초록

수산부산물을 유효하게 이용하기 위해 폐기되고 있는 6종류 (크릴, 펄닭새우, 대롱수염새우, 가시발새우, 붉은대게, 꽃게)의 수산동물의 갑각(甲殼)을 회수하여 키틴(chitin), 키토산(chitosan) 및 미결정(微結晶) 키틴 (microcrystalline chitin) 을 제조하였고, 이들 성분을 식품산업에 이용하기 위한 기초자료를 얻을 목적으로 이들 성분의 일반성분 및 기능특성을 살펴보았다. 아울러 키틴의 탈아세틸화물인 키토산의 폐수에 대한 응집처리효과에 대해서도 검토하였다.

Abstract ▼

In order to utilize effectively fish and shellfish by-products, chitin, chitosan and microcrysalline chitin were prcpared from 6 kinds of shellfish (Antarctic krill, Red snow crab, Dae.longsuyum shrimp, Lobster, Gasibal shrimp, Blue crab) and their proxi mate composition and functional property were

In order to utilize effectively fish and shellfish by-products, chitin, chitosan and microcrysalline chitin were prcpared from 6 kinds of shellfish (Antarctic krill, Red snow crab, Dae.longsuyum shrimp, Lobster, Gasibal shrimp, Blue crab) and their proxi mate composition and functional property were studied In addition, coagulation effect of chitoaan for waste water was studled. The results are summarized as follows:
1. Chitin was prepared from crustacean shell by protein separation with 1 N NaOH at 95-100 ? for 48 hr and demineralization with 2 N HCl at room temp for 48 hr. Chitosan was prepared from chitin by deacetylation with 47 % NaOH at 100-110 C for 2 hr. Microcrystalline chitin was prepared from ohitin by hydrolysis at 100 ? for 2 hr with phosphoric acid in 2-propanol, shearing of an aqllcous dispersion high speed Waring Blendor and freeze drying of the filtered material.
2. Moisture, crude ash and protcin content of 6 kinds of chitin prepared from rarious materials ranged from 7.9 - 9.5%, 0.1 - 0.3% and 0.5 - 3.1%, respectively. Major amino acid of protein of various chitins was histidine (48.8 - 95.0% of total amino acid).
3. Chitin content(21.7%) of red snow crab shell uas higher than that of any other shell.
4. Apparent volumn and settling volumn of various chitins, chitosans and micricrystalline chitins ranged from 3.1 - 27.0 ml/g and from 5.1 - 45.0 ml/g. Water binding capacity and fat binding capacity of those ranged from 318.3 - 2382.5g/100g and from 235.4 - 2169.6g/100g.
5. Chitin and chitosan did not produce emulsions but microcrystalline chitir showed emulsifying properties. Emulsifying activity and stability of micro- crystalline chitins ranged from 18.2 - 51.7% and from 15.2 - 31.1%.
6. Increasing concentration of chitin, chitosan and microcrystalline chitin had a positive effect on dye binding capacity. Dye binding capacity of micro-crystalline chitin was higher than that of chitin or chitosan. When 1.0mg dye (Red No. 40) was added in sample 1.0g, microcrystalline chitin prepared from red snow crab binded 95% of dye.
7. Treatment of 10mg chitosan per 1 1 waste water(corvenia washing effluent in surimi process) at pH 5.0 reduced turbidity and COD of waste water. Reduction rates of turbidity and COD were 86% and 17%.

목차 Contents

• 1. 서 론...8
• 2. 재료 및 방법...9
• 2-1. 재료...9
• 2-2. 키틴(chitin), 키토산(chitosan) 및 미결정 키틴 (microcrystalline chitin)의 제조...9
• 2-3. 일반성분 및 구성아미노산의 정량...10
• 2-4. 겉보기 체적(apparent volumn) 및 수중침정 체적(settling volumn) 의 측정...10
• 2-5. 기능적 특성...11
• 2-6. 색소흡착능의 측정...12
• 2-7. 키토산의 응집처리효과 실험...13
• 3. 결과 및 고찰...14
• 3-1. 원료갑각의 일반성분 및 두께...14
• 3-2. 가성소다 처리중 갑각의 단백질함량의 변화...14
• 3-3. 구성아미노산의 조성...15
• 3-4. 키틴의 일반성분...15
• 3-5. 키틴,키토산 및 미결정 키틴의 수율...16
• 3-6. 겉보기 체적 및 수중침정 체적...16
• 3-7. 기능적 특성...17
• 3-8. 겉보기체적, 수중침정체적 및 보수력의 상관성...17
• 3-9. 색소흡착능...18
• 3-10.키토산의 응집처리 효과...19
• 4. 요 약...20
• 5. 인용문헌...22
• 6. 논문발표실적 또는 계획...23
• 7. 학위배출실적...23
• 8. 도 표 (Table and Figure)...24