[보고서]해외 희유금속자원 탐사 및 부존잠재성 평가

고상모

[국가R&D연구보고서] 해외 희유금속자원 탐사 및 부존잠재성 평가
Potential evaluation and exploration of overseas rare metal resources 원문보기

보고서 정보
주관연구기관	한국지질자원연구원 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
연구책임자	고상모
참여연구자	진광민 , 김의준 , 양석준 , 이길재 , 류충렬 , 윤소정 , 오현주 , 박성원 , 허철호 , 유봉철 , 박계순 , 이범한 , 유장한 , 김수영 , 문동혁 , 유병운 , 송영훈 , 이용진 , 조성욱
보고서유형	연차보고서
발행국가	대한민국
언어	한국어
발행년월	2013-12
과제시작연도	2013
주관부처	미래창조과학부 KA
연구관리전문기관	한국지질자원연구원 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources
등록번호	TRKO201400003290
과제고유번호	1711009440
DB 구축일자	2014-05-07
키워드	아프리카,남미,희유금속,탐사,부존잠재성 평가Africa,South America,Rare metal,exploration,Potential evaluation

초록 ▼

개발결과요약
최종(연차)목표
아프리카 콩고민주공화국, 에티오피아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발타상성 조사, 남미 콜롬비아 희유금속 유망광구 확보 및 개발 타당성 조사, 터키 동부 희토류 및 스카른광상 예비조사, 아프리카 및 남미 희유금속 자원개발 교두보 마련 및 국내기업 진출을 위한 정보 제공
개발내용 및 결과
에티오피아의 남부 아돌라 벨트 내 페그마타이트와 관련된 Nb-Ta 부존 가능성과 잠재가능성을 확인, 콩고민주공화국 동부에 발달하는 주석광화대 중에서 카탕가주에 위치하는 콩골로 지역을 대상으로 정밀 지화학 탐사를 수행하여 Nb-Ta-Sn 이상대를 확인하고 근원암체인 페그마타이트를 확인, 콜롬비아 Vichada주의 동남부 지역에서 확인된 2개소 지화학이상대에 대한 전밀조사 수행, 터키 MTA에서 탐사중인 동부 Keban 광화대 공동조사, 중부지역 형석광화대를 대상한 희토류 부존잠재성 확인조사를 수행하였다.
기대효과
정부는 2009년 11월27일 “희소금속 소재산업 발전 종합대책 및 전략수립”에서 해외자원개발을 통한 희유금속 확보를 주요 확보방안으로 정하여 이의 실현에 본 사업이 기여하여 정부의 자원정책을 지원. 또한 정부에서는 Li 및 희토류를 신전략광종으로 지정하여 장기 수급을 위한 대책을 마련하고 있음으로 이의 정책지원
적용분야
정부의 2007년 제3차 해외자원개발 기본계획 (2007-2016)을 수립하여 8대 전략광종(석유, 천연가스, 유연탄, 우라늄, 철, 동, 아연, 니켈)에 대해 자주개발 목표량을 설정하여 탐사 광구의 개발을 통한 자주개발율 상승을 추구하고 있어 이의 실현에 본 사업이 기여 할 수 있을 것임.

Abstract ▼

Ⅳ. Results
1. Ethiopia
The southern part of Ethiopia consists of granite-gneiss complex and ophiolitic fold-thrust complex. The rare-metal mineralization related to pegmatite focuses on ophiolitic fold-thrust complex. Our survey focused on the Kilkele, Shune, Bupo in the Kenticha pegmatite field and Bambo-waha pegmatite I, II, and III in the Bambo-waha pegmatite field. The pegmatites in the Kenticha pegmatite field are characterized by occurrences of massive quartz core and the association of quartz-muscovite-albite. They intruded into quartz-mica schist and serpentinite and hosted columbite-tantalite minerals, beryl, and aquamarine. In contrast, the pegmatites from the Bambo-waha pegmatite field occurred in leucocratic quartz-feldspar-muscovite granite. The pegmatite III in the Bambo-waha pegmatite field occurs in the contact zone between biotite granite and quartz-mica schist. The Bambo-waha pegmatite III hosts columbite-tantalite minerals, rutile, ilmenite, and garnet. The columbite-tantalite minerals from the Kenticha and Bambo-waha pegmatite fields mostly show low Ta/Nb and Mn/Fe ratios and are classified into Fe-columbite. With the whole rock composition, the Shune pegmatite contains <10 to 1,466 ppm Ta and <10 to 6,094 ppm Nb. The Kilkele pegmatite contains <10 to 893 ppm Ta and <10 to 114 pm Nb. The Bupo pegmatite contains <10 to 329 ppm Ta and 14 to 252 ppm Nb. The Bambo-waha pegmatite contains 13 to 55 ppm Ta and 38 to 94 ppm Nb. Compared to the Kenticha pegmatite, these pegmatites tend to be slightly depleted in Ta and Nb. But some of the Shune and Kilkele pegmatites are strongly enriched in Ta and Nb, compared to the Kenticha pegmatite.
2. DR Congo
The joint geological survey between KIGAM and CRGM was conducted in and around the Katanga province for Sn, Nb, and Ta according to research agreement that concluded in February, 2013. The survey area is located in the Kongolo district of Katanga province. Most of deposits in the Katanga province are genetically related to the tin-granite, pegmatite, and quartz vein in the Middle Proterozoic Kibaran belt. There is a large amount of cassiterite, coltan, and gold deposits related to the tin-granite in the Kibaran belt. These deposits are hosted by the pegmatite, quartz vein, and greisens. The geochemical exploration of stream sediments were carried out to identify Sn, Nb, Ta, As, and W geochemical anomalies were confirmed in a few sites of the survey areas. The detailed survey will be performed for the target area of the Kongolo district in 2014.
3. Colombia
Technical cooperation of the geological survey and rare metal exploration for the Nb-Ta mineralized area was carried out in the Vichada Province of the eastern part of Colombia in the year of 2013.
The joint survey, including detailed geological and geochemical surveys on the northern and southern anomaly zones of the Nb-Ta mineralization of the Vichada province were conducted based on the contracts based on the result of 2012. The study area, Vichada, eastern Colombia, is composed of Mesoproterozoic Parguaza or Rapakivi granite, which is covered by Quaternary alluvium. Samples of dykes, veinlets, soils on trench survey, stream sediments, and residual coltan aggregates were caught in the study area. According to the chemical analysis on stream sediments, the high contents of the Nb, Ta, Zr, Ti, Hf, Rb and Zr are detected, respectively. However, any particular mineralization of vein quartz, pegmatite and granitic bodies of the northern and southern anomaly zones was not identified.
Some sporadic anomalies are probably due to the thin quartz veins and pegmatites bearing small amounts of Nb-Ta minerals which had been eroded out because of severe weathering phenomena on the near of earth's surface.
4. Turkey
Fluorite deposit and alkaline syenite and granite in Kirsehir, Turkey shows middle to low radioactive anomaly. Contents of total rare earth element (TREO) shows the highest value, up to 1.7 REO %, in Alisar fluorite deposit, however, average value is low, several hundred ppm, so that the potential of REE mineralization is quite low.
Skarn mineralization in Keban located in the contact zone between calcarous rock and syenite. Skarn mineralization is related to garnet, epidote, fluorite with Fe oxide zone. Mineralization types are Fracture filling calcite vein associates with sulphide minerals, such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, molybdenite, sphalerite etc., and Cu oxide minerals, or Fe oxide vein associated with chalcopyrite, azurite, malachite, molybdenite.
N60°W direction britholite vein in Basoren fluorite deposit develops unidentified width and length. The bundle of britholite ore shows very high radioactive value (51,000cps) and MTA will explore the REE deposit to define the ore body shortly.
MTA has been studying lithium contents in boron deposit in Turkey for the last 3years, including this year. Furthermore, according to the result, our discussion will make the cooperation project in the next year.

목차 Contents

표지 ... 1
제출문 ... 2
연차보고서 요약서 ... 3
요약문 ... 4
SUMMARY ... 8
CONTENTS ... 12
목차 ... 13
Figures list ... 15
Tables list ... 24
제1장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 26
제1절 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 ... 26
1. 최종목표 ... 26
2. 연차별 연구개발 목표 및 내용 ... 26
제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 30
제1절 국내 기술개발 현황 ... 30
1. 서언 ... 30
2. 탐사기술 ... 31
제2절 해외 기술개발 현황 ... 33
제3장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 37
제1절 에티오피아 ... 37
1. 서론 ... 37
2. 조사내용 ... 37
3. 결론 ... 71
제2절 콩고민주공화국 ... 73
1. 서론 ... 73
2. 콩고민주공화국 남동부 주석벨트(키바란대) ... 74
3. 카탕가 주 (Katanga) 산업활동 현황 ... 77
4. 연구지역의 지질 및 광상 ... 78
5. 콩골로 일대의 지질구조 ... 82
6. 연구수행 내용 ... 85
7. 결론 ... 103
제3절 콜롬비아 ... 106
1. 조사지역 ... 106
2. 지 질 ... 106
3 . 조사내용 ... 109
4. 화학성분 분석 ... 118
5. 결론 ... 121
제4절 터키 ... 122
1. 서론 ... 122
2. 2013년도 1차 공동조사 ... 122
3. 2013년 2차공동 조사 결과 ... 136
4. 말라티아 인근 분석 결과 ... 145
5. 2013년도 공동조사 결과 ... 150
제5절 자원외교 지원 ... 152
1. 모잠비크 ... 152
2. 콩고민주공화국 ... 155
3. 가봉 ... 159
제6절 위탁연구결과 ... 161
1. 위탁과제 1 (에티오피아) ... 161
2. 위탁과제 2 (콩고민주공화국) ... 197
3. 위탁과제 3 (콜롬비아) ... 284
제7절 광물자원 포털사이트 운영 ... 322
1. 서론 ... 322
2. 수행내용 ... 323
제8절 결론 ... 327
1. 에티오피아 ... 327
2. 콩고민주공화국 ... 328
3. 콜롬비아 ... 329
4. 터키 ... 330
5. 광물자원 포털사이트 운영 ... 331
제4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 332
1. 정부 정책적 측면 ... 332
2. 과학기술적 측면 ... 332
3. 경제ㆍ산업적 측면 ... 333
4. 국민생활과 사회 수준 향상에의 기여 측면 ... 334
제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 335
제6장 참고문헌 ... 336
끝페이지 ... 343

표/그림 (140)

표 Fig. 1. Distribution of World non-ferrous mineral exploration budgets (excluding uranium) in 2008 (Geoscience Australia, 2009).
표 Fig. 2. Exploration expenditure of Canada from 1997 to 2008 (million $) (Canadian Intergovernmental Working Group on the Mineral Industry, 2008).
표 Fig. 4. Exploration and deposit appraisal expenditures in Canada, by commodity sought, 1998-2008 (current dollars) (Canadian Intergovernmental Working Group on the Mineral Industry, 2008).
표 Fig. 3. Exploration and deposit appraisal expenditures by type of activity, 2007(Information Bulletin March 2008, http://mmsd.mms.nrcan.gc.ca/stat-stat/explexpl/sta-sta-eng.aspx).
표 Fig. 5. Expenditures on exploration and deposit appraisal by province, 2008-09 (Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources, 2009).
표 Fig. 6. Exploration expenditures of Labrador and Newfoundland, Canada 1982-2009 (Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources. 2009).
표 Fig. 7. Situation of diamond drilling, Labrador and Newfoundland, Canada from 1982 to 2009 (Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources, 2009).
표 Fig. 8. Australian mineral exploration expenditure, excluding gold and base metals, in constant 2007-08 dollars (Geoscience Australia, 2009).
표 Fig. 1-1. Schematic representation of regional rare-element pegmatite zoning (after Černý, 1993b).
표 Fig. 1-2. Schematic cross section of a concentrically zoned rare-element pegmatite (after Černý, 1993a).
표 Fig. 1-3. The geologic map showing the general geology of the Ethiopia (after Kazmin, 1972).
표 Fig. 1-4. The general map showing the geology of the Adola belt and location of study area (after Ethiopian Mapping Agency, 1988).
표 Fig. 1-5. The general geologic map showing the location of various pegmatites in Kenticha pegmatite field (after Ethiopian Mapping Agency, 1988).
표 Fig. 1-6. The exposed Kilkele pegmatite I showing the asymmetric zonation pattern.
표 Fig. 1-7. Exposed Kilkele pegmatite I. A. The Kilkele pegmatite I intruded into serpentinite. B. The vermiculite-rich zone occurs both upper and lower zone between pegmatite and serpentinite. C. The albite-rich zone occurs in centeral part of the pegmatite. D. The lithium-rich biotite occurs beyond the vermicular-rich zone in lower.
표 Fig. 1-8. The Kilkele pegmatite II occurs along the road.
표 Fig. 1-9. The exposed pegmatite II. A. The Kilkele pegmatite II exposed along the road. B. The pegmatite consists of quartz, muscovite, albite, and K-feldspar. Abbreviations: mic=microcline, mus=muscovite, peg=pegmatite, qtz=quartz.
표 Fig. 1-10. Exposed Kilkele pegmatite III.
표 Fig. 1-11. A. The Kilkele pegmatite III is exposed 30 m length and 25 m width. B. The garnet occurs in albite-rich zone.
표 Fig. 1-12. Exposed Shuni pegmatite I.
표 Fig. 1-13. Exposed Shuni pegmatite I. A and B. The pegmatite intruded into quartz-mica schist. C. The albite-K-feldspar zone occurs in western part of the massive quartz core. D. The black coated minerals overprinted in albite-K-feldspar zone.
표 Fig. 1-14. Exposed Shuni pegmatite II.
표 Fig. 1-15. The exposed Shuni pegmatite II. A. The tantalite is produced by artisanal miner. B-D. The pegmatite is mined as underground and consists of massive quartz and albite-muscovite zone. E and F. Occurrences of aqua marine (E) and beryl (F).
표 Fig. 1-16. The Bupo pegmatite III intruded into quartz-mica schist.
표 Fig. 1-17. The exposed Bupo pegmatite III. A and B. The pegmatite was mined out by artisanal miners. C. Contact zone between quartz-mica schist and quartz-albite-muscovite pegmatite. D. Albite-rich pegmatite was strongly altered to kaolinite.
표 Fig. 1-18. The Bupo pegmatite IV intruded into quartz-mica schist.
표 Fig. 1-19. A. The exposed Bupo pegmatite IV was mined out by artisanal miners. B and C. The pegmatite intruded into N30°E striking quartz-mica schist. D. The MnFe oxide minerals occur in quartz-muscovite-albite pegmatite.
표 Fig. 1-20. The geologic map showing the geology and location of pegmatite in Bambo-waha area (after Ethiopian Mapping Agency, 1988).
표 Fig. 1-21. Exposed Bambo-waha pegmatitic granite.
표 Fig. 1-22. The exposed Bambo-waha pegmatitic granite. A. The pegmatitic granite is mining for kaolinite. B. The quartz-muscovite-albite pegmatitic granite intruded into quartz-mica schist. C. The chilled margin between quartz-mica schist and pegmatitic granite. D. The brecciated schist, resulting from intruding pegmatitic granite.
표 Fig. 1-23. Exposed pegmatite leuco granite.
표 Fig. 1-24. Mining operation at Bambo-waha pegmaitc granite II area. A. The Bambo-waha pegmatitic granite II is mining for kaolinite. B. The quartz-feldspar-muscovite pegmatite occurs in leuco-granite.
표 Fig. 1-25. Mining operation at the Bambo-waha pegmatite III. A and B. The deeply weathered pegmatite is produced the tantalite by artisanl miners. C. The Mn-Fe oxide minerals occur in unsolidified sediments. D. The tantalite grains from the Bambo-waha pegmatite III.
표 Fig. 1-26. The geologic map showing the geology and location of the pegmatite in Konso area.
표 Fig. 1-27. A. The panorama view of the occurrence of pegmatite in Konso area. B-D. The various pegmatites occur in the Konso area. E and F. The graphic texture of amazonitic feldspar with skeletal quartz (E) and large amazonite with association of albite (F).
표 Fig. 1-28. Occurrences of columbite-tantalite minerals from the Shuni (A) and Bambo-waha pegmatites (B-D). A. The Fe-columbite from the Shunipegmatite II. B. The overgrowth of Fe-columbite from the Bambo-wahapegmatite III. C. The exsolution texture between Fe-tantalite andFe-columbite. D. The exsolution texture between ilmenite and Fe-columbite.
표 Fig. 1-29. The occurrences of MnFe oxide minerals and ilmenite. A and B. The MnFe-oxide minerals from the Bupo pegmatite IV. C. The exsolution texture between rutile and ilmenite from the Bambo-waha pegmatite III. D. The occurrence of ilmenite from the Bambo-waha pegmatite.
표 Fig. 1-30. The SiO2 versus Al2O3, MgO, K2O, and Na2O of pegmatites form the Kenticha and Bambo-waha pegmatite fields.
표 Fig. 1-31. Bivariate diagrams showing chemical variation of pegmatites from the Kenticha and Bambo-waha pegmatite fields.
표 Fig. 1-32. Variation of Mn/(Mn+Fe) and Ta/(Ta+Nb) in columbite-tantalite minerals from the Kenticha and Bambo-waha pegmatite fields.
표 Fig. 1-33. Samples of evaporite from the Asa ale. The phases are changed from top sediment (B) through porous evaporite (C: ∼ 3 m) to intense evaporite (D:∼27 m).
표 Fig. 2-1. The progress of joint exploration between KIGAM and CRGM.
표 Fig. 2-2. Distribution of mineral resources of DR Congo (http:// blog. naver. com / sompat/80038635787).
표 Fig. 2-3. Precambrian igneous rocks of the Kibaran belt. C = Congo craton, B = Bangweulu block, BT = Buganda-Toro, K = Kalahari craton, T = Tanzania craton (from Kokonyangi et al., 2006).
표 Fig. 2-4. Geological map of Mwanza and Kongolo area (from CRGM).
표 Fig. 2-5. Position of the Congo Craton in the Rodinia (700 Ma) (Hoffman, 1991).
표 Fig. 2-6. Geological map of the Congo Basin (Kadima et al., 2011).
표 Fig. 2-7. (left) African cratons (Kennedy, 1965) bounded by sutures during Panafrican time (Burke and Dewey, 1972). Locations of the 32 deformed alkaline rocks and carbonatites (Woolley, 2001) shown as filled symbols (circle = nepheline syenite gneiss; square = deformed carbonatite. (right) Repeated episodes of alkaline intracontinental magmatism in the eastern Africa (Burke et al., 2003).
표 Fig. 2-8. Schematic figure showing the structures in the Kibaran belt (from Kokonyangi et al., 2006).
표 Fig. 2-10. E-W trending dextral faults developed in the eastern part of the Congolo, DR Congo (from Google image).
표 Fig. 2-9. NE-SW trending fold belt developed in the southeastern part of the Congolo, DR Congo (from Google image). 1st stage: NE-SW trending isoclinal folds and sheath folds. 2nd stage: N-S trending sinistral faults with intrusion of dykes, locally dextral N-S kink fold, and a NW-SE compression.
표 Fig. 2-11. Simplified satellite image showing the distribution of mineral resources in the DR Congo (modified from CRGM data).
표 Fig. 2-12. Simplified map showing the study areas of 2012 and 2013.
표 Fig. 2-13. Simplified geological map of study area with stream sediments sampling location (modified from CRGM data).
표 Fig. 2-14. Representative Rock samples of study area. a, c: granite, b, d: pegmatite.
표 Fig. 2-15. Petrology of granite in Mwanza, Manono, and Mitwaba (Q-A-P diagram). Granite data of Kongolo (blue solid circle) marked granite region (data from Kokonyangi et al., 2006).
표 Fig. 2-16. Photomicrographs of polished thin section of granite (a, b), pegmatite, (c, d) and schist (e, f). There are no opaque mineral except the pyrite of schist (Ms:muscovite, Bt: Biotite, Pl: plagioclase, Qz: quartz, Py: pyrite).
표 Fig. 2-17. comparison of Kongolo granite and tin-granite using the Harker diagram. There is a disparity between their Fe2O3, CaO, MgO value.
표 Fig. 2-18. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns for Kogolo granite, pegmatite, and Quartz vein.
표 Fig. 2-19. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Sn from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-20. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Nb from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-21. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Ta from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-22. Comparison of Kongolo pegmatite and tin-bearing pegmatite using the Harker diagram. There is a disparity between their values.
표 Fig. 2-23. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns for Kogolo pegmatite, meta-sedimentrary rock, and Quartz vein.
표 Fig. 2-24. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Sn from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-25. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Nb from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-26. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Ta from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-27. Metallogenic map around ZRG in Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-28. Geochemical anomaly map of Stream sediment sampling results for Sn, Nb, and Ta from Kongolo.
표 Fig. 2-29. Comparison of Kongolo quartz vein, pegmatite, granite, stream sediments and average value ofgranite for identify the Sn-Nb-Ta bearing source rock of Kongolo.
표 Fig. 3-1. Location map of the study areas (Image from Google).
표 Fig. 3-2. Geological and geochemical anomaly maps of the study areas (from SGC).
표 Fig. 3-3. Geological map of the Vichada area and supposed area (red dotted box) for the detailed mineral exploration.
표 Fig. 3-4. Geological map of the Guainia area (scale 1:1,000,000).
표 Fig. 3-5. Geological and sampling sites maps in the study area.
표 Fig. 3-6. Index map of SRTM and Landsat-7 ETM+ on the Guainia area.
표 Fig. 3-7. Digital elevation map from SRTM on the Guainia.
표 Fig. 3-9. Landsat-7 ETM+ image on the Guainia.
표 Fig. 3-8. Hillshade map from SRTM on the Guainia.
표 Fig. 3-10. Geochemical anomaly map of the Guainia (scale 1:1,500,000).
표 Fig. 3-11. Photographs of pegmatite in the rapakivi granite in the study area.
표 Fig. 3-12. Photographs of quartz veinlets in the rapakivi granite in the study area.
표 Fig. 3-13. Photographs of aplite veins in the rapakivi granite in the study area.
표 Fig. 3-14. Photographs of the panning sampling on the stream sediments.
표 Fig. 3-16. Photographs of the mineral particles in the laterite.
표 Fig. 3-15. Photographs of the trench survey and soil sampling in the southern supposed area.
표 Fig. 4-1. Location of ore deposits according to the survey schedule.
표 Fig. 4-2. Alisar Bazada Tepe fluorite deposit.
표 Fig. 4-3. Syenite with aplite, pegmatite(left), and fluorite containing aplite dike(right)
표 Fig. 4-4. Quarry No. 1 in Alisar Cinlikoyak Tepe fluorite deposit.
표 Fig. 4-5. Quarry No. 2 (left) and Quarry No. 3 (right) in Alisar Cinlikoyak Tepe fluorite deposit.
표 Fig. 4-6. Gabbro, syenite, granite in Bayindir fluorite deposit.
표 Fig. 4-7. Quarry of Bayindir fluorite deposit.
표 Fig. 4-8. Fluorite vein in the quarry of Bayindir deposit.
표 Fig. 4-9. Quarry No. 1 in Yeniyapan deposit.
표 Fig. 4-10. Quarry No. 2 in Yeniyapan deposit.
표 Fig. 4-11. Quarry No. 3 in Yeniyapan deposit.
표 Fig. 4-12. Quarry in Toprakkaya Fe deposit.
표 Fig. 4-13. Dumurslu Fe mine.
표 Fig. 4-14. Quarry of Akcakent fluorite mine(A), syenite with aplite dike(B), porphyritic syenite with aplitic dike(C), and fluorite(D).
표 Fig. 4-15. Quarry of Cokelek Cu deposit.
표 Fig. 4-16. Basalt, greenstone, Cu oxide, and chalcopyrite in Cokelek Cu deposit.
표 Fig. 4-17. Sampling sites of alkaline syenite and granite in Kaman area.
표 Fig. 4-18. Chndrite normalized pattern of syenite and granite in Kaman area.
표 Fig. 4-19. TAS diagram of syenite and granite in Kaman area.
표 Fig. 4-20. Survey sites of Keban polymetallic deposit area.
표 Fig. 4-21. Fluorite Quarry of Keban area.
표 Fig. 4-22. Calcarous schist with vein type sulphide minerals in Keban area (left), KS-6 drilling site (right).
표 Fig. 4-23. Fluorite and skarn mineralized area in Keban.
표 Fig. 4-24. Gypsum and manganes ore outcrop.
표 Fig. 4-25. MTA license possessed skarn mineralized area.
표 Fig. 4-26. Trench site (left) and britholite ore (right) in Basoren area fluorite mineralized area.
표 Fig. 4-27. Northern part of Eti Bank license possessed area.
표 Fig. 4-28. Abandoned mine adit (left) and tailing field (right) in Southern part of Eti Bank license possessed area.
표 Fig. 4-29. Eti Bank license possessed area.
표 Fig. 4-30. Quarry of Zeyran Dere Fe mine.
표 Fig. 4-31. Skarn mineralized area located in the western part of Zeyran Dere Fe mine.
표 Fig. 4-32. Tuz Gulu salt lake (upper left), conference scene in the Koyuncu company (upper right), salt production pond of Koyuncu company (bottom).
표 Fig. 4-33. Tuz Golu salt lake in the southern part of Turkey.
표 Fig. 4-34. Geographical and geological maps of the study area (● locations of field works; □ study area of fluorite deposits; ◎/①-③ fluorite ore sampling sites).
표 Fig. 4-34. Geographical and geological maps of the study area (● locations of field works; □ study area of fluorite deposits; ◎/⓵-⓷ fluorite ore sampling sites).
표 Fig. 4-35. Fluorite occurrence (a) in outcrops and (b, c) in mine cut sites at the contact of limestone and syenitic rocks. (a)-(c) corresponding to the locations ①-③ in Fig. 4-34.
표 Fig. 4-36. Energy dispersive element distribution maps of a fluorite ore sample.
표 Fig. 4-37. Plane- and cross-polarized light view of microscope images and backscattered electron (BSE) image (from the left) of REE and Th minerals. (a) uranothorianite associated with phlogopite, (b) manganosite with Pb, Dy, Baassociated with phlogopite, (c)-(d) combinations of parisite and synchisite.
표 Fig. 4-38. Plane- and cross-polarized light view of microscope images and of REE and Th minerals. (a) phlogopite with uranothorianite, (b) manganosite with Pb, Dy, Ba, (c) combinations of parisite and synchisite.
표 Fig. 5-1. Conference scene in the Ministry of Mineral Resources, Mozambique.
표 Fig. 5-2. Conference scene in the National Directorate of Geology, Mozambique.
표 Fig. 5-3. Conference and presentation scene of the Korea-Mozambique 1st joint working group meeting for industrial and energy resource.
표 Fig. 5-3. Scene of Korea-Mozambique cooperation forum for industrial and energy resource and meeting with official from national directorate of mines, Mozambique
표 Fig. 5-4. Visit and discussion scene about research results in 2013 and plan for 2014 in the CRGM, DR Congo.
표 Fig. 5-5. Three-party Meeting scene of KIGAM-CRGM-SAKIMA.
표 Fig. 5-6. Conference and presentation scene of the Korea-DR Congo joint working group meeting fenergy resource.or
표 Fig. 5-6. Conference and presentation scene of the Korea-DR Congo joint working group meeting for energy resource.
표 Fig. 5-7. Conference and presentation agenda scene of the Korea-Gabong joint working group meeting for energy resource.
표 Fig. 7-1. Mineral resources portal site (http://www.mrportal.net).
표 Fig. 7-2. Information of regional geology of Adola belt integrated google satellite image (left) and PDF format for information of Kenticha Nb-Ta-bearing pegmatite in Ethiopia (right).
표 Fig. 7-3. Information of stream sediment sampling area integrated google satellite image (left) and PDF format for information of alteration zone in Mwanza, DR Congo (right).
표 Fig. 7-4. Report on potential evaluation and exploration of overseas rare metal resources. (a) PDFformat for the geological map of Mwenezi and Chiredzi area in Zimbabwe. (b) PDF format for the Nb-Ta deposit survey result in Vichada area, Colombia.
표 Fig. 7-4. Report on potential evaluation and exploration of overseas rare metal resources. (c) PDF format for the preliminary study result for exploration of REE in Malatya, Turkey. (d) PDF format for the study result for REE belt near main rift valley and Adola belt in Ethiopia. (e) PDF format for the stream sediment sampling result in Mwanza, DR Congo. (f) PDF format for the soil sampling result in Vichada, Colombia.
표 Fig. 7-5. Japan JOGMEC’s translated resources news.

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