초록

○ 연구결과
- 작물(벼, 마늘)의 엽록소, 엽색도, 질소함량간의 상관프로그램 구축
- 정밀 디지털질소측정기 회로도 구축 및 설계제작
- 첨단 디지털질소측정기 시작기 개발

Abstract ▼

This research project was conducted to develop a new digital chlorophyll meter to determine a precision nitrogen content of plant leaf which would make a major role to use as a criteria for the amount of top dressing in nitrogen fertilizer management. This technology was aimed to assumption of linea

This research project was conducted to develop a new digital chlorophyll meter to determine a precision nitrogen content of plant leaf which would make a major role to use as a criteria for the amount of top dressing in nitrogen fertilizer management. This technology was aimed to assumption of linear correlation between chlorophyll amount and nitrogen content of the plant leaf.
The following was summarized of the research results for the past 3 years in the above research project.
1. Application of a new digital chlorophyll meter in rice plant
- There was significantly different between nitrogen level and leaf chlorophyll in the rice plant.
- Among cultivars there was highly statistically significant difference at panicle initiation stage of the rice leaf.
- Over the 100% level of recommended nitrogen fertilizer rice yield was not significantly different.
- At 3 different field trials there was highly significantly different between SAPD value and total nitrogen content.
- A measurement of leaf chlorophyll content was right time at panicle initiation stage with fully developed leaf in the rice plant.
- There was significantly different among different soil textures with similar trend of chlorophyll content with nitrogen level.
- At 3 different field trials there was highly significantly different between SPAD value and total nitrogen content of the rice leaf.
- There was highly statistically different (y=0.0656x + 0.3526, r=0.655**) at field trials which might be applied with a digital chlorophyll meter using correlative relationship between leaf chlorophyll content and nitrogen amount with top dressing at specific growing stage in the rice plant.
- Digital chlorophyll meter was so precious detection compared with commercial chlorophyll meters such as SPAD 502(Minolta) and PPW 3000(Satake).
2. Development of digital chlorophyll meter
- A digital chlorophyll meter was composed of 5 major parts with light illuminating system, light reception, amplifier, U-processor, and detection(display LCD).
- The MPU system of the digital chlorophyll meter was flash type which would easily remove the data.
- The amplifier was able to amplify up to 10,000 times and this capacity was detect to all samples.
- Date-logging was adopted of RS232 telecom function which was capable to link with PC with on-line.
- Digital chlorophyll meter was prevented from light scattering during measurement.
- The SPAD502 (Minolta, Japan) was determined to compare with a digital chlorophyll meter.
- The distance in between phot-diods was 0.6mm which caused to minimize error value during measurement.
- Digital chlorophyll meter was adopted two specific light spectrums such as red led-654nm and infrared led-845nm which was able to increase precision value during measurement unlike SPAD502.
- Digital chlorophyll meter was much improved light diffusion system using a diffuser.
- Tester I(digital chlorophyll meter) was manufactured to field trial and displayed at the international exhibition of machinery, science and technology for agriculture from Nov. 8 to 13, 2002, seoul, korea.
- TesterⅡ(digital chlorophyll meter) was manufactured with improvement of function and handling.
- TesterⅢ was demonstrated with commercial chlorophyll meters such as SPAD 502(Minolta) and PPW3000(Satake) and obtained a similar value and trend.
3. Application of digital chlorophyll meter in garlic
- There was highly significantly different between chlorophyll content and nitrate (NO₃-N) of the leaf in garlic.
- The higher amount of total nitrogen content in garlic leaf would be caused to higher bulb weight of the garlic
- There was highly significant difference between chlorophyll content and SPAD value in garlic leaf.
- The SPAD value of the garlic would be highly correlative relationship in nitrate of the soil.
- In a field trial there was highly significantly different between SPAD value of the garlic leaf and nitrate content in soil.
1) Establishment of optimum level of additional nitrogen fertilizer for garlic.
- With emphasis on adaption of cool area -
A high nitrogen dose gives rise higher vegetation growth such as secondary growth in garlic plant. There is need to quantify the amount of nitrogen fertilizer to be applied during the crop season to maintain normal vegetative growth in garlic. Therefore, this study was conducted to predict the sufficiency indices for nitrogen fertilizer as an indicator of in-season nitrogen status. It was appeared that SPAD value were gradually increased as the successive growth period at the first week of May thereafter, it was decreased with time. There was positive relation between SPAD value and nitrate nitrogen in field, pot soil. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of r=0.5421, r=0.5957 respectively. A positive relation was showed between total nitrogen contents in leaves and nitrate nitrogen in field soil. SPAD value. It showed a correlation coefficient of r=0.7463, r=0.6698 respectively. It was highly significant relation between fresh weight of garlic bulb and total nitrogen contents in leaves. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of r=0.8629.
2) Establishment of optimum level of additional nitrogen fertilizer for garlic.
- With emphasis on adoption of warm area -
Among the nitrogen treatments test, fourth level of nitrogen application showed high SPAD values, whereas the control did low values. Concentration of total nitrogen in leaves for each treatments in pot culture were closely maintenance for the first week of May. There was positive relation between total nitrogen contents in leaves and concentration of chlorophyll in leaves. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of r=0.5434. A positive relation was showed between chlorophyll contents in leaves and SPAD value. It range were lower in 40.06 to higher value in 68.7.It showed a higher correlation coefficient of R²=0.5969.. There were significant differences between SPAD value and nitrate nitrogen contents in soil, total nitrogen contents in leaves. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of R²=0.5384 for nitrate nitrogen contents in soil, r=0.4662 for total nitrogen contents in leaves.
Total yield was no significant differences among nitrogen treatment, when optimum, double, fourth level of nitrogen was applied during 2003. The total yield of garlic were 1174kg/10a in optimum, 1205kg/10a in double level, 1080kg/10a fourth level of nitrogen.
In the hydroponic culture, There were significant differences between SPAD value and total nitrogen contents in leaves, chlorophyll contents in leaves. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of R²=0.8943, R²=0.8148 respectively. A positive relation was showed between SPAD value. and dry weight of above ground. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of R²=0.5008.
SPAD value at the 3rd leaf were within 1 unit of the reference. Therefore, It value were stable and no difference to relative value.
3) Establishment of standard level of additional nitrogen fertilizer for garlic.
It was appeared that plant height, leaf length, sheath diameter, fresh weight of bulb, leaf width, leaf thickness, in the treatment of optimum level were observed in better growth than that of other nitrogen treatments and control.
we observed that SPAD value and chlorophyll contents in leaves were gradually increased as the successive growth period at the 24th of April. Thereafter, it was decreased with time. However, concentration of total nitrogen and dry weight of above ground were reached their maximum on 4th and 14th of May. respectively.
It showed that correlation between SPAD value and total nitrogen in leaves was positive and highly significant with R² value of 0.7386 for total nitrogen in leaves, 0.2028 for nitrate contents in soil, 0.4432 for chlorophyll content in the leaves. This has clearly indicated a closer relationship of this traits with SPAD value, i,e. higher the SPAD value, higher will be the chlorophyll contents in leaves and vice versa.
There was positive relation between total nitrogen contents in leaves and concentration of chlorophyll in leaves. It showed a higher correlation coefficient of R²=0.4918. Based on regression analysis, relationship between the each rate of nitrogen treatments and SPAD value (the regression equation Y = -0.1066X²+12.509X-342.89) was developed. The model provides a tool for the prediction of these rates for leaves growing in field cultivation for garlic. we recommended that optimum range of SPAD value in use of during the end of March through April was 58, 59 and 60unit. for optimum and 56∼60unit for broad range. Our results suggest that field SPAD reading can readily identify severe nitrogen deficiency in garlic, have the potential to identify situations where supplementary top dressed N would not be necessary.

목차 Contents

• 표지 ... 1
• 제출문 ... 2
• 요약문 ... 3
• SUMMARY ... 8
• CONTENTS ... 12
• 목차 ... 13
• 제1장 연구개발과제의 개요 ... 14
• 제1절 연구개발의 목적 ... 14
• 제2절 연구개발의 필요성 ... 14
• 제2장 국내외 기술개발 현황 ... 15
• 제1절 국내기술개발 현황 ... 15
• 제2절 국외 기술개발 현황 ... 17
• 제3장 연구개발 수행내용 및 결과 ... 18
• 제1절 이론적·실험적 접근방법 ... 18
• 1. 1차년도 ... 18
• 2. 2차년도 ... 21
• 3. 3차년도 ... 23
• 제2절 연구개발 내용 및 결과 ... 25
• 1. 1차년도 ... 25
• 2. 2차년도 ... 60
• 3. 3차년도 ... 91
• 제4장 목표달성도 및 관련분야에의 기여도 ... 171
• 제1절 연구개발목표의 달성도 ... 171
• 제2절 관련분야의 기술발전 기여도 ... 172
• 제3절 특허출원 및 등록 ... 172
• 제4절 언론홍보 및 보도 ... 172
• 제5절 『2004농림과학기술대전』우수기술전시회 전시 ... 172
• 제5장 연구개발결과의 활용계획 ... 173
• 제1절 추가 연구의 필요성 ... 173
• 제2절 타 연구에의 응용 및 기업화 추진방안 ... 173
• 제6장 연구개발과정에서 수집한 해외 과학 기술정보 ... 174
• 제1절 주요국의 관련과학기술정보 ... 174
• 제2절 국내외 관련분야의 전망 ... 175
• 제3절 기대효과 및 활용방안 ... 176
• 제7장 참고문헌 ... 177
• 끝페이지 ... 184