보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
서울대학교 Seoul National University |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2009-04 |
과제시작연도 |
2008 |
주관부처 |
농림축산식품부 Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400022494 |
과제고유번호 |
1545000024 |
사업명 |
농림기술개발 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-11-10
|
초록
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Ⅳ. 연구 개발 결과 및 활용에 대한 건의
1. 연구 개발 결과
가. 시클라멘, 금어초, 제라늄, 유스토마, 카네이션, 팬지, 페츄니아, 프리뮬라 등의 주요 초화류를 이용하여 장일 처리가 생장 및 개화 촉진에 영향을 미치는를 알고자 실험해본 결과 시클라멘, 제라늄, 카네이션에서 야파처리를 해주었을 경우 개화가 촉진됨을 확인할 수 있었다.
나. 야파처리의 방법으로는 암기의 중간에 4시간(자정을 기준으로 앞뒤로 2시간씩) 동안 광을 조사해 준 결과 일부 작물에서 개화가 촉진됨을 알 수 있었고, 야파처리시 주기적으로 광조
Ⅳ. 연구 개발 결과 및 활용에 대한 건의
1. 연구 개발 결과
가. 시클라멘, 금어초, 제라늄, 유스토마, 카네이션, 팬지, 페츄니아, 프리뮬라 등의 주요 초화류를 이용하여 장일 처리가 생장 및 개화 촉진에 영향을 미치는를 알고자 실험해본 결과 시클라멘, 제라늄, 카네이션에서 야파처리를 해주었을 경우 개화가 촉진됨을 확인할 수 있었다.
나. 야파처리의 방법으로는 암기의 중간에 4시간(자정을 기준으로 앞뒤로 2시간씩) 동안 광을 조사해 준 결과 일부 작물에서 개화가 촉진됨을 알 수 있었고, 야파처리시 주기적으로 광조사를 조절해주는 교호조명 처리도 효과가 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
다. 야파처리시의 적정 광도는 작물에 따라 다르지만 보통 3 μmol•m-2•s-1 내외의 약광에서도 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 현재 야파처리에 많이 사용하고 있는 형광등은 새로운 형태의 광원으로 주목받고 있는 LED로도 대체가능함을 알 수 있었다. 초화류의 품질을 위해서는 적색과 청색 LED를 일정비율로 혼합한 것을 이용하여야 한다.
라. 고유가로 인해 난방비가 큰 부담이 되고 있는 지금 시점에서 일장처리에 의한 개화촉진 기술은 생산비를 크게 절감할 수 있고, 일장처리 기술의 도입에서 새로운 형태의 광원인 LED를 이용할 경우 그 효과는 더 커지는것을 알 수 있었다.
2. 활용방안
본 연구에서 개발된 기술들은 여러 차례의 실증실험을 통해 그 효과를 검증하고 있다. 이를 통해 보완해야할 부분을 찾고, 작물의 특성과 연관한 연구를 계속하여 진행하면서, 교육이나 책자를 통한 기술의 보급이 요구된다. 학술적으로 의미 있는 연구 결과들은 국내외 학회에 발표하고 학술지에도 게재하고 있는 중이다. 계속적인 연구가 진행되고 여러 조직을 통해 기술 공급이 이루어지면 우리나라의 분화 생산 농가의 수준을 더욱 끌어 올릴 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
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1. Flowering Response of Long-day Plants to Temperature and Photoperiod According to Growth Stages for Energy Cost Saving Production
Heating during winter is unavoidable in winter production of spring flowering potted cyclamen. Long-day (LD) treatment to promote the flowering of many LD plants is
1. Flowering Response of Long-day Plants to Temperature and Photoperiod According to Growth Stages for Energy Cost Saving Production
Heating during winter is unavoidable in winter production of spring flowering potted cyclamen. Long-day (LD) treatment to promote the flowering of many LD plants is considered as alternative methods to heating. This research is conducted to determine the flowering response to temperature and photoperiod according to growth stage (Stage I: flower bud initiation (5-unfolded leaves - 2 mm visible bud (VB)), Stage II: flower bud development (during 9 weeks after VB). 'Metis Purple' cyclamen seedlings in Stage I and II were grown under growth chambers maintained at 8, 12, 16, and $20^{\circ}C$ in combination with LD (16h) or short-days (SD, 8h). After treatments, all plants were transferred to a growth chamber maintained at $24/17^{\circ}C$(day/night). In Stage I, VB initiation was hastened by 8 to 13 days in plants grown at 16 and $20^{\circ}C$ compared to those grown at $12^{\circ}C$. VB was not observed under either LD or SD at $8^{\circ}C$, and 8h at $12^{\circ}C$. However, total no. of days from planting to flowering was not affected. During Stage II, high temperature and LD hastened flowering. There was no difference in flowering between 8h at $20^{\circ}C$ and 16h $16^{\circ}C$, and also no difference between 8h at $16^{\circ}C$ and 16h $12^{\circ}C$, indicating that supplemental LD could substitute for expensive heating cost. The information is useful in low energy cost production without flowering delay in winter.
2. Night Interruption and Cyclic Lighting Promote Flowering of Long-Day Plants under Low temperature
Heating costs could be considered as a problem in winter flower production. Night interruption (NI) is used as an alternative method to heating for promoting long-day plant flowering. To investigate NI effects on flowering, long-day plants (Cyclamen persicum Mill., Eustoma grandiflorum 'El Paso Deep Blue', Pelargonium $\times$ hortorum 'Pinto Red', Antirrhinum majus) were grown under three different temperatures (12, 16, $20^{\circ}C$), four NI lightings (0, 2, 4, 6 h), and two cyclic lightings (CL) (6'/54', 6'/24' on/off) around midnight. Photoperiods were 9/15 h day/night, and NI was provided by three-wave lamp with $3{\pm}1{\mu}mol{\cdot}m-2{\cdot}s-1$ during the middle of the dark period. Plants grown at high temperature ($20^{\circ}C$) came to flower earlier than those at low temperature (12, $16^{\circ}C$). NI and CL lighting hastened flower initiation and flowering in each temperature regime. Plants grown at $16^{\circ}C$ with CL (6'/24') lighting reached flowering 10 days earlier than plants grown at $20^{\circ}C$. Plant growth and the number of flower buds and leaves at low temperature (12, $16^{\circ}C$) with NI lighting were similar to those of optimum temperature ($20^{\circ}C$) without NI lighting. There were no significant differences in plant height and width at their treatments. These results indicated that NI and CL light treatments could replace heating for plant flowering. Moreover, NI lighting effects on the other long-day plants such as Dianthus carthusianorum, Viola $\times$ wittrockiana 'Matrix Scarlet', Petunia hybrid 'Mambo Red', Primula malacoides 'Libre Blue, Red') will be discussed.
3. Night Interruption Saves the Production Cost in Winter Long-day Plant Cultivation
The night temperature used to drop below freezing in winter in South Korea. Greenhouse heating is essential to promote growth and flowering of plants during winter cultivation. But, as heating cost occupied large proportion on production cost and increased dramatically recently it is becoming a serious problem. Usually plants grown in winter are long-day plant (LDP) like a cyclamen in South Korea, and its flowering is promoted by long-day treatments such as day extension, night interruption (NI) and cyclic lighting (CL). Thus, NI and CL could be used as an alternative method to reduce heating cost for the same quality of flowers in LDP during winter. In addition, light quality is concerned in LDP flowering during NI and CL lighting. NI using specified spectrum light emitting diode (LED) treatment could reduce electricity cost than using fluorescent and incandescent lamps as light source. To investigate NI and CL effects on flowering and energy saving, young plants of Cyclamen persicum Mill. 'Metis Scarlet Red' were grown under three different night temperatures and six different daylengths in greenhouse. Night temperature regime was optimum temperature (20oC) and two low temperatures (12oC, 16oC). Natural daylength was 9 h in greenhouse. Light treatments consisted of four NI (0, 2, 4, or 6 h), and two CL (6'/54', 6'/24' on/off) around midnight. NI was provided by three-wave fluorescent lamps with photosynthetic photon flux $3{\pm}1{\mu}mol{\cdot}m-2{\cdot}s-1$. Night temperature was manipulated by oil heater and the amount of oil used for heating was recorded for calculation of heating cost. Electricity cost was estimated from the number of bulbs and the capacity of each bulb. To investigate additional energy saving by using LED, Cyclamen persicum Mill. 'Metis Scarlet Red' were grown under two different light duration by four different light quality treatment in growth chamber. NI (4 h) and CL (6'/24' on/off) was provided as light treatment. Red, far-red, and blue LED, and three-wave fluorescent lamp were used as light source for providing different light spectrum. Operating cost was calculated in the same way as described above. NI and CL hastened flower initiation and flowering in the same temperature regime. Plant grown at 16oC with CL reached flowering 10 days earlier than at 20oC with 9 h daylength. Both NI and CL could substitute for additional heating in winter. Decreasing greenhouse temperature (4oC) and using NI could save production cost about $3,660 per 1,000 m2 cultivation area considering investment and electricity costs in South Korea. CL could also reduce electricity cost, but the effect was less than NI. CL treatment was expected to about extra $344 production cost saving. There was also significant difference on plant flowering and growth among different light sources. LED consumed a lower electrical charge than fluorescent lamp. Nowadays LED was still expensive, but price is getting down. Thus, the more energy saving could be expected for NI lighting by using LED. Furthermore, economical analysis will be discussed according to both investment and operating cost.
4. Night Interruption and Cyclic Lighting using LEDs Promote Flowering and Save the Production Cost of Long-day Plants in Winter
Night interruption(NI) and cyclic lighting(CL) are used as an alternative method to heating for promoting cyclamen flowering. This study was conducted to investigate the effect light quality during NI and CL on flowering. Two species of cyclamen [Cyclamen persicum 'Scarlet Red'(SR) and 'Scarlet Purple' (SP)] were grown under four different light sources (fluorescent, red LED, far-red LED, blue LED) with combination of NI (4 h) and CL (6'/24' on/off for 4 h) around midnight in a growth chamber. Short-day (SD) was 9 h. Photosynthetic photon flux was 300 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m-2{\cdot}s-1$ with three-wave fluorescent lamp during day time and 3-15 ${\mu}mol{\cdot}m-2{\cdot}s-1$ with fluorescent lamp and LEDs of each wavefor NI and CL, respectively. TemperatuI and Coptimum for cyclamen growth (24/16oC, day/night). NI and CL and 3-15 ${\mu}hd$ tenedimum for cyin both Cyclamen persicum SR and SPtimyclamen persicum SR and SP nd chedimum for cym ximum 19 and 12 SPti, respectively, earlier h Cyc Coptigrown atiSL andditionfor NI and Cnre spectively. TemperatuI in flowering time of both SR and SP th (24light sources aoreach NI and CLfor NI and Cnrespectively. TemperatuI in the number of visibleSP ds andi mum fos th (24light and 3-15 s andi/night). NI andHm fvfo,c Coptill5growtndiwidth tended to incnd se at both NI and CL with far-red LED h Cycod Cn LEDs in both SR and SPtiThe number of visibleSP ds spectively.ly decnd sed at CL with blue LED in SPti In addition, the number of flowers in NI with blue LED were less than those in NI with red LED. Although, there were some differences between SR and SP, plant grown under NI and CL with far-red and blue LED produced poor quality commodities of Cyclamen persicum than those under NI and CL with red LED. Electricity consumption of LED was about 60 percent of fluorescent lamp. Fluorescent lamp was widely used at NI and CL treatment in general. These result indicated that red LED could replace the fluorescent lamp for promoting cyclamen flowering at NI and CL due to electricity cost. For details in cost saving, more economical analysis is necessary includingboth investment and operating cost of LED lamps in a commercial greenhouse.
목차 Contents
- 제출문 ... 1
- 요약문 ... 2
- SUMMARY ... 4
- CONTENTS ... 8
- 목차 ... 9
- 제 1 장 연구 개발 과제의 개요 ... 10
- 제 2 장 국내외 기술 개발 현황 ... 11
- 제 1 절 국외 현황 ... 11
- 제 2 절 국내 현황 ... 12
- 제 3 장 연구 개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 13
- 제 1 절 작물선별 ... 13
- 제 2 절 저온 관리시 야파처리에 의한 개화 및 생장 촉진 기술 개발 ... 14
- 제 3 절 저온 조건에서 장일 처리가 개화를 촉진하는 종 선발 ... 42
- 제 4 절 적정 장일처러, 야파처리에 의한 에너지 절감 효과 ... 53
- 제 5 절 야파처리시 적정광원 구명 ... 54
- 제 6 절 결론 ... 57
- 제 4 장 목표 달성도 및 관련 분야예의 기여도 ... 58
- 1. 목표 달성도 ... 58
- 2. 관련 분야 기여도 ... 58
- 제 5 장 연구 개발 결과의 활용 ... 59
- 제 6 장 연구 개발 과정에서 수집한 해외 과학기술 정보 ... 59
- 제 7 장 참고 문헌 ... 60
- 끝페이지 ... 60
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