보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립원예특작과학원 National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2014-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2011 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400010982 |
과제고유번호 |
1395022005 |
사업명 |
FTA대응 경쟁력향상기술개발 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-07-05
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.23000/TRKO201400010982 |
초록
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
○ 신육성 품종 포도의 적정 전처리 방법 개발
○ 신품종 포도의 장기 저장 및 장거리 운송시 선도 유지 기술 개발
○ 고품질 양조용 원료 생산을 위한 재배 기술 개발
○ 포도 신품종의 숙도, 재배방법 및 착과량에 따른 과실특성과 가공적성과의 상관관계 구명
Abstract
▼
1. Survey of table grape quality distribution in the markets
Disagreement between marked grade and actual grade of table grapes was often found in grapes collected from both the wholesale market and the giant distribution center including large supermarkets. Major defects of the table grapes in t
1. Survey of table grape quality distribution in the markets
Disagreement between marked grade and actual grade of table grapes was often found in grapes collected from both the wholesale market and the giant distribution center including large supermarkets. Major defects of the table grapes in the market included berry cracking, decay, abscission, wrong cultivar declaration etc. Minor defects included immature cluster, disagreement of cluster size and net weight of the grapes. Sorting and grade determination, in general, were performed at individual producer level with self-sorting guidelines. Those defects were continuously found in table grapes collected from both wholesale market and large supermarkets. Group sorting with objective sorting guidelines was still not usual. It was, then, strongly recommended to build an objective sorting and marketing system such as packinghouse or inspection procedure before the shipment of the table grapes to the market. Considering the fast growth of niche market for fresh fruit such as the instant fresh juice market and bakeries, it is required to establish a marketing system of the low grade table grapes to target those niches markets.
2. Improvement of storage potential of table grapes developed in Korea
National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science in Korea has consistently conducted the breeding of the table grapes and distributed newly developed grape cultivars nationwide. However, the current cultivation size of the new Korean cultivars was not enough to affect the table grape market, probably due to poor understanding of cultural practices including postharvest technologies for the new cultivars. This study focused to investigate physiological properties of ' Cheongsoo' and ' Tamnara' , which were developed in Korea. The grape clusters were examined at whole clusters, berries, and vegetative portions such as pedicel, rachis, and peduncle. Weight loss on the shelf-life occurred at much higher rate in vegetative tissues; the weigh loss of the total cluster was less than 1.25% of the initial weight but it was 16% in rachis and peduncle. The berries lost the fresh weight below 0.8% except ' Cheongsoo' . The weight loss of both whole clusters, rachis and peduncle was the highest in ‘Cheongsoo’ followed by ‘Tamnara’ and ‘Campbell Early.' The respiration rate of the rachis and the peduncle was 30 folds higher than the whole cluster. The ethylene evolve-rate showed similar tendency like the respiration. Between the cultivars, ‘Cheongsoo’ showed the highest rate of respiration and the ethylene evolution. The occurrence of rachis and peduncle browning was fast in ‘Tamnara’ but no visible symptom of browning was found in ‘Cheongsoo’. Decay of berries was more severe and faster in ‘Cheongsoo’ and it was much faster in fresh-cut production.
Since the short shelf-life of the table grapes derived from fast weight loss and shrinkage of berries, rapid postharvest cooling and shipment using cold chains were recommended. Marketability of ‘Cheongsoo’ was significantly decreased by the decay. Marketing duration and film wrapping were more influential than cooling temperature in ‘Cheongsoo’. Market potential of ' Tamnara' and ' Cambell Early' was more affected by shattering and film wrapping increased the shelf-life at 10℃ during simulated marketing condition.
The berry decay at ripening stage in ‘Cheongsoo’ was involved with physical injury of the attached portion between pedicel and berry. The casual micro-organism was P estalotiopsis sp. which was first isolated from ‘Cheongsoo’ in Korea. The occurrence of water-berry at the ripening stage reduced the overall quality of ‘Heukguseul’ grapes but the separate and/or combined treatments of SO2 generating pad and high pressure CO2 reduced the berry decay.
3. Improvement of shelf-life of fresh-cut grapes
Effects of ozonated water (0.3ppm), alkali-reduced water(pH 10.0, ORP – 250mV), and nano-magnesium(pH 5.4, ca. Mg 500ug/L) dipping treatments on shelf-life of trimmed small grape clusters were examined to develop the postharvest technologies to extend the shelf-life. After treatment, cluster surfaces were fan-dried at ambient temperature, wrapped with plastic film, and stored at 0℃ up to 30 days. Then, they were exposed to ambient temperature for 2 days. In ‘Heukguseul’, berry firmness was higher in the alkali-reduced water treatment and untreated control than that of ozonated water and nano-Mg treatment. No consistent trends were found in ‘Kyoho.' The decay was the lowest in the alkali-reduced water and the highest in the ozonated water in ‘Heukguseul.' Unlike ‘Heukguseul’, ‘Kyoho’ showed the lowest decay rate in untreated control and relatively higher in the alkali-reduced water and the nano-Mg treatments. During storage of trimmed clusters, berry firmness significantly decreased and multiple treatments further reduced the berry firmness. However, the high pressure CO2 treatment was effective on keeping the firmness of ‘Heukguseul’ and ‘Fujiminori’. The SO2 generation pad was the most effective on inhibition of the berry decay. The ozonated water and the high pressure CO2 treatment were not effective on the decay control. Detaching force of the berries and pedicel diameter showed positive correlation except ‘Honey Venus.' In ‘Cheongsoo,’ there was a strong positive correlation between berry abscission and decay. However, berry firmness did not show correlation to those. Edible coating, chitosan, and the high pressure CO2 were effective on maintaining berry firmness in fresh-cut production such as separation of berry types but not effective in the trimmed small clusters. The combined treatment of the chitosan and the high pressure CO2 was more effective. No decayed berries were found for the 15 day storage regardless of the treatments. In ‘Heukbosuk,' calcium chitosan dipping was effective on maintaining the berry firmness of the fresh-cut grapes but not in ‘Heulguseul.' All postharvest treatments examined in this experiment was not positive on inhibition of the weight loss and the decay. The pedicel abscission was found in both cultivars and no association was found with decay incidence unlike ‘Cheongsoo.’ Both ‘Heukguseul’ and ‘Heukbosul’ were not suitable for the fresh-cut grapes.
4. Postharvest manual for grapes
Practical information on the postharvest management of fresh grapes was collected through literature review, interviews with the packinghouse managers and the producers. The content of manual included postharvest properties of the grapes such as structural characteristics, harvest maturity, metabolic characteristics, factors associated with quality, and postharvest technologies (cooling, sorting, packaging, fumigation), fresh-cut grapes, storage, shipment, food safety control).
5. Development of long storage method of grape fruits
The occurrence of grape berry shattering and decay is influenced by the pre- and/or post-harvest infection of decay organisms and pest. The postharvest infection is associated with the physical damage due to rough handling. To control quality loss during storage of table grapes, the effects of slow releasing SO2padonstorabilityof‘Rosariobianco’(Vitis vinifera) and ‘Campbellearly’(Vitis labrusca) grapes were examined, respectively. The SO2 concentration in package of tables grapes reached to at about 40ug• L-1 after 40days of treatment and remained more than 80days above 15ug• L-1. Decay was found in untreated ‘Rosariobianco’(Vitis vinifera) and ‘Campbellearly’(Vitis labrusca) grapes at each for 44 and 85 days after storage, but not in SO2padtreatedgrapes.The storage potential of grape berries at 0℃ increased 2~3 times depending on cultivar by SO2padtreatment. The application of SO2 pad is confirmed to effectively increase marketing potential with minimizing quality loss s uch as berry shattering and decay.
6. Processing accessment of new cultivar' s grape
“Cheongsoo” and “Doonuri” wine were obtained of the best quality wine by sensory evaluation when the grape acid content reached the 0.60∼0.65%, 0.50∼0.55%, respectively. When the volatile composition of white “Cheongsoo” and red “Doonuri” grape harvested at different stages of ripening have been evaluated, Ester compounds with determined OAVs had most significant compounds in the quantitative. The aroma of the fruit was the most released when it was reached the appropriate acid content with 0.60∼0.65% in white, 0.50∼0.55% in red grape. While, aroma and polyphenols contents were decreased in over mature period. The characteristic aroma of grape appeared the pineapple, banana aroma in “Cheongsoo” and the dry tobacco leaves or dried red pepper aroma in “Doonuri”. In addition, the grape regulated the less 1.5t/10 are than the 2.1t/10 are with commercial quantity in fruit setting amount of grape was reached more quickly appropriate acid content.
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 제 출 문 ... 2
- 요 약 문 ... 3
- SUMMARY ... 4
- 목차 ... 7
- 제 1 장 서 론 ... 8
- 제1절 국내유통 포도의 표시 품위 등급에 따른 품질 분포 ... 8
- 제2절 신육성 포도 품종의 유통력 증진 방안 ... 9
- 제3절 대립계 포도의 신선편이 상품화를 위한 기술 개발 ... 11
- 제4절 포도 수확 후 관리 매뉴얼 개발 ... 12
- 제5절 포도과실의 장기저장 기술 개발 ... 12
- 제6절 신육성품종의 가공적성 검정 ... 13
- 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 14
- 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 16
- 제 1 세부과제 : 수확후 저장유통 전처리방법 개발 ... 16
- 제2세부과제 : 수출지원을 위한 장기 저장, 유통 방법 기술 개발 ... 88
- 제 3 세부과제 : 포도 신육성 품종 수확후 관리기술 개발 및 가공적성 검정 ... 103
- 제 4 장 연구개발 목표 달성도 및 대외 기여도 ... 132
- 1절 : 목표대비 달성도 ... 132
- 2절 : 정량적 성과(논문게재, 특허출원, 기타) ... 133
- 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 134
- 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 135
- 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 136
- 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 137
- 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 138
- 끝페이지 ... 143
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.