초록

III. 연구개발의 내용 및 범위
시설재배지 염류집적을 예방 및 경감을 위해 포장 및 포트실험을 각각 수행하였으며, 토마토 관비재배시 토양 및 작물 흡수 특성, 작물의 스트레스 반응 등을이용한 작물생육량 및 수량 평가로 적절한 화학비료 사용량을 확립하였고, 기존에 집적된 염류를 킬레이트제를 이용하여 재활용하거나, 동전기를 이용하여 토양으로 부터 염류를 제거하는 기술을 개발하는 것을 수행하였다.

Abstract ▼

To prevent or alleviated the salt accumulation in the plastic film house soils many experiments conducted as follows. The first, Deteriorated physical properties, accumulated salts, and imbalanced nutrients of greenhouse soil cause the reduction in the yield and quality of tomato fruit due to the in

To prevent or alleviated the salt accumulation in the plastic film house soils many experiments conducted as follows. The first, Deteriorated physical properties, accumulated salts, and imbalanced nutrients of greenhouse soil cause the reduction in the yield and quality of tomato fruit due to the incidence of physiological disorders in fruits. With the conventional method of mass fertilization such as basal and top dressing, it is difficult to solve the problems of salt accumulation and nutrient deficiency or excess in greenhouse soil. To alleviate the salt accumulation and nutrient imbalance in greenhouse soil, therefore, it is necessary to improve the fertilization efficiency in crop production by introducing the techniques of soil test and fertigation. This experiment was conducted in fertigated culture systems under greenhouse conditions to investigate the effect of soil nitrogen content on the growth, yield and nutrients uptake of two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars, 'Super Momotaro' (Oriental sp.) and 'Rafito' (European sp.). Tomato plants were cultivated at four soil nitrogen levels of 15, 30, 60 and 90 mg kg^-1. Total dry weights and fruit yields of both cultivars were highest in the soil with nitrogen content of 60 mg kg^-1. The uptake amounts of nitrogen, calcium and magnesium were much higher in European cultuvar 'Rapito' than in Oriental one 'Super Momotaro' 12 weeks after planting, while they were similar between two cultivars until 6 weeks after planting. There were no significant differences in the uptake of potassium and phosporous among two tomato cultivars. Yield and fruit number per one tomato plant were high at the treatments with nitrogen fertigation amounts of 75% to 125% but there were no significant differences among their treatments. Compared with the 75% nitrogen treatment, tomato yield were significantly reduced by about 31% and 32% at the 50% nitrogen treatment and control (by conventional fertilization method), respectively. The effect of potassium fertigation amounts on tomato yield was investigated. Yields and weights of tomato fruits were high at the treatments with potassium fertigation amounts of 75% and 125%, while there was a tendency of the reduction in tomato yield at the 125% potassium treatment. Compared with the 75% potassium treatment, tomato yield were reduced by about 20%, 11%, and 15% at the 50% and 125% nitrogen treatment and control (by conventional fertilization method), respectively. The second, The content of P₂O₅ was 7,458, 12,458, and 15,475mg per kg in swine, cattle and fowl manure, respectively. The content of NO₃-N in swine, cattle and fowl manure was 70, 970 and 106mg per kg in swine, cattle and fowl manure, respectively. The content of NH₄-N was 203, 77 and 2,037mg per kg in swine, cattle and fowl manure, respectively. Plant height and fruit weight in ‘Superdotaerang’ cultivar were the differential patterns according to the kind of manure and volume of application, but it was not shown different patterns in ‘Rapito’ cultivar. EC level and content of P₂O₅ after cultivation were higher in soil applied fowl manure than those of swine and cattle manure.
The third, the study was conducted to determine effects of soil pH and form of nitrogen fertilizers on tomato growth and chemical properties of greenhouse soil using ferigation system. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Superdoterang) was used to determine the suitable fertilizer for fertigation. 4 different nitrogen fertilizers (urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and potassium nitrate) were fertigated with different concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 100 ppm N during tomato cultivation. 2 different phosphate fertilizers (MAP, DAP) were fertigated with different concentrations of 0, 10, 30, and 60 ppm P. 4 different nitrogen fertilizers (potassium chloride, potassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, and potassium nitrate) were fertigated with different concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm K. These results indicate that application of urea and ammonium nitrate for a nitrogen source of fertigation has little affects on soil chemical properties before and after tomato cultivation. Under high soil pH, DAP increased the fruit setting numbers. Potassium chloride for fertigation is more suitable than potassium sulfate due to decrement of stress.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 8
• 목차 ... 11
• 제1장 서 론 ... 12
• 1절 관비 재배 시 양분공급 기준 설정 ... 12
• 2절 관비 재배 시 인산시비 기술 개발 ... 13
• 3절 시설재배지 관비재배용 비종 및 농도 구명 ... 13
• 4절 킬레이트제에 의한 축적양분 제어기술 개발 ... 13
• 5절 동전기를 활용한 시설토양염류 제거기술 개발 ... 14
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 15
• 1절 관비 재배 시 양분공급 기준 설정 ... 15
• 2절 관비 재배 시 인산시비 기술 개발 ... 16
• 3절 시설재배지 관비재배용 비종 및 농도 구명 연구 ... 16
• 4절 킬레이트제에 의한 축적양분 제어기술 개발 ... 17
• 5절 동전기를 활용한 시설토양염류 제거기술 개발 ... 17
• 제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 18
• 1절 관비 재배 시 양분공급 기준 설정 ... 18
• 2절 관비 재배 시 인산시비 기술 개발 ... 33
• 3절 시설재배지 관비재배용 비종 및 농도 구명 연구 ... 39
• 4절 킬레이트제에 의한 축적양분 제어기술 개발 ... 59
• 5절 동전기를 활용한 시설토양염류 제거기술 개발 ... 81
• 제4장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 99
• 1절 목표대비 대외 달성도 ... 99
• 2절 정량적 성과 ... 99
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 104
• 제6장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 104
• 제7장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 105
• ○ 세부과제(제2, 제5)를 조기완결 ... 105
• ○ 소과제명 및 소과제 책임자 변경 ... 105
• 제8장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 105
• 제9장 참고문헌 ... 106
• <참고> 주요 연구성과 요약 ... 113