보고서 정보
주관연구기관 |
농촌진흥청 Rural Development Administration |
보고서유형 | 최종보고서 |
발행국가 | 대한민국 |
언어 |
한국어
|
발행년월 | 2004-08 |
과제시작연도 |
2003 |
주관부처 |
농림부 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry |
등록번호 |
TRKO201400023299 |
과제고유번호 |
1380000603 |
사업명 |
농림기술개발 |
DB 구축일자 |
2014-11-10
|
초록
○ 연구결과
- 유방염 발생에 영향 하는 요인 분석
- 유방염 원인균에 대한 분리 동정 및 유방염 연관성 분석
- 유방염 관련 인자의 탐색 기술 접목
- 체세포를 고려한 유전능력 분석을 위한 분석모형 설정
Abstract
▼
This study was carried out for 3 years from 2001 to 2004 to development of the technique for prediction and selection of mastitis resistance in dairy cattle.
Study on factors related with mastitis.
Subject 1 : The effects on somatic cell score and milk components by days in milk in Ho
This study was carried out for 3 years from 2001 to 2004 to development of the technique for prediction and selection of mastitis resistance in dairy cattle.
Study on factors related with mastitis.
Subject 1 : The effects on somatic cell score and milk components by days in milk in Holstein dairy cows
The present study was canied out to investigate effects of various factors such as sire, bovine leukernia virus (BLV) carrier/non-carrier, parity, calving month and lactation peliods on somatic cell count (SCC) and milk components in dairy cows. The animals calved from January 2001 to March 2004. Milk samples were collected every 30±5 days in milk (DIM), and somatic cell count and milk components were analysed by Somascope MK2/Lactoscope FTIR.
Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) was detected by ELISA method, The lactation peliods were divided into five periods: (1) 30DIM, (2) 31 to 60DIM, (3) 61 to 120DIM, (4) 121 to 180DIM, and (5) more than 180DIM.
The level of SCC and milk components in all lactation periods were significantly affected by sire, parity, calving month, lactation period and BLV carrier/non-canicr. The rcsults suggcst that BLV carrier/non-canicr analysis in a herd may be necessary if milk quality is low owing to a high SCC. BLV carrier/non-carrier did not affect milk protein content for all lactation periods.
Subject 2 : The charactelistics of microorganism isolated from quarter milk with high somatic cell count (SCC) in the same lactation period
The dlaracteristics of microorganism isolated from quarter milk with high somatic cell count (SCC) which is higher than 300,OOOscc/ml in the same lactation period.
Somatic cell score (SCS) was significantly effected by isolated organisms (p<0.01), quarters (p<0.01) and investigation period(p<0.05).
The most isofated microorganisms from high SCC quarter milk samples were found coagulase negative staphylococcus (CNS), G(-) rod form, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus spp. Quarter SCC was highest in Streptococcus spp. and following by Strep. agalactiae, G(-) rod form, and Slaph aureus. SCC of minor pathogens showed higher than that of major pathogens.
For Staph aureus and Streptococcus spp., the frequency of isolation was higher in right rear quarter than another. CNS, Strep. agalactiae and G(-) rod form occurred more left rear quarter than others.
Staph aureus, Staphylococcus auricularis, Staphylococcus spp. and Strep. uberis were constantly occurred all the year. But Acinetobacter spp, Aerococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., nonfermenting G(-) bacillus get more frequency after Summer season. The others mircoorgamsms had inclined to occur sporadically. Intramammary infection had inclined to increase after July. lntramammary infection and high SCS were found less in left front quarter than any other quarters.
Subject : Detection of polymorphism associated with mastitis
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers including 15 kinds of RAPD and BRACA1 gene were successfully used to detect a cerLain area of DNA polymorphism among these relating for mastitis-resisiant dairy cattIe.
Variation of 19 locus were detected from PRC products using SSCP electrophoresis. The locus of N6DC and N110B were used for genotyping primer that was designed from SSCP DNA fragment sequece of UBC28 and UBC30.
When UBC25, UBC28 and UBC30 primer detected a polymorphisms by SSCP, and DNA fragment of SSCP gel were sequenced 4 kinds of N34, N43, N69C and N110B as candidated gene of relating mastitis.
N34 nucleotide sequences were consist of 396bp. It was shown that Adenine-base on 22th and 36th and Thymine-base on 359th and 372th were deleted.
N43 nucleotide sequences were consist of 273bp. Adenine base was changed to Cytosine at 44th and Adenine base to Guanine base at 259th.
It was shown that the average of gene frequency for A and B in 19 locus of DNA polymorphisms found in a Holstein dairy herd were 0.564 and 0.436, respectively.
The locus of U8J1, U13J3, U14J3, U17J2, U18J2, U29J5, U24J1, U24J9, U28J3, U29J3, U31J1 and U53J1 were estimated the candidated gene agreed with expectation and observation of the gene frequency on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
Phenotypic value of milk yield and somatic cell count related the variation of cach locus with U17J2-BB, U20-AA, L53J1-BB, N69C-AA, N110B-BB and BRCA K6-AA showed a high trend.
Somatic cell count and milk yield of C6J7-BB type were shown as 222,7000scc/ml as 9149.4kg, respectively, and those of U17J2-BB type were also shown as 374,8OOscc/ml and 9,229kg, respectively. More studies about these locus were needed to be confirmed.
U8J1-BB type estimated most short of NFRD(non fertilized retmn days) as 207.5 and low of Somatic cell count as a 474,200scc/ml compared to other anayzed dairy cattle on the same locus.
Technique development of model for the early evaluation of mastitis using somatic cell count.
Mastitis is one of the most costly diseases in dairy cattle and is responsible for 50% of the total for health care. A high proportion of culling (from 6 to 17% of culling) can be athibuted to mastitis, follmving milk yield and reproduction. Moreover there is an increasing public concern in Europe for cow welfare and for product quality. Due to these reason, the interest for udder health trails in dairy callie seleclion is increasmg. SSC is a good measure to indirectly select for mastitis resistance, cspccially when a direct measure of clinical mastitis incidence is not available. The measure of SCC has the following properties:
- it is routinely recorded in most milk recording system
- information are available on a population base
- the helitability of SCC is higher than the heritability of the direct trait
- it reflects the incidence of both clinical and subclinical infections.
Somatic cell can be used as a good indirect measure to select for mastitis resistance, especially when direct measure of mastitis incidence is not recorded. Final aim of this thesis was to evaluate how to include somatic cell counts (SCC) for Holstein Friesian selection criteria through the evaluation of its genetic aspecLs. HeritabiliLy was estimated using different models and data sets and the association of SCC with other traits in selection objectives was evaluated through the estimation of genetic correlation with production traits. From these studied it can be concluded that selection for low level of sec is expected to reduce mastitis incidence.
A Gaussian mixture model with a fnite number of cornponents and conelated random effects is described in our analysis. The ultimate objectives are to model somatic cell count infonnation in dairy cattle and to develop criteria for genetic selection against mastitis which is an important udder diseuse. Parameter estimation was made by maximum likelihood or by an extension of restricted maxImum likelihood. A Monle Carlo expectation-maximization algoritlun is used for this purpose. The expectation step is carried out using Gibbs sampling, whereas the maximization step is deterministic. Ranking rules based on the conditional probability of membership in a putative group of uninfected anirnals are discussed. Several extensions of the model are suggested.
The value of SCC can be efficiently used to indirectly select for mustitis resistance in a population without direct recording of mastitis incidence. Large differences existed between values of estimated heritabilities depending on models for analysis used. Genetic relationsllip between SCC and production resulted in different values depending on parities and anafytical modeling. Because of the apparent complexity of the genetics factors controlling SCC, one may, in theory, need to account for different levels and signs of genetic correlations between SCC and production yields in different parities and, if possible, within parity as well.
Estimates of (co)variances obtained in this study will be used as parameters for multiple trait random regression model that will be soon adopted for genetic evaluations of production traits and SCS.
목차 Contents
- 표지 ... 1
- 제출문 ... 2
- 요약문 ... 3
- SUMMARY ... 9
- CONTENTS ... 14
- 목차 ... 15
- 제 1 장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 16
- 제 1 절 연구개발의 목적 및 필요성 ... 16
- 제 2 절 연구 개발의 내용 및 범위 ... 18
- 제 2 장 국내ㆍ외 기술 개발 현황 ... 19
- 제 1 절 국내ㆍ외 기술 개발 현황 ... 19
- 제 2 절 본 연구와 국내ㆍ외 기술 수준 비교 ... 22
- 제 3 장 연구개발 수행 내용 및 결과 ... 23
- 제 1 절 서설 ... 23
- 제 2 절 재료 및 방법 ... 42
- 제 3 절 결과 및 고찰 ... 47
- 제 4 장 목표달성도 및 관련 분야의 기여도 ... 139
- 제 1 절 연구개발 목표 달성도 ... 139
- 제 2 절 관련분야 기술 발전에 기여도 ... 140
- 제 5 장 연구개발 결과의 활용 계획 ... 141
- 제 1 절 추가 연구의 필요성 ... 141
- 제 2 절 타 연구에의 응용 ... 141
- 제 6 장 참고문헌 ... 142
- 끝페이지 ... 155
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