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In a method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, a surface of the glass substrate is polished by the use of a polishing liquid having a pH value between 7.0 and 7.6 that contains abrasive grains, and the abrasive grains include colloidal silica abrasive grains produced by hydrolysis of a

In a method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, a surface of the glass substrate is polished by the use of a polishing liquid having a pH value between 7.0 and 7.6 that contains abrasive grains, and the abrasive grains include colloidal silica abrasive grains produced by hydrolysis of an organosilicon compound. The polishing process includes a surface roughness control step for initially finishing the surface of the glass substrate to a predetermined surface roughness by moving a polishing member and the glass substrate relative to each other under a predetermined pressure. This is followed by a protrusion suppressing step, carried out immediately before the end of the polishing process, under a pressure lower than the predetermined pressure, to minimize polishing rate and suppress occurrence of a fine convex protrusion. A mask blank and then a transfer mask are formed from this polished glass substrate.

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What is claimed is: 1. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, in which a surface of the glass substrate is polished by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the abrasive grains comprise colloidal silica abrasive grains produced by hydrolysis of an org

What is claimed is: 1. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, in which a surface of the glass substrate is polished by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the abrasive grains comprise colloidal silica abrasive grains produced by hydrolysis of an organosilicon compound, a content of alkali metal in the colloidal silica abrasive grains being 0.1 ppm or less, the polishing liquid has a pH value between 7.0 and 7.6, the glass substrate is one of a glass substrate for a phase shifi mask blank to be exposed by an ArF excimer laser, a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an F2 excimer laser, and a glass substrate for a EUV reflective mask blank, the surface of the glass substrate is polished so as to have a surface roughness required in an exposure wavelength to be used so that a height of a protrusion on the surface of the glass substrate falls within a phase defect range that is allowable for the exposure wavelength, the protrusion being generated by an aggregate of the colloidal silica abrasive grains adhered to the surface of the glass substrate. 2. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, in which a surface of the glass substrate is polished by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the polishing liquid comprises colloidal silica abrasive grains, the polishing liquid is neutral, the glass substrate is one of a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an ArF excimer laser, a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an F2 excimer laser, and a glass substrate for a EUV reflective mask blank, and the surface of the glass substrate is polished so as to have a surface roughness required in an exposure wavelength to be used so that a height of a protrusion on the surface of the glass substrate falls within a phase defect range that is allowable for the exposure wavelength, the protrusion being generated by an aggregate of the colloidal silica abrasive grains adhered to the surface of the glass substrate. 3. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, comprising a polishing process of polishing a surface of the glass substrate by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the glass substrate is one of a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an ArF excimer laser, a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an F2 excimer laser, and a glass substrate for a EUV reflective mask blank, the polishing process comprises; a surface roughness control step of finishing the surface of the glass substrate to a surface roughness required in an exposure wavelength to be used by using the polishing liquid comprising colloidal silica abrasive grains and moving a polishing member and the glass substrate relative to each other while the polishing member is pressed against the surface of the glass substrate under a predetermined pressure, and a protrusion suppressing step, following the surface roughness control step, of using the polishing liquid comprising colloidal silica abrasive grains, controlling to a pressure lower than polishing member and the glass substrate relative to each other so that a height of the protrusion on the surface of the glass substrate falls within a phase defect range that is allowable for the exposure wavelength, the protrusion being generated by an aggregate of the colloidal silica abrasive grains adhered to the surface of the glass substrate. 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein: the pressure applied to the substrate in the protrusion suppressing step is 100 g/cm2 or less. 5. A method according to claim 3, wherein: the polishing rate in the protrusion suppressing step is 0.12 μm/min or less. 6. A method according to claim 3, wherein: the protrusion suppressing step is carried out successively after the surface roughness control step. 7. A method according to claim 3, wherein: the polishing liquid is alkaline. 8. A method according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein: the surface roughness is 0.2 nm or less in root-mean-square surface roughness (RMS). 9. A method according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein: a defect of the surface is detected by using a defect inspection system comprising laser interference confocal optics after the polishing. 10. A method of producing a mask blank, wherein: a thin film for causing an optical change in exposure light is formed on a principal surface of the glass substrate produced by the method according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3. 11. A method of producing a transfer mask, wherein: the thin film of the mask blank produced by the method according to claim 10 is patterned to form a thin film pattern on the glass substrate. 12. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, comprising a polishing process of polishing a surface of the glass substrate by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the method further comprises a defect detecting step of detecting a defect of the surface by using a defect inspection system comprising laser interference confocal optics after the polishing process, the abrasive grains comprise colloidal silica abrasive grains produced by hydrolysis of an organosilicon compound, a content of alkali metal in the colloidal silica abrasive grains being 0.1 ppm or less, the polishing liquid has a pH value between 6 and 8, the glass substrate is one of a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an ArF excimer laser, a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an F2 excimer laser, and a glass substrate for a EUV reflective mask blank, the polishing process is carried out so as to have a surface roughness required in an exposure wavelength to be used so that a height of a protrusion on the surface of the glass substrate falls within a phase defect range that is allowable for the exposure wavelength, the protrusion being generated by an aggregate of the colloidal silica abrasive grains adhered to the surface of the glass substrate. 13. A method of producing a glass substrate for a mask blank, comprising a polishing process of polishing a surface of the glass substrate by the use of a polishing liquid containing abrasive grains, wherein: the method further comprises a defect detecting step of detecting a defect of the surface by using a defect inspection system comprising laser interference confocal optics after the polishing process, the polishing liquid comprises colloidal silica abrasive grains and has a pH value between 6 and 8, a content of alkali metal in the colloidal silica abrasive grains is 0.1 ppm or less, the glass substrate is one of a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an ArF excimer laser, a glass substrate for a phase shift mask blank to be exposed by an F2 excimer laser, and a glass substrate for a EUV reflective mask blank, and the polishing process is carried out so as to have a surface roughness required in an exposure wavelength to be used so that a height of a protrusion on the surface of the glass substrate falls within a phase defect range that is allowable for the exposure wavelength, the protrusion being generated by an aggregate of the colloidal silica abrasive grains adhered to the surface of the glass substrate.