[보고서]녹색성장 지원기술개발 연구

최영진

보고서 정보

주관연구기관

국립기상연구소

연구책임자

최영진

참여연구자

박영산 , 김규랑 , 변재영 , 구해정 , 권태헌 , 서범근 , 김근회 , 김민욱 , 이철규 , 장기호 , 차주완 , 정재원 , 정진임 , 양하영 , 서성규 , 배진영 , 전영신 , 김승범 , 김영아 , 이상삼 , 김정은 , 김수민 , 김환승 , 이효정 , 이은희

보고서유형

최종보고서

발행국가

대한민국

언어

한국어

발행년월

2010-12

과제시작연도

2010

주관부처

기상청

사업 관리 기관

기상청
Korea Meteorological Administration

등록번호

TRKO201100006205

과제고유번호

1365000996

사업명

녹색성장기상자원기술개발

DB 구축일자

2013-04-18

표 Fig. 2.1.1. Distribution of weather stations located in (a) Northeastern Asia and (b) Korea for application of observation nudging scheme.
표 Fig. 2.1.2. Flow chart of FDDA (Four-Dimensional Data Assimilation system using WRF-OBSGRID.
표 Fig. 2.1.3. Annual mean wind speed at 80 m above ground level for (a) 2009's wind resource map and (b) new 2010's wind resource map.
표 Fig. 2.1.4. Seasonal mean wind speed at 80 m above ground level for (a) Spring, (b) Summer, (c) Autumn, and (d) Winter.
표 Fig. 2.1.5. Distribution of monthly mean wind speed at 80 m above ground level for observation (solid), noFDDA (solid with cross), and FDDA (dashed with diamond) for (a) Sokcho, (b) Baekryeongdo, (c) Heuksando, and (d) Gosan.
표 Fig. 2.1.6. Distribution of monthly Bias of wind speed at 80 m above ground level for noFDDA (solid with cross), and FDDA (dashed with diamond) for (a) Sokcho, (b) Baekryeongdo, (c) Heuksando, and (d) Gosan.
표 Fig. 2.1.7. Distribution of monthly RMSE of wind speed at 80 m above ground level for noFDDA (solid with cross), and FDDA (dashed with diamond) for (a) Sokcho, (b) Baekryeongdo, (c) Heuksando, and (d) Gosan.
표 Fig. 2.1.8. Distribution of monthly MAE at 80 m above ground level for noFDDA (solid with cross), and FDDA (dashed with diamond) for (a) Sokcho, (b) Baekryeongdo, (c) Heuksando, and (d) Gosan.
표 Fig. 2.1.9. Distribution of monthly mean wind speed at 10 m above ground level of synoptic observation stations for noFDDA (solid with cross), and FDDA (dashed with diamond).
표 Fig. 2.1.10. Monthly (a) Bias, (b) RMSE, (c) IOA, and (d) MAE of wind speed at 10 m above ground level of synoptic observation stations for noFDDA (solid with cross) and FDDA (dashed with diamond).
표 Fig. 2.1.11. Vertical profile of wind speed for observation (solid) noFDDA (solid with cross) and FDDA (solid with diamond) for (a) Sokcho, (b) Baeknyeongdo, (c) Heuksando, and (d) Gosan.
표 Fig. 2.1.12. Annual distribution of (a) maximum wind speed, (b) main wind direction, (c) main wind direction ratio, (d) main wind direction over 5 ms-1 wind speed, (e) main wind direction ratio over 5 ms-1 wind speed, and (f) ration over 5 ms-1 wind speed at 80 m above ground level over the Korean Peninsula.
표 Fig. 2.1.13. Domain area of LES (Large Eddy Simulation) modeling System.
표 Fig. 2.1.14. Distribution of (a) 1 km resolution simulated result, and (b) 333 mresolution WRF-LES simulated result on 10 m above ground level mountainous region of Gang-won do.
표 Fig. 2.1.15. Comparison of among the observation (solid with diamond), 1 km simulation (soild with square), 333 m WRF-LES simulation (soild with triangle) 10 m above ground level in (a) Daegwanryong, (b) Chuncheon, (c) Donghae, and (d) Taebaek.
표 Fig. 2.1.16. Time series of hourly wind speed at 10 m above ground level for observation (black line and gray shading), 1 km resolution of WRF-FDDA (blue line) and 333 m resolution of WRF-LES (red line).
표 Fig. 2.1.17. Time series for hourly wind speed at 80 m above ground level for observation (black line and gray shading), 1 km resolution of WRF-FDDA (blue line) and 333 m resolution of WRF-LES (red line).
표 Fig. 2.1.18. Vertical profile of wind speed at Daegwanryong for observation (solid), 1 km resolution of WRF-FDDA (solid with cross) and 333 mresolution of WRF-LES (solid with diamond) from surface to 3 km altitude.
표 Fig. 2.1.19. Annual mean distribution of wind weather-resource map at 80 mabove ground level in North Korea.
표 Fig. 2.1.20. Monthly mean distribution of wind speed at 80 m above ground level in North Korea.
표 Fig 2.1.21. Distribution of AWS stations for wind data at 10 m above ground level located in North Korea.
표 Fig. 2.1.22. Distribution of monthly Bias (a), RMSE (b), and IOA (c) of wind speed and distribution of monthly MAE (d) of wind direction at 10m above ground level.
표 Fig. 2.1.23. Annual distribution of maximum wind speed (a), main wind direction (b), main wind direction ratio (c), main wind direction over 5 ms-1 wind speed (d), main wind direction ratio over 5 ms-1 wind speed (e), and wind speed ratio over 5 ms-1 wind speed (f) at 80 m above ground level.
표 Fig. 2.2.1. Flow chart of MADM modeling process
표 Fig. 2.2.2. Time series of observed (blue solid line) and simulated PM10 concentration (red dotted line) at 15 PM10 monitoring stations on 26-27 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.2. Time series of observed (blue solid line) and simulated PM10 concentration (red dotted line) at 15 PM10 monitoring stations on 26-27 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.2. Time series of observed (blue solid line) and simulated PM10 concentration (red dotted line) at 15 PM10 monitoring stations on 26-27 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.3. The spatial distributions of simulated PM10 concentration (left) and MODIS AOD image (right) at 12 KST (upper) and 15 KST (lower) on 26 March 2010, respectively.
표 Fig. 2.2.4. The spatial distributions of simulated PM10 (left) and PM2.5 concentration (right) at (a) 09 KST, (b) 12 KST, (c) 15 KST, (d) 18 KST, and (e) 21 KST on 26 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.5. The spatial distributions of (a) sum of Dust and Primary PM10 Emission, (b)sum of Black Carbon and Orgainc Carbon, and (c) Secondary Inorganic Aerosol at 12 KST on 26 Mar. 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.6. The spatial distributions of (a) IDDI (Infrared Difference Dust Index) from MTSAT-1R, and (b) simulated PM10 concentration from UM-ADAM2 at 12 KST on 26 Mar. 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.7. Sample forward-trajectory forecast for high MODIS AOT plot introduced in the IDEA website.
표 Fig. 2.2.8. Forward-trajectory forecast for high MODIS AOT plot simulated for the strong haze case at 12UTC on 26 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.9. Backward air trajectories starting from 19 sites (15 KMA and 4 CMA) at 21 KST on 26 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.10. Forward-trajectory forecast for high MODIS AOT plot simulated for the strong dust storm case at 07UTC on 19 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.11. Backward air trajectories starting from 19 sites (15 KMA and 4 CMA) at 12 KST on 21 March 2010.
표 Fig. 2.2.12. Leaflets for public-relations of haze phenomena.
표 Fig. 2.2.12. Leaflets for public-relations of haze phenomena.
표 Fig. 2.2.13. Leaflets for public-relations of rainbow phenomena.
표 Fig. 2.2.13. Leaflets for public-relations of rainbow phenomena.
표 Fig. 3.1.1. Distribution of meteorological observation stations in the Nakdong-river experimental area.
표 Fig. 3.1.2. Pictures of meteorological stations in Nakdong-river experimental area.
표 Fig. 3.1.3. Relationship of (a) hourly mean wind speeds, (b) hourly mean wind direction for stations N3 and N7.
표 Fig. 3.1.4. Hourly mean wind speeds for stations N3 and N7 versus a) differences of wind speed between stations N3 and N7, and b) normalized differences of wind speeds. Umean represents the mean wind speed of N3 and N7. Height (10 m) correction for wind speed is applied to wind data for station N7 by using Deacon equation.
표 Fig. 3.1.5. Same as Fig.3.1.3a, but for differences of hourly wind directions.
표 Fig. 3.1.6. Same as Fig.3.1.3, but for minute-interval wind speed data. Height correction was not applied.
표 Fig. 3.1.7. Same as Fig.3.1.3 b and Fig.3.1.4, but that white circle indicate the average values for differences which are negative only, inverted triangle the average values for differences which are positive only, black lines the average values for all data.
표 Fig. 3.1.8. Same as Fig.3.1.6.b, but for a) all day, b) daytime, and c) nighttime for hourly temperature data.
표 Fig. 3.1.9. Photography of observation site in Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.10. Distribution of meteorological observation sites in the Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.11. Distribution of temperature deviation at the Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.12. Wind speed and wind direction at the Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.13. Distribution of temperature deviation for (a) daytime, (b) nighttime at the Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.14. Distribution of temperature deviation for (a) easterly, (b) westerly at the Eunpyeong experiment area.
표 Fig. 3.1.15. The deviation of temperature for daytime at Eunpyeong experiment site.
표 Fig. 3.1.16. The deviation of temperature for nighttime at Eunpyeong experiment site.
표 Fig. 3.2.17. The outline of nested domains in the WRF simulation.
표 Fig. 3.2.18. Surface water mask in (a) control case meaning current state, and (b) wide river case meaning exploited state in WRF input data.
표 Fig. 3.2.19. Time series of temperature above ground 2 m, AWS observation data by solid blue line and WRF output data by dashed red line.
표 Fig. 3.2.20. Time series of relative humidity above ground 2 m, AWS observation data by solid blue line and WRF output data by dashed red line.
표 Fig. 3.2.21. Temperature above ground 2 m, AWS observation data (left) and WRF output data (right) at 9 KST, 21 KST, 02 November, 2007 (continue).
표 Fig. 3.2.5. Temperature above ground 2 m, AWS observation data (left) and WRF output data (right) at 9 KST, 21 KST, 24 June, 2009.
표 Fig. 3.2.22. Relative humidity above ground 2 m, AWS observation data (left) and WRF output data (right) at 9 KST, 21 KST, 02 November, 2007 (continue).
표 Fig. 3.2.6 Relative humidity above ground 2 m, AWS observation data (left) and WRF output data (right) at 9 KST, 21 KST, 24 June, 2009.
표 Fig. 3.2.23. Temperature above ground 2 m, difference between WRF results from control case and wide river case, 2007 (left) and June, 2009 (right).
표 Fig. 3.2.24. Relative humidity above ground 2 m, difference between WRF results from control case and wide river case, 2007 (left) and June, 2009 (right).
표 Fig. 3.2.25. Cross line of meterological factors, temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, difference between WRF results from control case and wide river case, 2007 (left) and June, 2009 (right) at latitude 35.8285 degree with exploited river (blue line).
표 Fig. 3.2.26. Effect region assessed by criterion of meteorological factor (temperature, mixing ratio, wind speed) from WRF results at November 2007 (left) and June, 2009 (right).
표 Fig. 4.2.1. Areas for the 2010 cloud seeding experiments: (a) the metropolitan area, (b) Yongpyeong, and (c) Andong and Imha Dam
표 Fig. 4.2.2. Flight route (a) and ground-observation network (b) for the 2010 cloud seeding campaign.
표 Fig. 4.2.3. Flow chart of the airborne target cloud seeding experiment in 2010
표 Fig. 4.2.4. Ground-based observation system for the 2010 cloud seeding campaign in Yongpyeong and Gangreung areas.
표 Fig. 4.2.5. Airborne instruments and their specifications for the 2010 cloud seeding campaign: (a) Cessna-201 aircraft, (b) AgI and CaCl2 flares, (c) Ka-band radar, and (d) Condensation Particle Counter (CPC).
표 Fig. 4.3.1. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongyeong on Feb. 10, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 18:32 (KST)
표 Fig. 4.3.2. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Feb. 10, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.3. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 18:00∼22:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.4. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, QC) from ground-based radar taken at 18:00∼21:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.5. Number concentrations of snowfall measured by PARSIVEL and the converted rainfall intensity at Yongpyeong on Feb. 10, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.6. Snowfall at Yongpyeong on Feb. 10, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.7. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Suwon on Feb. 12, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.8. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Munsan on Feb. 12, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.9. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 15:33∼18:00, Feb. 12, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.10. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, QC) from ground-based radar taken at 15:00∼18:00, Feb. 12, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.11. AWS and human (snowfall) observations at Suwon Weather Station at 15:00∼19:00, Feb. 12, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.12. Reflectivity images measured by the airborne Ka-band radar before and after the cloud seeding over Suwon: (top) before the seeding at 15:30 and (bottom) after the seeding at 16:25 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.13. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Andong on Feb. 12, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 18:09 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.14. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Chupungryeong on Feb. 12, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.15. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 15:33∼20:33, Feb. 12, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.16. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, QC) from ground-based radar taken at 17:00∼20:00, Feb. 12, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.17. AWS and human (snowfall) observations at Andong Weather Station at 17:00∼21:00, Feb. 12, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.18. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongyeong on Feb. 16, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 18:13 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.19. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Feb. 106 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.20. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 17:33∼20:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.21. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, QC) from ground-based radar taken at 17:00∼20:00, Feb. 16, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.22. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongyeong on Mar. 7, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 16:36 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.23. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Mar. 7, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.24. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 16:00∼19:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.25. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, No QC) from ground-based radar taken at 16:00∼19:00, Mar. 7, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.26. Number concentrations of snowfall measured by PARSIVEL and the converted rainfall intensity at Yongpyeong on Mar. 7, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.27. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongyeong on Mar. 7, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 17:54 (KST)
표 Fig. 4.3.28. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Mar. 7, 2010. Blue dot box indicates the cloud possibly seeded.
표 Fig. 4.3.29. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 17:33∼20:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.30. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, No QC) from ground-based radar taken at 16:00∼19:00, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.31. Number concentrations of snowfall measured by PARSIVEL and the converted rainfall intensity at Yongpyeong on Mar. 7, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.32. Reflectivity measured by Micro Rain Radar at (a) Daekwallyeong Weather Station and (b) Yongpyeong on Mar. 7, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.33. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongpyeong on Mar. 8, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 15:39 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.34. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Mar. 8, 2010. Blue dot box indicates the cloud possibly seeded.
표 Fig. 4.3.35. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 14:33∼17:33, Feb. 10, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.36. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, No QC) from ground-based radar taken at 15:00∼18:00, Mar. 8, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.37. Number concentrations of snowfall measured by PARSIVEL and the converted rainfall intensity at Yongpyeong on Mar. 8, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.38. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongpyeong on Mar. 8, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 16:40 (KST)
표 Fig. 4.3.39. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Gangreung on Mar. 8, 2010. Blue dot box indicates the cloud possibly seeded.
표 Fig. 4.3.40. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 15:33∼18:00, Mar. 8, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.41. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, No QC) from ground-based radar taken at 15:00∼18:00, Mar. 8, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.42. Number concentrations of snowfall measured by PARSIVEL and the converted rainfall intensity at Yongpyeong on Mar. 8, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.43. Reflectivity measured by Micro Rain Radar at (a) Daekwallyeong Weather Station and (b) Yongpyeong on Mar. 8, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.44. Schematic of the cloud seeding experiment at Yongpyeong on Apr. 23, 2010. Picture on left-down shows the seeding with AgI flares taken at 08:56 (KST)
표 Fig. 4.3.45. Wind direction/speed and reflectivity (signal to noise ratio, dB) from the wind profiler at Munsan on Apr. 23, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.46. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 08:00∼09:33, Apr. 23, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.47. Reflectivity Images (PPI0, QC) from ground-based radar taken at 08:00∼13:00, Apr. 23, 2010 [KST]. Red line indicates the seeding line.
표 Fig. 4.3.48. Reflectivity Images (PPI0) measured by ground-based X-band dual-polarization radar on Apr. 23, 2010 (KST).
표 Fig. 4.3.49. (top) Spatial and (bottom) temporal rainfall distribution in vicinity of Pyeongtaek, Hagaejeong, and Anseong on Apr. 23, 2010.
표 Fig. 4.3.50. Cloud images from MTSAT-1R taken at 09:33∼12:33, Apr. 23, 2010 (KST).

과제명(ProjectTitle) :	-
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총연구비 (DetailSeriesProject) :	-
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