보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
국립농업과학원 National Institute of Agricultural Sciences |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2014-02 |
과제시작연도 |
2009 |
주관부처 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration(RDA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400011008 |
과제고유번호 |
1395018858 |
사업명 |
온난화대응농업연구 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-07-05
|
초록
▼
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
< 1세부과제 : 농경지에서 질소공급원별 온실가스 배출 저감 연구>
(벼 재배 온실가스 배출 평가-경운 및 무경운)
무경운+로터리 처리구에서 메탄 배출량은 224.6 kg ha-1이었으며, 경운+로터리 처리에서는 384.9 kg ha-1이었다. 아산화질소 배출량은 경운+로터리 처리에서 다소 높았다. 처리별로 GWP(지구온난화지수)로 환산한 온실가스 배출량은 무경운+로터리 처리가 5,110.3 kg CO2 ha-1, 경운+로터리 처리구의 GW
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과
< 1세부과제 : 농경지에서 질소공급원별 온실가스 배출 저감 연구>
(벼 재배 온실가스 배출 평가-경운 및 무경운)
무경운+로터리 처리구에서 메탄 배출량은 224.6 kg ha-1이었으며, 경운+로터리 처리에서는 384.9 kg ha-1이었다. 아산화질소 배출량은 경운+로터리 처리에서 다소 높았다. 처리별로 GWP(지구온난화지수)로 환산한 온실가스 배출량은 무경운+로터리 처리가 5,110.3 kg CO2 ha-1, 경운+로터리 처리구의 GWP(지구온난화지수)는 8,365.0 kg CO2 ha-1이었다. 경운방법에 따른 온실가스 감축효과는 경운+로터리 처리에 비해 무경운+로터리 처리가 38.9%로 나타났다.
(밭작물 온실가스 배출 평가-경운 및 무경운)
경운 유·무에 따른 N2O 배출량은 경운 (2.27∼5.57 kg N2O ha-1)에 비해 무경운 (0.88∼3.73 kg N2O ha-1) 처리에서 26.4∼61.2% 감소하였다. 질소공급원별 N2O 배출량은 헤어리베치+N 처리에서 경운 2.27 kg N2O ha-1과 무경운 0.88 kg N2O ha-1로 NPK와 돈분퇴비 처리보다 낮았다.
(밭작물 토성별 온실가스 배출 평가)
식양토에서 24.0 tonne CO2-eq ha-1, 사양토에서는 10.5 tonne CO2-eq ha-1로 식양토에서 많은 온실가스 배출량을 보였다. 식양토에 비해 사양토에서 온실가스 배출이 낮은 원인은 사양토에서 투수속도가 빨라 대부분 지하 침투의 원인으로 알려져 있다 (IPCC, 1996). 그리고 지하로 침투된 용존 온실가스는 수계 온실가스 간접배출의 원인이 되고 있다 (GPG 2003).
< 2세부과제 : 회산회토 토양에서 아산화질소 배출 저감 연구>
(토양 종류별 아산화질소 배출 특성)
무비와 표준시비에서는 아산화질소의 배출이 많지 않았으나 2배구에서는 아산화질소의 배출이 비화산회토양에서는 3∼7배, 화산회토양에서는 4∼7배 정도 많이 발생하는 결과를 나타내었다.
(마늘 재배 시 아산화질소 발생량 변화)
마늘 재배 시 피복 처리에 따른 아산화질소 발생량 변화를 보면, 피복하지 않았을 경우에는 흑색과 백색비닐 어떤 것으로 피복한 경우보다 아산화질소의 배출이 급격하기 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. 특히, 무피복 처리에서는 비료 처리 이후 7일 이전에 아산화질소가 배출이 크게 증가하는 경향을 보여주었고, 화산회토양에서는 비화산회토양에 비해서 보다 일찍 아산화질소가 배출되고 빨리 배출량이 감소되는 경향이었다.
(DNDC 모형을 이용한 아산화질소 발생량 평가)
제주 서부지역의 마늘 재배지를 대상으로 DNDC 모형을 이용하여 장기간의 마늘 수량 및 아산화질소 발생량을 모의한 결과 마늘 수량에서는 모의 수량과 통계 수량이 일치하지 않았으나, 아산화질소의 발생 경향은 기온의 변동과 유사하게 나타났다. 제주도 동부, 서부, 남부, 북부의 4개 지역의 감자재배지를 대상으로 DNDC 모형을 이용하여 작형별로 2001∼2010년의 10년 간의 아산화질소 발생량을 모의한 결과 봄, 겨울재배에 비해 가을재배 시에 아산화질소 발생량이 크게 줄어드는 결과를 얻었다.
< 3세부과제 : 감귤원의 탄소흡수량 평가>
2010년부터 2012년까지의 3년간 탄소흡수량을 환산한 결과, 2010년은 4.6 t·C·ha-1·yr-1, 2011년은 5.26 t·C·ha-1·yr-1, 2012년에는 3.76 t·C·ha-1·yr-1으로 3년간 탄소흡수량을 평균했을 때 1ha 당‘홍진’ 감귤의 탄소흡수량은 4.54 t·C·ha-1·yr-1으로 나타났다.
Abstract
▼
(Project 1)
Importance of climate change and its impact on agriculture and environment has increased with a rise of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration in Earth' s atmosphere. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in upland fields were assessed in terms of emissions and their control at the experimental
(Project 1)
Importance of climate change and its impact on agriculture and environment has increased with a rise of greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration in Earth' s atmosphere. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission in upland fields were assessed in terms of emissions and their control at the experimental plots of National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) located in Suwon city.
(Tillage and No Tillage Conditions)
- Chinese cabbage
It was evaluated N2O emissions with different growing periods (spring and autumn seasons), tillage and no tillage conditions in a chinese cabbage field. The results were as follows:
1) An amount of N2O emissions were high in the order of Swine manure compost> NPK> Hairy vetch+N fertilizer. By tillage and no tillage conditions, N2O emissions were reduced to 33.7∼51.8% (spring season) and 31.4∼76.7% (autumn season) in no-tillage than tillage conditions.
2) In autumn season than those spring season, N2O emissions at NPK, hairy vetch+N fertilizer and swine manure compost were reduced to 49.6%, 39.0% and 60.0%, respectively, in tillage treatment and 59.5%, 70.6% and 58.7%, respectively, in no-tillage treatment.
3) N2O emission measured in this study was 15.2~86.4% lower with tillage and no tillage treatments than that of the IPCC default value (0.0125 kg N2O-N/kg N).
- Paddy
The amounts of GWP(Global Warming Potential) by tillage+harrowing and No tillage+harrowing were highest in tillage+harrowing method. No tillage+harrowing was decreased 38.9% of GWP emission than tillage+harrowing practice.
(Soil textures)
CO2 emissions were 12.9 tonne CO2 ha-1 in clay loam soil and 7.6 tonne CO2 ha-1 in sandy loam soil. N2O emissions were 35.7 kg N2O ha-1 in clay loam soil and 9.2 kg N2O ha-1 in sandy loam soil. CH4 emissions were 0.054 kg CH4 ha-1 in clay loam soil and 0.013 kg CH4 ha-1 in sandy loam soil. Total emission of GHGs (CO2, N2O, and CH4) during pepper cultivation was converted by Global Warming Potential (GWP). GWP in clay loam soil was higher with 24.0 tonne CO2-eq ha-1 than that in sandy loam soil (10.5 tonne CO2-eq ha-1), which implied more GHGs were emitted in clay loam soil.
(Project 2)
This project was conducted to elucidate the N2O emission properties on fields located in volcanic soil area and to study practical measures of N2O emission suppression. The results of several experiments were summarized as follows:
1. N2O emission was increased by fertilization, especially over-fertilizing of Urea, but not affected by soil types when garlic was cultivated on volcanic and non-volcanic soils.
2. Early peaks of N2O emission was detected in 7 days after fertilization.
3. N2O emission can be affected by precipitation and air temperature, but vinyl mulching can suppress early emission of N2O on both of soil types. The color of vinyl mulching is not important to suppressive effect.
4. DNDC model can be applied to assess N2O emission on volcanic soil area due to similarity of emission patterns between volcanic and non-volcanic soil types.
5. N2O emission trends were correlated positively with air temperature change after DNDC simulation of garlic cultivation fields on western Jeju Island during 2000∼2010.
6. W e found N2O emission was decreased greatly when potato was cultivated in fall-season compared to in spring- and witer-season from simulation experiments with DNDC on eastern, western, southern and northern areas of Jeju Island during 2001∼2010.
(Project 3)
Thirty six year old ‘Hongjin’ mandarin orchard in Chocheone-up, Jeju conducted this study for the purpose of evaluating CO2 absorption volume of the mandarin orchard. The older the age of mandarin tree became, the more gradually the fresh weight and the dry weight increased, and the dry weight of trunk was relatively high as compared with leaves, shoots, and roots. In terms of the carbon content of each mandarin tree by its age, 40 year old ones reached 26kg while 10 year old ones weighed 9.5 kg. The carbon volume contained in fruits among the fruit production volume of 5000 kg per 10a, was approximately 209kg up to 4.2% and that of clipped trees among 675 kg was 146kg up to 21.6%. As for change of soil respiration rate , they were analyzed to show the lowest rates of 0.0059 and 0.0096 mg·CO2·m-2·s-1 respectively in January which the temperature was the lowest in both years of 2011 and 2012, and the highest soil respiration rates of 0.216 and 0.20 mg·CO2·m-2·s-1 respectively in August which the temperature was the highest in both years of 2011 and 2012, and the soil respiration rate tended to descend as well from September when the temperature began to decreased. In the mean time, in years of 2011 and 2012, soil respiration volume produced in the mandarin orchard were 26.28, 21.86 t·CO2·ha-1·yr-1 respectively, and the average production volume was 24.07 t·CO2·ha-1·yr-1.
From the results of measuring CO2 absorption volume of the mandarin orchard, they were -14.5 t·CO2·ha-1·yr-1 in year 2011, -19.3 t·CO2·ha-1·yr-1 in year 2012, and -20.4 t·CO2·ha-1·yr-1 in year 2013, showing that there was a low correlation between the sensible energy and the latent energy. As for CO2 absorption volume by the month, every period exclusive of June in 2011 and July in 2012 showed that mandarin trees absorbed CO2, and the absorption volume of CO2 was shown to be notably high particularly in April and May and September, October and November. Based on the results above, the carbon absorption volume of ‘Hongjin’ mandarin trees per 1ha converted from the results for 3 years since 2010 was identified to be about 4.54 t·C·ha-1·yr-1.
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 제출문 ... 2
- 요 약 문 ... 3
- S U M M A R Y ... 7
- 목 차 ... 10
- 제 1 장 서 론 ... 11
- 제 2 장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 12
- 제 3 장 연구개발수행 내용 및 결과 ... 13
- < 1세부과제 : 농경지에서 질소공급원별 온실가스 배출 저감 연구> ... 13
- < 2세부과제 : 화산회토 토양에서 아산화질소 배출 저감 연구> ... 27
- < 3세부과제 : 감귤원의 탄소흡수량 평가> ... 43
- 제 4 장 연구개발목표 달성도 및 대외기여도 ... 57
- 제1절 목표대비 달성도 ... 57
- 제2절 정량적 성과 ... 57
- 제 5 장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 61
- 제 6 장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외과학기술정보 ... 62
- 제 7 장 기타 중요 변동사항 ... 62
- 제 8 장 국가과학기술종합정보시스템에 등록한 연구장비 현황 ... 62
- 제 9 장 참고문헌 ... 63
- 끝페이지 ... 70
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.