficient residence time to form the syngas which comprises, at least in part, hydrogen and carbon monoxide that exit through the one or more outlet ports; and the one or more outlet ports with intrusions are the only gas outlet ports from the top section. 7. A plasma gasification reactor vessel comprising: a bottom section that includes a space for a carbonaceous bed and has an exterior wall with one or more plasma torch ports; a top section extending vertically up from the bottom section; and, a roof atop the top section with one or more outlet ports, to the exterior of the vessel, which extend through the roof and include a duct intrusion extending within the top section below the roof. 8. The reactor vessel of claim 7 wherein: the intrusion of each of the outlet ports extends below the roof into the interior of the vessel a distance within a range of from about 0.5 m. to about 1.0 m. 9. The reactor vessel of claim 7 further comprising: one or more feed ports for supply of feed material including solids into the top section; and, the top section has a side wall having one or more tuyeres extending therethrough for process material including gases and vapors, the tuyeres being located closer to the bottom section of the vessel than the feed ports are. 10. The reactor vessel of claim 9 wherein: the outlet ports that extend through the roof with an intrusion are the sole outlet ports of the vessel. 11. The reactor vessel of claim 9 wherein: the feed ports all extend through a side wall of the top section. 12. A syngas production system including a plasma gasification reactor vessel in accordance with claim 9 wherein: the bottom section contains a carbonaceous bed and one or more plasma torches are located in respective plasma torch ports supplying plasma into the bed to heat the bed to a temperature of at least about 600° C.; the one or more feed ports into the top section are related to one or more supplies of feed material including one or more of coal, solid waste, and biomass; the tuyeres extending through the side wall of the top section are related to one or more supplies of process material including one or more of air, oxygen, steam, and water; and, the feed ports supply process material deposited on the carbonaceous bed of the bottom section, to a depth that extends above the tuyeres of the top section, and gaseous reaction products, from reactions of the feed material, process material, and plasma fired carbonaceous bed, include carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a syngas exiting through the roof outlet ports. 13. The system of claim 12 wherein: the outlet ports from the vessel are each located proximate to the top section side wall. 14. The system of claim 13 wherein: the outlet ports member at least two. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein: the outlet ports number from two to six. 16. The system of claim 15 wherein: the roof outlet ports are the sole gas outlet ports from the vessel. 17. The system of claim 15 wherein: the intrusions of the roof outlet ports extend vertically within the vessel below the roof or at an angle to the vertical. 18. The system of claim 17 wherein: the intrusions of the roof outlet ports are parallel to the side wall of the top section.
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