초록 ▼

□ 과제명 : 가축분뇨 처리효율 향상 및 퇴·액비 평가기준 설정
▶ 연구목적 :
○ 가축분뇨를 이용한 고품질 퇴·액비의 생사기술 및 농경지 적정 환원기술을 개발하여 자연순환농업 조기 정착을 위함
▶ 주요연구내용 :
○ 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발
- 계분의 수거형태별 특성 분석 및 공기공급량에 따른 퇴비화 특성 분석
- 수직종형 발효시설 적정 관리 프로그램 활용으로 고품질 퇴비 생산 기반 구축
○ 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발
- 맞춤형 퇴비 시험재료 준비 및 가공장

□ 과제명 : 가축분뇨 처리효율 향상 및 퇴·액비 평가기준 설정
▶ 연구목적 :
○ 가축분뇨를 이용한 고품질 퇴·액비의 생사기술 및 농경지 적정 환원기술을 개발하여 자연순환농업 조기 정착을 위함
▶ 주요연구내용 :
○ 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발
- 계분의 수거형태별 특성 분석 및 공기공급량에 따른 퇴비화 특성 분석
- 수직종형 발효시설 적정 관리 프로그램 활용으로 고품질 퇴비 생산 기반 구축
○ 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발
- 맞춤형 퇴비 시험재료 준비 및 가공장치 제작 및 맞춤형 퇴비가공조건 설정
- 가공장치 설치 및 운용기술 및 맞춤형 퇴비 특성조절기술 개발
- 가공장치 활용기술 개발
○ 가축분 퇴비화과정 중 암모니아 휘산량 저감기술 개발
- 퇴비화시 농업용 제오라이트를 혼용할 경우 암모니아 휘산에 따른 질소손실을 약 30%내외의 억제효과
- 암모니아 휘산과 밀접한 요소인 암모니아성 질소(TAN)함량은 퇴비화 기간 동안 제오라이트 5%와 10% 혼용구가 톱밥과 생왕겨 혼용구에 비해 높게 유지
○ 축사 및 농경지에서의 암모니아 발생저감 방법 구명
- 우사 내 암모니아 휘산량 분석결과 4-5월에 10 mg/h/m² 6월부터 약 5 mg/h/m² 로 감소하였고, 10 월말에는 약 2 mg/h/m² 수준을 나타냄.
- 우사내 암모니아 휘산량 저감을 위한 기술개발은 봄부터 여름에 집중되어야 효율이 향상 될 것으로 판단
○ 가축분 퇴비화과정 중 암모니아 휘산량 저감기술개발
- 퇴비화시 농업용 제오라이트를 혼용할 경우 암모니아 휘산에 따른 질소손실을 약30%내외의 억제효과
- 암모니아 휘산과 밀접한 요소인 암모니아성 질소(TAN)함량은 퇴비화 기간 동안 제오라이트 5%와 10% 혼용구가 톱밥과 생왕겨 혼용구에 비해 높게 유지
○ 축사 및 농경지에서의 암모니아 발생저감 방법 구명
- 우사 내 암모니아 휘산량 분석결과 4-5월에 10 mg/h/m² 6월부터 약 5 mg/h/m² 로 감소하였고, 10 월말에는 약 2 mg/h/m² 수준을 나타냄.
- 우사내 암모니아 휘산량 저감을 위한 기술개발은 봄부터 여름에 집중되어야 효율이 향상 될 것으로 판단
○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리
- 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 안전관리 방안 도출
- 가축분뇨 액비 시용 농경지의 유해물질 안전관리 방안 도출
○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명
- 축산바이오매스를 이용한 바이오가스 생산 연구는 가축분뇨 및 축산부산물의 최적 배합 조건을 도출하고 운전 노하우 및 D/B를 구축하여 바이오가스 생산시설 보급확대에 기여
○ 가축분뇨 오수중 염류 및 슬러지 제어기술 개발
- 가축분뇨 오수 및 슬러지 제거효율을 증대시킴과 동시에 색도, 염류, 유해균 제어를 통한 처리수의 농장내 재활용기술 확립으로 친환경 축산 유도기술로 활용 기대.
○ 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발
- 축산에서 발생되는 악취성분을 사전 저감으로 악취의 확산을 방지하므로써 축산농가에서 발생되는 악취민원의 사전차단으로 친환경 축산 유도 기술로 활용
○ 액비부숙도 판정기준 설정 연구
- 돈분뇨 액비의 폭기와 무폭기에 따라 부숙에 관여하는 요인으로는 종자발아율, 암모니아농도, 황화수소농도, 부식반응, 색도 등이었음.
- 악취센서 및 색도측정 프로그램을 이용한 액비 부숙도 측정시스템을 개발하였음.
○ 가축분뇨 처리시설에 대한 LCC 평가기준 설정
- 가축분뇨처리시설 및 관련기술 평가 대상업체에 대해 시설투자 및 연간 운영비 조사를 실시한 결과, 시설의 내용년수, 수선비, 수분조절재 투입 등에 대한 편차가 심하여 비용산출 기준의 표준화가 요구됨.
- 공법별 대안 선정에 있어서 초기시설투자비 또는 연간 관리비 중 현액을 기준하여 평가하기 보다는 생애주기비용을 기준으로 평가하는 것이 합리적인 것으로 판단됨
- 가축분뇨 처리시설 종합평가 시 AHP를 이용한 각 항목별 가중치를 적용한 기술성 평가를 종합적으로 고려할 경우 평가의 객관성 확보와 평가사업의 신뢰도를 높이는데 크게 기여할 것으로 판단되며, 향후 다수의 계층적 요인과 기술 수요자도 포함하여 분석 범위를 확대할 필요가 있음.
○ 마이크로파를 이용한 가축분뇨 고속 퇴비화 생산기술 개발 연구
양돈농가에서의 고수분 가축분뇨의 퇴비화하는데 있어서 마이크로파을 이용하므로써 톱밥 등 수분조절재 절감 및 저비용으로 퇴비화 가능

Abstract ▼

○ Investigation on the characteristics of vertical composting system using layer manure
This study was carried out to investigate evaporation rate of moisture per surface area and degradation rate of organic matter in composting facility were analyzed to develope of an optimum volume of air suppl

○ Investigation on the characteristics of vertical composting system using layer manure
This study was carried out to investigate evaporation rate of moisture per surface area and degradation rate of organic matter in composting facility were analyzed to develope of an optimum volume of air supply to handling methods of livestock farm, air supply levels of manure and evaporation rate of moisture during composting.
The obtained results can be followed as bellow;The decreases in water contents per each square meter for the different of 50, 100, 150 and 200ℓ/㎥/min. The decreases ratio in water contents was 50, 100, 150 and 200ℓ/㎥/min were 2.8%, 4.1%, 4.8% and 4.6%. respectively.
The number of layers farm(farm A) was 42,000head/farm for a vertical Composter and layers farm(farm B) was 110,000 head/farm for a vertical Composter. The decreases ratio in water contents per each square meter for the farm A and the farm B were 15% an 18.%. respectively.
Fertilizer components after composting were examined. Nitrogen contents of the Farm A and the Farm B were 0.78% and 0.56%, and P₂O₅ contents were 0.78% and 0.47%, respectively, showing the Farm A had slightly higher content than the Farm B. However, OM and OM/N did not show the difference between two farms.
○ Development of manufacturing technology tailored compost pellets
The livestock industry in Korea has sharply increased over the past 20 years. In 2009, approximately 43 million tones of manure was excreted. Most of the livestock manure is treated in a public or a private composting facility. Farmers directly spread the composted manure on their arable land as a powered compost. However, there is difficult problem to solve. Application of the current powered livestock manure compost to crop land is very difficult work due to its heavy weight and its powdered shape. For this reason, this study was carried out to develope pelletized livestock composted manure. In pelletizing process with composted manure, the optimal water content of law material for pelletizing machine developed in this resrarch was around 40～55%. (Key words : Compost, Livestock manure, Pellet)
○ A study on the reducing of ammonia emission during composting of animal manure
To evaluate the quantity of ammonia emission, and the effects of zeolite addition for reducing ammonia emission from composting of livestock manure, we conducted swine manure composting experiments with forced aeration systems. To control moisture content, the solid swine manure mixed with sawdust in a ratio 9:1 (wt wt^-1). The total ammonia emission during composting period, expressed as % of the initial total nitrogen content in mixture, was 50.6%, for addition of no-zeolite, 34.6% for addition of 5% zeolite, 37.3% for addition of 10% zeolite. During composting period, total ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in the mixture was highly maintained in addition of 5 and 10% zeolite than in addition of no-zeolite.
○ Study on the reducing of ammonia emission in livestock barn and farm land
The ammonia emission from dairy cattle barns, used sawdust as a bedding material, were 10 mg h^-1m^-2, 5 mg h^-1m^-2, and 2 mg h^-1m^-2 during spring (April. -May), summer (June-August.), and autumn (September-October) season, respectively. These different was largely affected by temperature and moisture content of barns bottoms. In dairy cattle manure storage, the ammonia emission was significantly reduced by zeolite application. The application of 2 kg m^-2 and 4 kg m^-2 zeolite on surface of dairy slurry reduced ammonia emissions by 44 and 90%, respectively. When the livestock manure compost and urea fertilizer were applied to arable land, our result recommenced that urea fertilizer was applied after 2-3 weeks application of livestock manure for reducing ammonia emission.
○ Investigation on the maturity and quality in livestock manure compost
Manure composting is a well established approach for the stabilization of nutrients and the reduction of pathogens and odours in manures, which can be evaluated as compost maturity. The compost maturity is one of the significant parameter to evaluate the quality of compost and hence a wide range of maturity test has been developed and applied. The maturity can be estimated by self-heating reaction, seed germination rate, oxygen consumption rate, respiration rate, earthworm response, and generation of CO₂/NH₃. Each method has disadvantage such as time consuming, less accuracy, and high cost. Also, in most case, maturity test by only one method does not reflect the actual extent of maturity.
Hence, application of multi methodologies is recommended. The current study was conducted to compare the commercially available two maturity testers Solvita and CoMMe-100 in association with comparison with seed germination test. Solvita and CoMMe-100 use colorimetric method to examine the amount of generated CO₂ and NH₃ from sample compost.
Commercially available composts in Korea were collected for this study. The composts consisted of about 50% animal manure and the rest of organic materials such as hulks and sawdusts. From the preliminary test, ten composts at different stage of composting were selected and measured by selected methods for maturity test. Among various methods of maturity tests, two mechanical methods (Solvita and CoMMe-100) were compared with germination test. oth mechanical methods showed similar trend in maturity test for ten samples even if there was some difference in the absolute maturity level. The discrepancy between two methods was able to be corrected to fit each other by adjusting the reaction time and changing the index level in the standard color chart. In the seed germination test, lettuce seed was more sensitive than radish seed but the trend of germination rate to reflect compost maturity was similar. Also the mechanical methods were in good agreement with seed germination test.
○ Investigation on the odors in compost and liquid fertilizer for a standard quality criteria
A wide various odors emitted from the commercially available livestock manure compost and/or liquid fertilizer is becoming a issue not only due to its possible adverse effects on crops but also due to its stink. Hence, it was demanded to establish a standard quality criteria of the odors in compost and liquid fertilizer. For this, monitoring the concentration of several compounds causing odors in commercial composts (32 composts) were conducted. The compounds included ammonia(NH₃), Hydrogen sulfide(H₂S), Methylmercaptan(CH₃SH), and volatile organic compounds(VOCs). Also the changes in odors compounds in compost were determined using lab-scale composting apparatus.
Following this, the influence of these compounds on the germination rate of chinese cabbage was studied. The findings are following from this study.
The germination study showed that negative effect of ammonia at 2 ppm on chinese cabbage seed germination. During composting pig manure with sawdust, the concentrations of total nitrogen, ammonia, and carbon dioxide were decreased. The average concentration of ammonia in the monitored composts was 36 ppm. Among the commercial composts, plant debris compost was appeared to emit the least ammonia followed by manure mixed compost > chicken manure compost > pig manure compost. The regression analysis was also conducted to see the correlations between odor compounds and pysicochemical properties and maturity of composts. A strong positive correlation between ammonia concentration and pH, EC of composts was shown. The standard quality criteria for liquid fertilizers produced from livestock manure will need to be revised in terms of offensive odor control because odor control law has been changed
○ Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils at the Consecutive Application with the Commercial Pig Liquid Manures
- Monitoring of Microorganisms in Commercial Liquid Pig Manures in Korea
Total aerobic bacteria, Esherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp. were examined in commercial liquid pig manures. Commercial liquid pig manures (n=33) were collected from muck joint resource recovery plant at April, June, August, October 2009, Korea. Total aerobic bacteria were incubated at 37°C for 24-48 hrs, and quantified as a colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL. Analysis of Esherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. were followed by Korean Food Standards Codex method. Colony of Salmonella spp. was confirmed by API kit and real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Total aerobic bacteria isolated from fermented commercial liquid pig manures ranged from 2.8 to 24.3 X 10⁴ CFU mL^-1
Esherichia coli O157:H7 was not detected, and Salmonella spp. showed the low detection frequency at only 1 sample. This study suggests that continuous monitoring in commercial liquid pig manures is required to improve the agricultural food through management of agricultural land contaminated with liquid pig manures.
- Chemical Composition and Heavy Metal Contents in Commercial Liquid Pig Manures
Heavy metal concentration as well as chemical composition were surveyed in commercial liquid pig manure to provide the basic information for mitigation research of hazardous material to agro-product. Seventy-five samples of liquid pig manure were collected and analyzed from 2009 to 2010 nationwide. Average contents of T-N, P₂O₅, and K₂O were 0.29%, 0.08%, and 0.11%, respectively. The contents of heavy metals ranged from 0.001 ～ 0.083 for As, 0.001 ～ 0.108 for Cd, 0.002 ～ 0.495 for Cr, 0.07 ～ 47.8 for Cu, ND ～ 0.005 for Hg, 0.035 ～ 1.033 for Ni, ND ～ 0.291 for Pb, and 0.75 ～ 342.4 mg L^-1 for Zn, respectively. It was noted that among 75 samples, only four samples exceeded the Zn guideline (130 mg L^-1) of liquid fertilizer derived from livestock manure but others were not exceeded the regulation.
- Accumulation of Heavy Metals in A gricultural Soils at the Consecutive Application with the Commercial Pig Liquid Manures
Heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc were analyzed in the 41 samples of paddy soils and 54 sample of upland soils consecutively applied with commercial pig liquid manures for 0 to 16 years. Heavy metal accumulation were not increased statistically as the consecutive application year of commercial liquid pig manure were increased. Therefore, decision on the possibility of heavy metal accumulation in agricultural fields following to the long-term application of pig liquid manure will be considered later. However, analysis of heavy metal in agricultural fields is absolutely necessary before pig liquid manure application to the fields because some of surveyed upland soils exceeded the criteria of cadmium, copper, and zinc designated by the Soil Environmental Conservation Act in Korea.
○ Livestock for the production of methane gas, biomass study optimum mix level
Biogas production in anaerobic digestion is performed using mixtures of pig, cow and poultry manure under mesophilic condition in laboratory scale units. The digested distillery sludge was used as inoculum and mixtures of livestock manure were incubated in anaerobic batch reactor. The characteristics of biogas production was compared as various mixture ratios of pig, cow and poultry manure. As the proportion of cow manure increased organic loading rate (OLR) decreased from 1.71 to 1.30 VS_added m_-3 and biogas production potential decreased. In the case of adding poultry manure, the biogas production was fluctuated according to the time due to the ammonia production which results in the system instability. The results suggest that the biogas production potential in a system digesting a mixture of livestock manure at mesophilic condition were in the range 290-648 L kg^-1 VS _added, with a 30-55 % of methane concentration.
○ Livestock manure and sludge control technology, controlled study of the salt
The aim of this study was to investigate the removal effects of the color, nutritive salts and other pollutants on piggery slurry by biological reactor using filamentous media and an advanced oxidation process (AOP) consisting of ozone, ultra violet, ultrasonic, and hydrogen peroxide treatment. Sludge accumulation in the biological reactor equipped with filamentous media was lower than that of biological reactor not equipped. The experimental AOP(advanced oxidation process) system was designed to treat 300 L of piggery slurry per hour. To enhance oxidizing power of the experimental APO system, a ultraviolet irradiation system and the ultrasonic system were attached to the AOP system. With 5 min ultrasonic treatment, COD, SS and T-N concentrations were changed from 259, 267, and 82 to 278, 233, and 86 mg/L, respectively. With 10 min ozone treatment, BOD concentrations tended to decrease but T-N concentration was not changed. With the treatment of both ozone and UV for 30 min, COD concentration was decreased from 392 to 72mg/L. With the treatment of both ozone and ultraviolet irradiation for 10 min, E.coli and Salmonella decreased from 710 and 65 to 11 and 0.
○ Prevent the spread of odors and reducing stalls caused development of bio-devices
The odor problem in the livestock is increasing by 7% annually. Most importantly, the livestock odor problem in swinery accounts for the maximum ratio (54%). In this study, we reviewed the possibility of deodorizing swinery using an odor reduction device that can be used with the water washing system. First, the study confirmed that the solubility of odor gas, which was hydrogen sulfide, was very low regardless of the contact time with solvent, but the solubility of methyl mercaptan was found to increase along with the increase in time. The solubility of other odor gases, such as dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and ammonia, was considerably high. Consequently, it is considered that if the odor reduction device for the water washing system deodorization is used in a swinery, the time during which the exhaust gas is in contact with usable water must be extended, or solvent quantity must be expanded. However, it is predicted that although hydrogen sulfide is easily generated in the anaerobic condition, it is difficult to expect high odor reduction efficiency because this gas has low solubility in water, especially in case it is used in the deodorization of the water washing system. The result of the solubility experiment using the bench-scale device practically manufactured was represented the higher odor reduction ratio than expected. This result was possible because the removal efficiency of dust particles could be reached up to 93%. Therefore, it is judged that also the odor gas absorbed on dust particles could be removed by removal of dust. Consequently, it is expected that the higher order reduction ratio will be possible by structural improvement for increasing contact with water and odor gas.
○ Study on development of measuring system and method for fermentation degree of liquid manure
This study was conducted to develop an measuring system and method for fermentation degree of liquid manure by visible/ultraviolet ray. The constituent changes of liquid manure were examined. pH gradually increased with time, but EC gradually decreased. Odor strength decreased gradually with aeration treatment with time. Control needed more time to decrease odor strength than aeration treatment. In aeration treatment, there was no germination of seeds (radish, chinese cabbage) till 6 weeks and germination rate at 15th week was over 50%. However, in control, there was no germination till end of experiment. Circular chromatography method showed that there was change after 10th week in aeration treatment but there was no change till end of experiment in control. As a result, the fermentation degree of liquid manure would have relations among pH, EC, germination rate, and reaction of circular chromatography. These results are indications of the rapid determination of the fermentation degree of liquid pig manure through the visible/ultraviolet ray analysis. The simple analytical instrument for liquid pig manure consisted of a tungsten halogen and deuterium lamp for light source, a sample holder, a quartz cell, spectrometer for spectrum analyzer, a malodour measuring device, a software, etc. Results showed that the simple analytical instrument that was developed can approximately predict the fermentation degree of liquid pig manure by visible/ultraviolet ray. Generally, the experiment proved that the simple analytical instrument was reliable, feasible and practical for analyzing the fermentation degree of liquid pig manure. (key word ; Liquid manure, Fermentation degree, Analyzer)
○ LCC evaluation facilities for livestock manure treatment technology research
To assess the total cost with all stages of facilities, the feasibility of Life Cycle Cost(LCC) analysis was examined in this study to estimate the livestock manure treatment system and optimal decision making process. For the economic evaluation, the plant/equipment investment and annual operation cost of four Public Livestock Recycling Facilities, whose treatment capacity is 100 ton piggery manure per day, was compared.
The initial cost was in the range of 2,699 million won to 3,202 million won, where T and E methods were highest and lowest, respectively. The annual operation cost was in the level of 378 million to 498 million won, which decreased in the following order : T method > J method > E method > B method. For the LCC analysis, 4.7 % of interest rate, 3.13 % of inflation rate, and 1.52 % of net discount rate was considered by the data received from Bank of Korea and Statics Korea in the period of 2000 to 2009. Also, for the calculation of present value factor, the durable years of civil engineering & construction, machinery and electric instrument was 30 years, 10 years and 15 years, respectively.
Based on these consideration, operation cost was in the range of 17,570 won/ton to 20,661 won/ton, and E method (17,570 won/ton) was economical and B method (20,661 won/ton) was non-economical. Though initial cost of T method was higher than that of B method, LCC analysis of T method was lower than that of T method due to the lower operation cost. Therefore, LCC analysis, which considers both initial cost and operation cost, is more reasonable evaluation method than either initial cost or annual operation cost. For the change of LCC analysis according to the uncertainty, the sensitivity analysis was carried out using fluctuation magnitude of discount rate in the period of 2000 to 2009. As a result, LCC analysis evaluated by discount rate was stable for the uncertain factors since the cost leadership did not change even though the sensitivity analysis varied. In summary, the economic evaluation using LCC analysis could be an efficient reference to choose the suitable livestock manure treatment plants. Furthermore, standardization of statement calculation for the actual cost analysis should be conducted and more detailed study is necessary to validate this summary. Therefore, the application of comprehensive technology evaluation, which considers LCC analysis, should contribute in obtaining objectivity and enhancing reliability for the Livestock Manure Treatment Systems and Related Technologies Assessment Program.
The objective of this study was to suggest strategies for improving 『Livestock Manure Treatment Systems and Related Technologies Assessment Program』. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to evaluate reasonableness of applied weight value for assessment and improve program management strategies. Results of mail survey collected from animal manure treatment technology specialists of 30 companies nationwide were used for AHP.
Company’s ability, technological prowess, facility’s convenience, economic feasibility are four important aspects of assessment program evaluation using AHP. More than 70% of the respondents said they were overall satisfied with the objectivity of assessment program regarding above four evaluation aspects. However, only 36% of them answered that they were very satisfied with the objectivity of assessment program in terms of economic feasibility. The evaluation results revealed that the assessment program needs to be made up for the weak points regarding economic feasibility. The AHP weight calculation results showed that the current assessment program overestimates the technological prowess, especially livestock manure treatment efficiency. It suggests that the weight value of current assessment program in terms of technological prowess needs to be determined carefully. The current assessment program combined with AHP weight value determination approach will be very useful to improve objectivity and reliability of assessment.
○ Development of treatment efficiency about livestock Manure high speed composting system for the use of micro-wave
Swine manure slurry that farmers occur every day Why does not Recycling hwahayeo seulreorinae average over 95% moisture content, such as sawdust, water requirement is excessive, it takes one trillion suppressed due to economic pressures, with low moisture solids content accordingly were carried out, even if it is normal composting process, is in a difficult situation. Therefore, pig slurry moisture content of 95% or proper composting difficult in reality sawdust, and moisture control material usage, less can be a way to develop this research was conducted, the test material with microwaves using a compost material response time each of 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes, after examining the expression using the method laid down the blower driving tests was an aerobic composting. 20 ℓ container compost Tues conditions to supply air to the compost pile by providing 150 ℓper 1 ㎥ were two weeks.
During the compost fermentation temperature in the microwave treatment of 15 minutes examining the first to reach the highest was 65 ℃, 20min.> 10 min.> 5 min. order that fermentation was investigated at elevated temperatures of 20min.> 10 min.> 5 min. In addition, over the course of the compost fermentation Hwajeong weeks after a small amount of weight for 15 minutes microwave treatment was highest in △ 31.9% from 20 min.> 5 min.> 10 min. followed by treatment were investigated.
2 weeks after the end of primary fermentation, the reduction of the total weight of the microwave in 15 buncheorigueseo △ 39.6% was the highest reduction, 20 buncheorigu △ 34.1%, 5min. △ 33.5 △ 28.9%, and 10 minutes treatment to be reduced was investigated.
Therefore, microwave irradiation curing pig manure compost over time in the process of composting Tues balho temperature difference in weight and I was the surveyed, 15 minutes, especially in the most efficient survey treatments that were reported to have an aerobic composting process

목차 Contents

• 제출문 ... 1
• 요약문 ... 2
• SUMMARY ... 12
• 제1장 서 론 ... 20
• ○ 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발 ... 21
• ○ 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발 ... 22
• ○ 가축분 퇴비화과정 중 암모니아 휘산량 저감기술 개발 ... 22
• ○ 축사 및 농경지에서의 암모니아 발생저감 방법 구명 ... 23
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴비의 부숙도 및 이화학적 품질 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 23
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴·액비의 악취농도 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 24
• ○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 25
• ○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 26
• ○ 가축분뇨 오수중 염류 및 슬러지 제어기술 개발 ... 26
• ○ 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발 ... 27
• ○ 액비부숙도 판정기준 설정 연구 ... 28
• ○ 가축분뇨 처리시설에 대한 LCC 평가기술 연구 ... 29
• ○ 마이크로파를 이용한 가축분뇨 고속 퇴비화 생산기술 개발 연구 ... 30
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 31
• ○ 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발 ... 31
• ○ 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발 ... 33
• ○ 가축분 퇴비화과정 중 암모니아 휘산량 저감기술 개발 ... 33
• ○ 축사 및 농경지에서의 암모니아 발생저감 방법 구명 ... 34
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴비의 부숙도 및 이화학적 품질 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 35
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴·액비의 악취농도 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 37
• ○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 38
• ○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 39
• ○ 가축분뇨 오수중 염류 및 슬러지 제어기술 개발 ... 40
• ○ 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발 ... 40
• ○ 액비부숙도 판정기준 설정 연구 ... 41
• ○ 가축분뇨 처리시설에 대한 LCC 평가기술 연구 ... 42
• ○ 마이크로파를 이용한 가축분뇨 고속 퇴비화 생산기술 개발 연구 ... 43
• 제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 45
• 제1절. 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발 ... 45
• 제2절. 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발 ... 55
• 제3절. 가축분 퇴비화과정 중 암모니아 휘산량 저감기술 개발 ... 61
• 제4절. 축사 및 농경지에서의 암모니아 발생저감 방법 구명 ... 67
• 제5절. 퇴·액비의 부숙도 및 이화학적 품질 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 73
• 제6절. 가축분뇨 활용 퇴·액비의 악취농도 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 97
• 제7절. 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 106
• 제8절. 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 117
• 제9절. 가축분뇨 오수중 염류 및 슬러지 제어기술 개발 ... 121
• 제10절. 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발 ... 134
• 제11절. 액비부숙도 판정기준 설정 연구 ... 140
• 제12절. 가축분뇨 처리시설에 대한 LCC 평가기술 연구 ... 149
• 제13절. 마이크로파를 이용한 가축분뇨 고속 퇴비화 생산기술 개발 연구 ... 162
• 제4장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 171
• 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 171
• 제2절 정량적 성과 ... 173
• 제5장 연구개발 결과의 활용계획 ... 178
• ○ 수직종형 발효시설 이용 계분퇴비화 최대화 방법 개발 ... 178
• ○ 맞춤형 펠렛퇴비 제조기술 개발 ... 178
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴비의 부숙도 및 이화학적 품질 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 178
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴·액비의 악취농도 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 178
• ○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 178
• ○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 178
• ○ 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발 ... 178
• ○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 179
• ○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 179
• ○ 가축분뇨 오수중 염류 및 슬러지 제어기술 개발 ... 179
• ○ 축사발생 악취의 확산방지 및 저감 바이오장치 개발 ... 179
• ○ 액비부숙도 판정기준 설정 연구 ... 179
• ○ 가축분뇨 처리시설에 대한 LCC 평가기술 연구 ... 179
• ○ 마이크로파를 이용한 가축분뇨 고속 퇴비화 생산기술 개발 연구 ... 179
• 제 6 장 중요 변동사항 ... 180
• ○ 가축분뇨 활용 퇴·액비의 악취농도 평가기준(안) 설정 연구 ... 180
• ○ 가축분뇨 액비의 유해물질 관리 ... 180
• ○ 메탄가스 생산을 위한 축산 바이오매스 최적 배합 수준 구명 ... 180
• 제7장 참고문헌 ... 181
• 주요 결과 요약서 ... 194