Disclosed herein are embodiments of doped and undoped spherical or spheroidal lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder products, and methods of production using microwave plasma processing, which can be incorporated into solid state lithium ion batteries. Advantageously, embodiments of the di
Disclosed herein are embodiments of doped and undoped spherical or spheroidal lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder products, and methods of production using microwave plasma processing, which can be incorporated into solid state lithium ion batteries. Advantageously, embodiments of the disclosed LLZO powder display a high quality, high purity stoichiometry, small particle size, narrow size distribution, spherical morphology, and customizable crystalline structure.
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1. A lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder comprising: LLZO particles;wherein the LLZO particles have a D50 between about 20 nm and about 500 nm, D10 of greater than or equal to D50÷4, and D90 less than or equal to D50×4;wherein the LLZO particles have a sphericity factor of greater than a
1. A lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder comprising: LLZO particles;wherein the LLZO particles have a D50 between about 20 nm and about 500 nm, D10 of greater than or equal to D50÷4, and D90 less than or equal to D50×4;wherein the LLZO particles have a sphericity factor of greater than about 0.6, andwherein a structure of the LLZO particles is a crystalline garnet structure and/or an amorphous structure. 2. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the D10 is approximately equal to D50÷2. 3. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the D90 is approximately equal to D50×2. 4. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles have a D50 between about 50 nm and about 500 nm. 5. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the D50 is between about 100 nm and about 400 nm. 6. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the D50 is between about 150 nm to about 300 nm. 7. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles have a stoichiometry of Li7-3xM1xLa3Zr2O12, M1 is Al, B, or Ga, and x is about 0.1 to 0.3. 8. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles have a stoichiometry of Li7-yLa3Zr2-yM2yO12, M2 is Ta or Nb, and y greater than or equal to about 0.4. 9. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles have a stoichiometry of Li7-3nxM1xLa3Zr2-myM2yO12, M1 is a low atomic mass metal, x is about 0.1 to 0.3, and n can depend on the valence of M1. 10. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles have a stoichiometry of Li7-3nxM1xLa3Zr2-myM2yO12, y greater than or equal to about 0.4, and m can depend on the valence of M2. 11. The LLZO powder of claim 1, wherein the LLZO particles are crystalline. 12. The LLZO powder of claim 11, wherein the crystalline structure of the LLZO particles is a garnet crystalline structure. 13. A solid state battery comprising: an anode;a cathode;a solid electrolyte; anda separator;wherein either the anode, cathode or separator comprises LLZO particles;wherein the LLZO particles have a D50 between about 20 and about 500 nm, D10 of greater than or equal to D50÷4, and D90 less than or equal to D50×4;wherein the LLZO particles have a sphericity factor of greater than about 0.6, andwherein a structure of the LLZO particles is a crystalline garnet structure. 14. The solid state battery of claim 13, wherein the separator comprises the LLZO particles. 15. The solid state battery of claim 14, wherein the separator is a composite or a ceramic non-composite separator. 16. A method for manufacturing a LLZO powder comprising: preparing a LLZO feedstock of metallic salts comprising lithium, lanthanum, zirconium, tantalum, and a dopant;introducing the LLZO feedstock into a microwave plasma torch, a plasma plume of the microwave plasma torch, and/or an exhaust of the microwave plasma torch; andpyrolyzing the LLZO feedstock within the microwave plasma torch, the plasma plume of the microwave plasma torch, and/or the exhaust of the microwave plasma torch to form spheroidized LLZO powder. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the LLZO feedstock is a solid feedstock. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the LLZO feedstock is a liquid feedstock 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the dopant is selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Ga, Be, Fe, Zn, Ta, Nb, Tc, Ce, Ti, Sn, Mo, Ru, Hf, Mg, Sc, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Ir, Pt, Pd, and combinations thereof. 20. The method of claim 16, further comprising sintering the spheroidized LLZO powder.
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