초록 ▼

Electrolytic cells, suitable for depositing a metal on or removing a metal from a substrate, are provided which comprise an anode and cathode, sulfuric acid, an a chalcogen-containing compound soluble in said bath and having the empirical formula [Figure] wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R1 and R2

Electrolytic cells, suitable for depositing a metal on or removing a metal from a substrate, are provided which comprise an anode and cathode, sulfuric acid, an a chalcogen-containing compound soluble in said bath and having the empirical formula [Figure] wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R1 and R2 is selected from hydrogen, NR3R4 and NR5, at least one of R1 and R2 is other than hydrogen, each of R3 and R4 is hydrogen or a monovalent organic radical, and R5 is a divalent organic radical, in which the molar ratio of the chalcogen compound to sulfuric acid is about 1 or more, and the molar ratio of water to the combination of acid and chalcogen compound is about 20 or less. These cells enable the use of higher concentrations of sulfuric acid than would otherwise be possible, minimize hydrogen and/or oxygen evolution at the electrodes with attendant advantages, and are useful in a variety of methods such as electroplating (including immersion plating), electroforming, electrolytic machining, electropolishing, electrolytic roughening, anodizing, electrowinning and as storage batteries.

대표청구항 ▼

A lead-acid battery comprising at least one pari of positive and negative plates immersed in an electrolyte both comprising sulfuric acid and a chalcogen-containing compound soluble in said bath and having the empirical formula [Figure] wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R1 and R2 is selected from hy

A lead-acid battery comprising at least one pari of positive and negative plates immersed in an electrolyte both comprising sulfuric acid and a chalcogen-containing compound soluble in said bath and having the empirical formula [Figure] wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R1 and R2 is selected from hydrogen, NR3R4 and R5, at least one of R1 and R2 is other than hydrogen, each of R3 and R4 is selected from hydrogen and mononvalent organic radicals, and R5 is selected from divalent organic radicals, the molar ratio of said chalcogen-containing compound to said sulfuric acid is about 1 to about 10, and the molar ratio of water to the combination of said sulfuric acid and said chalcogen-containing compound is about 20 or less.