초록

본 연구는 국내 저렴한 어류자원으로부터 고가의 고도불포화지방산 농축물을 생산하기 위한 기초 연구로 다음 사항을 조사, 검토하였다.1. 국내 주요 어종의 w-3 고도불포화 지방산 함량 조사2. 어유의 정제방법 개선과 안정성 검토3. 어유중 고도불포화 지방산의 농축방법 연구

Abstract ▼

Lipid contents and fatty acid composition of 10 species of fish caught in Korean seas were examined. The lipid contents of whole fish ranged 2-15%(w/w), highest in hair tail(14.6%), It was found that sardine contained highest level of EPA(1.55g/100g whole fish) among the fishes tested in this experi

Lipid contents and fatty acid composition of 10 species of fish caught in Korean seas were examined. The lipid contents of whole fish ranged 2-15%(w/w), highest in hair tail(14.6%), It was found that sardine contained highest level of EPA(1.55g/100g whole fish) among the fishes tested in this experiment and hair tail contained highest level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 1.68g/100g whole fish). Sardine seems to be the most proper source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)because it contained high levels of EPA and DHA and the price of it is very low in Korea. As the first step to refine the lipids extracted from sardine by rendering, the lipids were treated with alkali. Yield of alkali refining of crude lipids with acid value 9 was found to be relatively low, 68-70% compared with those of vegetable oils. The efficiency of bleaching was improved with the increase of temperature, but procedure suffered from unoxidative polymerization above 115℃. Three methods were tried in order to obtain PUFA concentrate rich in EPA and DHA. The first one is low temperature crystallization of lipids. EPA content was increased from 14.8% in crude lipids to 27% in the PUFA concentrate by fractionating lipids in acetone containing 5% of water at -70℃. This procedure is advantageous in the aspect that large volume of lipids can be processed in a single operation and the low temperature hardly come to harm to PUFA. One serious drawback of the procedure is the very low yield, 8%. The efficiency of separation with respect to yield and content of EPA and DHA was improved by fractionating them in the form of fatty acids. For examples, the summed content of EPA and DHA in PUFA concentrate obtained by saponifying sardine lipids in ethanol containing alkali hydroxide followed by cooling and filtering the resulting solution was increased to 60% with the yield of 80.0% and 84.0% in terms of EPA and DHA, respectively. A remaining procedure with the high potential of application on the large scale is urea inclusion compound formation. Fatty acid composition in PUFA concentrate obtained by the method was found to be varied according to not only fatty acid composition of raw materials but also the amount of urea, methanol , and organic solvent used. Under a proper condition , was obtained PUFA concentrate enriched in EPA and DHA to 27.l% and 38.2%, respectively. As mentioned above, worthless sardine by now was found to contain the fatty acids, especially EPA and DMA, which may be beneficial to the reduction of coronary heart disease. It could be turned to the invaluable products by separating the effective components from the whole fish and thus development of mild but efficient process to concentrate and refine EPA and DHA or optimization of the processes tried in this study is desired. Moreover, further studies on producing foods or drugs containing them is needed.

목차 Contents

• 제1장 서론...19
• 제2장 재료 및 방법...22
• 제1절 재료...22
• 제2절 방법...24
• 1. 어유의 분석...24
• 가. 시료어종의 지방질함량...24
• 나. 지방산의 분석...24
• 다. EPA 및 DHA의 정량...25
• 2. 어유의 정제...25
• 가. 탈산...25
• 나. 탈색...26
• 다. 탈취...26
• 라. 저장안정성 시험...26
• 3. 고도불포화 지방산의 분리...27
• 가. 저온용매분별 정출법에 의한 분리...27
• 나. 지방산염 용해도 차를 이용한 분리...27
• 다. 요소포접화합물 생성법에 의한 분리...28
• 제3장 연구결과 및 검토...29
• 제1절 국내주요 어종의 w-3 고도불포화지방산 함량...29
• 1. 총지방질, 중성 및 극성지방질의 함량...29
• 2. 지방산 조성...31
• 3. EPA 및 DHA의 함량...35
• 제2절 어유의 정제...37
• 1. 탈산 및 탈색...37
• 2. 탈취...39
• 3. 저장 안정성...43
• 제3절 고도불포화 지방산의 분리...47
• 1. 저온용매분별 정출법에 의한 분리...47
• 2. 지방산염 생성에 의한 분리...49
• 3. 요소포접화합물 생성에 의한 분리...52
• 제4장 결론 및 건의사항...56
• 참고문헌...60